Effects of Anesthesia Protocols for Umbilical Hernia Surgery on Blood Gas Parameters in Calves

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 4, 526 - 536, 24.12.2025

Kerem Yener , Adem Şahan , Ünal Yavuz , Kübra Dikmen , Mehmet Sıdık Hurma , Mehmet Salih Karadağ

Öz

This study aimed to evaluate the physiological effects of different preanesthetic sedative and lidocaine combinations in neonatal calves undergoing umbilical herniorrhaphy based on blood gas analyses. Twenty-five clinically healthy calves (42.3±15.8 days old; 79.6±7.2 kg) diagnosed with umbilical hernia were divided into five groups. Each group received a combination of lidocaine (L) with xylazine (X), dexmedetomidine (D), medetomidine (Me), midazolam (Mi), or butorphanol (B) (preanaesthetics administered intravenously). Local infiltration anesthesia was administered using lidocaine (4 mg/kg) across all groups. Venous blood samples were collected from each calf before anesthesia and at 5, 15, 30, and 60 min after induction. The following parameters were analyzed: pH, pCO₂, pO₂, HCO₃⁻, BE, sO₂, Hb, Hct, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, Ca²⁺, glucose, lactate, and creatinine levels. Although no significant differences were observed between the groups for most parameters, time-dependent changes within the groups were notable. In the DL group, marked acidosis and hypoxemia were detected at the 5th minute (p<0.05), whereas in the BL group, potassium and lactate levels increased significantly (p<0.05). The MeL group exhibited significant hyperglycemia (p=0.004), whereas the MiL group demonstrated the most stable values in terms of oxygenation and acid–base balance. Conclusion, the MiL combination is the most stable and safe anesthesia protocol in terms of hemodynamic and metabolic parameters during umbilical herniorrhaphy in neonatal calves. In contrast, protocols involving the DL and BL require careful monitoring. These findings provide important clinical insights into safe anesthetic management under field conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

calves , local anesthesia , preanesthesia , umbilical hernia , venous blood gases

Etik Beyan

The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee on Animal Experiments, Harran University (session and permit number: 2025/008/07).

Buzağılarda Göbek Fıtığı Cerrahisine Yönelik Anestezi Protokollerinin Kan Gazı Parametrelerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, göbek fıtığı ameliyatı geçiren neonatal buzağılarda farklı preanestezik sedatif ve lidokain kombinasyonlarının fizyolojik etkilerini, kan gazı analizlerine dayanarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Göbek fıtığı tanısı konulan klinik olarak sağlıklı yirmi beş buzağı (42,3±15,8 günlük; 79,6±7,2 kg) beş gruba ayrıldı. Her gruba lidokainin (L) sırasıyla ksilazin (X), deksmedetomidin (D), medetomidin (Me), midazolam (Mi) veya butorfanol (B) ile kombinasyonu (preanestezikler intravenöz olarak) uygulandı. Tüm gruplarda lidokain (4 mg/kg) ile lokal infiltrasyon anestezisi gerçekleştirildi. Her buzağıdan anestezi öncesi ve indüksiyondan 5., 15., 30. ve 60. dakikalarda venöz kan örnekleri alındı. Şu parametreler analiz edildi: pH, pCO₂, pO₂, HCO₃⁻, BE, sO₂, Hb, Hct, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, Ca²⁺, glukoz, laktat ve kreatinin düzeyleri. Çoğu parametre açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemekle birlikte, gruplar içinde zamana bağlı değişiklikler belirgindi. DL grubunda 5. dakikada belirgin asidoz ve hipoksemi (p<0,05) tespit edilirken, BL grubunda potasyum ve laktat düzeyleri anlamlı derecede arttı (p<0,05). MeL grubu, belirgin hiperglisemi (p=0,004) gösterirken, MiL grubu oksijenasyon ve asit-baz dengesi açısından en stabil değerleri sergiledi. Sonuç olarak, MiL kombinasyonu, neonatal buzağılarda göbek fıtığı onarımı sırasında hemodinamik ve metabolik parametreler bakımından en stabil ve güvenli anestezi protokolüdür. Buna karşılık, DL ve BL içeren protokoller dikkatli izlem gerektirmektedir. Bu bulgular, saha koşullarında güvenli anestezi yönetimi için önemli klinik bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

buzağılar , lokal anestezi , preanestezik , umbilikal herni , venöz kan gazları

Etik Beyan

Çalışma protokolü Harran Üniversitesi Hayvan Deneyleri Yerel Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır (oturum ve izin numarası: 2025/008/07).

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