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Thymoquinone: The Bioactive Component of Nigella Sativa

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 51 - 61, 01.03.2013
https://doi.org/10.5578/kvj.5251

Öz

Thymoquinone (TQ) which was isolated from Nigella Sativa (NS), particularly has the beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anticancerogenic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective. The biochemical and physiological properties of TQ was summarized in this review

Kaynakça

  • Abdel-Fattah AFM, Matsumoto K, Watanabe H. 2000. Antinociceptive effects of Nigella sativa oil and its major component, thymoquinone in mice. European Journal of Pharmacolog, 400: 89-97.
  • Aboul-Ela EI. 2002. Cytogenetic studies on Nigella sativa seeds extract and thymoquinone on mouse cells infected with schistosomiasis using karyotyping. Mutation Research, 516: 11-17.
  • Ahmed WA, Hassan SA, Galeb FM, El-Taweel MA, Abu-Bedair FA. 2008. The in vitro promising thymoquinone on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Global Veterinaria, 2 (5): 233-241. activity of
  • Al-Alı A, Alkhawajah AA, Randhawa MA, Shaıkh NA. 2008. Oral and intraperitoneal LD50 of thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa, in mice and rats. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 20(2): 25-7.
  • Al-Enazı MM. 2007. Effect of thymoquinone on malformations and oxidative stress-induced diabetic mice. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 10(18): 3115-3119.
  • Al-Gharably N, Badary O, Nagı MN, Al- Shabanah OA, Al-Sawaf HA, Al-Rıkabı AC, Al-Bekaırı AM. 1997. Protective effect of thymoquinone against carbotetrachloride- induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Res Commun Pharmacol Toxicol, 2: 41-50.
  • Aljabre SHM, RandhawaMA, Akhtar, N, Alakloby OM, Alqurashi AM, Aldossary A. 2005. Antidermatophyte activity of ether extract of Nigella sativa and its active principle, Ethnopharmacology, 101: 116-119. Journal of
  • Al-Majed AA, Al-Omar FA, Nagı MN. 2006. Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against transient forebrain ischemia in the rat hippocampus Pharmacology, 543: 40-47. Journal of
  • Al-Naqeep G, Ismaıl M, Yazan LS. 2009. Effects of thymoquinone on plasma lipoprotein levels and hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase genes expression. Journal of Functional Foods, 1(3): 298-303. and
  • Alsaıf MA. 2007. Effect of thymoquinone on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistwar rats. J of Med Sci, 7(7): 1164-1170.
  • Anonim a. 2012. Erişim: lokmanhekimm.wordpress. com; Erişim tarihi; 01.05.2012.
  • Anonim b.2012. Erişim: diyet.bilgini.net; Erişim tarihi; 01.05.2012.
  • Arslan S O, Gelir E, Armutçu F, Coşkun O, Gürel A, Sayan H, Çelik IL. 2005. The protective effect of thymoquinone on ethanol- induced acute gastric damage in the rat. Nutrition Research, 25: 673-680.
  • Bacak G 2010. Yağlı diyet ile beslenen sıçanlarda plazma timokinon’un paraoksanaz, tiroid hormonları, insülin ve glikoz araştırılması. AKÜ, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tez no: 2010-005, Afyonkarahisar. karnitin, ile lipid profiline etkilerinin
  • Badary OA, Abdelnaim AB, Abdel-Wahap MH, Farid MA, Hamada FMA. 2000. The influence of thymoquinone on doxorubicin- induced hyperlipidemic nephropathy in rats. Toxicology, 143: 219-226.
  • Badary OA. 1999. Thymoquinone attenuates ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome in rats and enhances its antitumor activity in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 67:135-142.
  • Badary OA, Abd-Ellah, MF, El-Mahdy, MA, Salama, SA, Hamada, FM. 2007. Anticlastogenic activity of thymoquinone against benzo(a)pyrene in mice. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45: 88-92.
  • Badary OA, Al-Shabanah OA, Nagı MN, Al- Bekaırı AM, Elmazar MMA. 1998. Acute and subchronic toxicity of thymoquinone in mice. Drug Development Research, 44: 56-61.
  • Badary OA, Taha RA, Gamal El-Dın AM, Abdel-Wahab MH 2003. Thymoquinone is a potent superoxide anion scavenger. Drug Chem Toxicol 26(2): 87-98.
  • Bamosa AO, Ali BA, Al-Hawsawi Z A. 2002. The effect of thymoquinone on blood lipids in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 46(2): 195- 201.
  • Banerjee S, Kaseb AO, Wang Z, Kong D, Mohammad M, Padhye S, Sarkar FH, Mohammad RM. 2009. Antitumor activity of gemcitabine and oxaliplatin is augmented by thymoquinone in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Research. 69(13): 575-83.
  • Baytop T. 1984. Türkiye’de Bitkiler İle Tedavi. İ.Ü. Yayınları No:3255.
  • Bourgou S, Pichette A, Marzouk B, Legault J. 2010 Bioactivities of black cummin essential oil and its main terpenes from Tunisia. South African Journal of Botany; 76 : 210-216.
  • Budancamanak M, Kanter M, Demirel A, Ocakcı A, Uysal H, Karakaya C. 2006. Protective effects of thymoquinone and methotrexate on the renal injury in collagen- induced arthritis. Arch Toxicol, 80: 768-776.
  • Chehl N, Chıpıtsyna G, Gong Q, Yeo CJ, Arafat HA. 2009. Anti-inflammatory effects of the Nigella sativa seed extract, thymoquinone, in pancreatic cancer cells. HPB (Oxford), 1(5): 373-81.
  • Child P, Kuksis A. 1983. Critical role of ring structure in the differential uptake of cholesterol and plant sterols by membrane preparations in vitro. J Lipid Res. 24(9):1196- 209
  • Dattner AM. 2003. From medical herbalism to phytotherapy in dermatology: back to future. Dermatol Ther, 16: 106-13.
  • El-Abhar H S, Abdallah D M, Saleh S. 2003. Gastroprotective activity of Nigella sativa oil and its constituent, thymoquinone, against gastric ischaemia/reperfusion in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 84: 251-258. by
  • El-Dakhakhny M, Madı NJ, Lembert N, Ammon HPT. 2002. Nigella sativa oil, nigellone and derived thymoquinone inhibit synthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 81: 161-164.
  • El Gazzar M, El Mezayen R, Mareckı JC, Nıcolls MR, Canastar A, Dreskın SC. (2006a) thymoquinone in a mouse model of allergic lung Immunopharmacology, 6: 1135-1142. of International
  • El Gazzar M, El Mezayen R, Nıcolls MR, Mareckı JC, Dreskın SC. (2006b). Downregulation of leukotriene biosynthesis by inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1760: 1088-1095. attenuates airway
  • El Gazzar MA, El Mezayen R, Nıcolls MR, Dreskın SC 2007. Thymoquinone attenuates proinflammatory lipopolysaccharide-activated mast cells by modulating transactivation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 177:, 556-564. responses in NF-kappaB nuclear
  • El-Mahmoudy A, Matsuyama H, Borgan M A, Shımızua Y, El-Sayedc MG, Minamotob, N, Takewakia T. 2002. Thymoquinone suppresses expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat macrophages. International Immunopharmacology, 2: 1603-1611.
  • El-Mahmoudy A, Shımızu Y, Shıına T, Matsuyama H, El-Sayeda M, Takewakı, T. (2005b). Successful abrogation by thymoquinone against induction of diabetes mellitus with streptozotocin via nitric oxide inhibitory Immunopharmacology, 5: 195-207. International
  • El-Mahmoudy A, Shımızu Y, Shıına T, Matsuyama H, Nıkamı H, Takewakı T. 2005a. Macrophage-derived cytokine and nitric oxide profiles in type I and type II diabetes mellitus: effect of thymoquinone. Acta Diabetol, 42: 23-30.
  • El Mezayen R, El Gazzar M, Nıcolls MR, Mareckı JC, Dreskın SC, Nomıyama H. 2006. cyclooxygenase expression and prostaglandin production in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Immunology Letter, 106: 72-81. thymoquinone on
  • El-Saleh SC, Al-Sagaır OA, Al-Khalaf MI. 2004. Thymoquinone and Nigella sativa oil protection hyperhomocysteinemia in rats International Journal of Cardiology, 93: 19-23.
  • El Tahır KE, Ashour MM, Al-Harbı MM. 1993. The cardiovascular actions of the volatile oil of the black seed (Nigella sativa) in rats: elucidation of the mechanism of action. Gen Pharmacol, 24(5): 1123-31.
  • Ezenwaka CE, Seales D, Surujlal R, Mathura RP. 2009. Glycated haemoglobin A1c measurement in stored whole blood sample is reliable for clinical use. West Indian Med J. 2009 58(1):17-20.
  • Fararh, KM, Shımızu, Y, Shıına, T, Nıkamı, H, Ghanem, MM, Takewakı, T. 2005. Thymoquinone reduces hepatic glucose production in diabetic hamsters. Research in Veterinary Science, 79: 219-223.
  • Fouda, AMM, Daba, MHY, Dahab, GM, Sharaf El-Din, OA. ameliorates renal oxidative damage and proliferative response induced by mercuric chloride in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol, 103: 109-118. Thymoquinone
  • Galı-Muhtasıb H, Dıab-Assaf M, Boltze C, Al- Hmaıra J, Hartıg R, Roessner A, Schneıder-Stock R. 2004a. Thymoquinone extracted from black seed triggers apoptotic cell death in human colorectal cancer cells via a p53-dependent mechanism. Int J Oncol, 25(4): 857-66.
  • Galı-Muhtasıb HU, Abou Kheır WG, Kheır LA, Darwıche N, Crooks PA. 2004b. Molecular pathway for thymoquinone-induced cell-cycle arrest keratinocytes. Anticancer Drugs, 15: 389-99. in neoplastic
  • Garjanı A, Fathıazad F, Zakherı A, Akbari NA, Azarmıe Y, Fakhrjoo A, Andalıb S, Malekı-Dızajı N. 2009. The effect of total extract of Securigera securidaca L. seeds on serum lipid profiles, antioxidant status, and vascular function in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 126(3):525-532
  • Hadjzadeh MAR, Mohammadıan N, Rahmanı Z, Rassoulı FB. 2008. Effect of thymoquinone on ethylene glycol-induced kidney calculi in rats. Urol J, 5(3):149-55.
  • Halawanı E. 2009. Antibacterial acativity of thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone of Nigella sativa L. and their ınteraction with some antibiotics. Advances in Biological Research, 3(5-6): 148-152.
  • Hamdy NM, Taha R. 2009. Effects of nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone on oxidative stress anf neuropathy in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Parmacology 8: 127-134.
  • Hanafy MS and Hatem ME. 1991. Studies on the antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa seed (black cumin). J. Ethnopharmacol, 34, 275- 278.
  • Hawsawı ZA, Alı BA, Bamosa AO. 2001. Effect of Nigella sativa (Black Seed) and thymoquinone on blood glucose in albino rats. Annals of Saudi Medicine, 21: 242-244.
  • Ismaıl M, Al-Naqeep G, Weı Chan K. 2010. Nigella sativa thymoquinone-rich fraction greatly improves plasma antioxidant capacity and expression of antioxidant genes in hypercholesterolemic rats. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 48: 664-672.
  • Işık AF, Katib I, Bayram I, Hanefi Ozbek H. 2005. A new agent for treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome:thymoquinone. An experimental study in a rat model. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 28: 301-305.
  • Kalaıvanısaılaja J, Manju V, Nalını N. 2003. Lipid profile in mice fed a high-fat diet after exogenous leptin administration. Polish J Pharmacol, 55: 763-769.
  • Kanter M. 2008. Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone neurodegeneration after chronic toluene exposure in rats. Neurochem Res, 33: 579- 588. hippocampal
  • Kanter M, Demir H, Karakaya C, Özbek H. 2005. Gastroprotective activity of Nigella sativa L oil and its constituent, thymoquinone against acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury in Gastroenterology 11(42): 6662-6666. World Journal of
  • Kaseb AO, Chınnakannu K, Chen D, Sıvanandam A, Tejwanı S, Menon M, Dou QP, Reddy GP. 2007. Androgen receptor and E2F-1 targeted thymoquinone therapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Cancer Res, 67: 7782-8.
  • Khattab MM, Nagı MN. 2007. Thymoquinone supplementation attenuates hypertension and renal damage in nitric oxide deficient hypertensive rats. Phytother Res,21: 410-414.
  • Kıruı PK, Cameron J, Benghuzzı HA Tuccı, M Patel R, Adah F, Russell G. 2004. Effects of sustained delivery of thymoqiunone on bone healing of male rats. Biomed Sci Instrum, 40: 111-116.
  • Lucey DR, Clerici M, Shearer GM. 1996. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in human infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev, 9:532-62.
  • Mahgoub AA. 2003. Thymoquinone protects against experimental colitis in rats. Toxicology Letters, 143: 133-143.
  • Mansour M, Tornhamre S. 2004. Inhibition of 5- lipoxygenase and leukotriene C4 synthase in human blood cells by thymoquinone. J Enzyme Med Chem, 19: 431-6.
  • Nagı MN, Almakkı HA. 2009. Thymoquinone supplementation ınduces quinone reductase and glutathione transferase in mice liver: possible role in protection against chemical carcinogenesis and toxicity. Phytother Res, 23: 1295-1298
  • Nagı MN, Mansour MA. 2000. Protectıve effect of thymoquınone against doxorubicın-induced cardiotoxıcıty in rats: a possible mechanıism of protection. Pharmacological Research, 41(3): 283-289.
  • Nofer J. 2002. HDL and arteriosclerosis: beyond reverse cholesterol transport. Atherosclerosis, 161(1), 1-16.
  • Parı L, Sankaranarayanan C. 2009. Beneficial effects of thymoquinone on hepatic key enzymes induced diabetic rats. Life Sciences, 85: 830- 834.
  • Ragheb A, Attıa A, Elbarbry F, Prasad K, Shoker A. 2009. Attenuated combined action of cyclosporine a and hyperlipidemia on atherogenesis in rabbits by thymoquinone. eCAM, 1-9.
  • Randhawa MA, Al-Ghamdı MS. 2002. A review of the pharmaco-therapeutic effectes of Nigella sativa. Pakistan J Med Res, 41(2): 77- 83.
  • Roepke M, Dıestel A, Bajbouj K, Walluscheck D, Schonfeld P, Roessner A, Schneıder- Stock R, Galı-Muhtasıb H. 2007. Lack of p53 apoptosis and caspase activation in human osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Biol Ther, 6 (2): 160-9.
  • thymoquinone-induced
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  • Shoıeb AM, Elgayyar M, Dudrıck PS, Bell JL, Tıthof PK. 2003. In vitro inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis in cancer cell lines by thymoquinone. Int J Oncol, 22:107-13.
  • Yı T, Cho S-G, Yı Z, Pang X, Rodrıguez M, Wang Y, Sethı G, Aggarwal BB, Lıu M. 2008. angiogenesis and tumor growth through suppressing AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Mol Cancer Ther, 7(7): 1789-1796.
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Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 51 - 61, 01.03.2013
https://doi.org/10.5578/kvj.5251

Öz

Nigella Sativa (NS),’dan izole edilen timokinon (TQ) özellikle antioksidan, antihiperlipidemik, hepatoprotektif gibi pek çok yararlı etkilere sahiptir. Bu derlemede TQ’nun biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik özellikleri özetlenmiştir

Kaynakça

  • Abdel-Fattah AFM, Matsumoto K, Watanabe H. 2000. Antinociceptive effects of Nigella sativa oil and its major component, thymoquinone in mice. European Journal of Pharmacolog, 400: 89-97.
  • Aboul-Ela EI. 2002. Cytogenetic studies on Nigella sativa seeds extract and thymoquinone on mouse cells infected with schistosomiasis using karyotyping. Mutation Research, 516: 11-17.
  • Ahmed WA, Hassan SA, Galeb FM, El-Taweel MA, Abu-Bedair FA. 2008. The in vitro promising thymoquinone on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Global Veterinaria, 2 (5): 233-241. activity of
  • Al-Alı A, Alkhawajah AA, Randhawa MA, Shaıkh NA. 2008. Oral and intraperitoneal LD50 of thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa, in mice and rats. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 20(2): 25-7.
  • Al-Enazı MM. 2007. Effect of thymoquinone on malformations and oxidative stress-induced diabetic mice. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 10(18): 3115-3119.
  • Al-Gharably N, Badary O, Nagı MN, Al- Shabanah OA, Al-Sawaf HA, Al-Rıkabı AC, Al-Bekaırı AM. 1997. Protective effect of thymoquinone against carbotetrachloride- induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Res Commun Pharmacol Toxicol, 2: 41-50.
  • Aljabre SHM, RandhawaMA, Akhtar, N, Alakloby OM, Alqurashi AM, Aldossary A. 2005. Antidermatophyte activity of ether extract of Nigella sativa and its active principle, Ethnopharmacology, 101: 116-119. Journal of
  • Al-Majed AA, Al-Omar FA, Nagı MN. 2006. Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against transient forebrain ischemia in the rat hippocampus Pharmacology, 543: 40-47. Journal of
  • Al-Naqeep G, Ismaıl M, Yazan LS. 2009. Effects of thymoquinone on plasma lipoprotein levels and hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase genes expression. Journal of Functional Foods, 1(3): 298-303. and
  • Alsaıf MA. 2007. Effect of thymoquinone on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistwar rats. J of Med Sci, 7(7): 1164-1170.
  • Anonim a. 2012. Erişim: lokmanhekimm.wordpress. com; Erişim tarihi; 01.05.2012.
  • Anonim b.2012. Erişim: diyet.bilgini.net; Erişim tarihi; 01.05.2012.
  • Arslan S O, Gelir E, Armutçu F, Coşkun O, Gürel A, Sayan H, Çelik IL. 2005. The protective effect of thymoquinone on ethanol- induced acute gastric damage in the rat. Nutrition Research, 25: 673-680.
  • Bacak G 2010. Yağlı diyet ile beslenen sıçanlarda plazma timokinon’un paraoksanaz, tiroid hormonları, insülin ve glikoz araştırılması. AKÜ, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tez no: 2010-005, Afyonkarahisar. karnitin, ile lipid profiline etkilerinin
  • Badary OA, Abdelnaim AB, Abdel-Wahap MH, Farid MA, Hamada FMA. 2000. The influence of thymoquinone on doxorubicin- induced hyperlipidemic nephropathy in rats. Toxicology, 143: 219-226.
  • Badary OA. 1999. Thymoquinone attenuates ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome in rats and enhances its antitumor activity in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 67:135-142.
  • Badary OA, Abd-Ellah, MF, El-Mahdy, MA, Salama, SA, Hamada, FM. 2007. Anticlastogenic activity of thymoquinone against benzo(a)pyrene in mice. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45: 88-92.
  • Badary OA, Al-Shabanah OA, Nagı MN, Al- Bekaırı AM, Elmazar MMA. 1998. Acute and subchronic toxicity of thymoquinone in mice. Drug Development Research, 44: 56-61.
  • Badary OA, Taha RA, Gamal El-Dın AM, Abdel-Wahab MH 2003. Thymoquinone is a potent superoxide anion scavenger. Drug Chem Toxicol 26(2): 87-98.
  • Bamosa AO, Ali BA, Al-Hawsawi Z A. 2002. The effect of thymoquinone on blood lipids in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 46(2): 195- 201.
  • Banerjee S, Kaseb AO, Wang Z, Kong D, Mohammad M, Padhye S, Sarkar FH, Mohammad RM. 2009. Antitumor activity of gemcitabine and oxaliplatin is augmented by thymoquinone in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Research. 69(13): 575-83.
  • Baytop T. 1984. Türkiye’de Bitkiler İle Tedavi. İ.Ü. Yayınları No:3255.
  • Bourgou S, Pichette A, Marzouk B, Legault J. 2010 Bioactivities of black cummin essential oil and its main terpenes from Tunisia. South African Journal of Botany; 76 : 210-216.
  • Budancamanak M, Kanter M, Demirel A, Ocakcı A, Uysal H, Karakaya C. 2006. Protective effects of thymoquinone and methotrexate on the renal injury in collagen- induced arthritis. Arch Toxicol, 80: 768-776.
  • Chehl N, Chıpıtsyna G, Gong Q, Yeo CJ, Arafat HA. 2009. Anti-inflammatory effects of the Nigella sativa seed extract, thymoquinone, in pancreatic cancer cells. HPB (Oxford), 1(5): 373-81.
  • Child P, Kuksis A. 1983. Critical role of ring structure in the differential uptake of cholesterol and plant sterols by membrane preparations in vitro. J Lipid Res. 24(9):1196- 209
  • Dattner AM. 2003. From medical herbalism to phytotherapy in dermatology: back to future. Dermatol Ther, 16: 106-13.
  • El-Abhar H S, Abdallah D M, Saleh S. 2003. Gastroprotective activity of Nigella sativa oil and its constituent, thymoquinone, against gastric ischaemia/reperfusion in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 84: 251-258. by
  • El-Dakhakhny M, Madı NJ, Lembert N, Ammon HPT. 2002. Nigella sativa oil, nigellone and derived thymoquinone inhibit synthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 81: 161-164.
  • El Gazzar M, El Mezayen R, Mareckı JC, Nıcolls MR, Canastar A, Dreskın SC. (2006a) thymoquinone in a mouse model of allergic lung Immunopharmacology, 6: 1135-1142. of International
  • El Gazzar M, El Mezayen R, Nıcolls MR, Mareckı JC, Dreskın SC. (2006b). Downregulation of leukotriene biosynthesis by inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1760: 1088-1095. attenuates airway
  • El Gazzar MA, El Mezayen R, Nıcolls MR, Dreskın SC 2007. Thymoquinone attenuates proinflammatory lipopolysaccharide-activated mast cells by modulating transactivation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 177:, 556-564. responses in NF-kappaB nuclear
  • El-Mahmoudy A, Matsuyama H, Borgan M A, Shımızua Y, El-Sayedc MG, Minamotob, N, Takewakia T. 2002. Thymoquinone suppresses expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat macrophages. International Immunopharmacology, 2: 1603-1611.
  • El-Mahmoudy A, Shımızu Y, Shıına T, Matsuyama H, El-Sayeda M, Takewakı, T. (2005b). Successful abrogation by thymoquinone against induction of diabetes mellitus with streptozotocin via nitric oxide inhibitory Immunopharmacology, 5: 195-207. International
  • El-Mahmoudy A, Shımızu Y, Shıına T, Matsuyama H, Nıkamı H, Takewakı T. 2005a. Macrophage-derived cytokine and nitric oxide profiles in type I and type II diabetes mellitus: effect of thymoquinone. Acta Diabetol, 42: 23-30.
  • El Mezayen R, El Gazzar M, Nıcolls MR, Mareckı JC, Dreskın SC, Nomıyama H. 2006. cyclooxygenase expression and prostaglandin production in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Immunology Letter, 106: 72-81. thymoquinone on
  • El-Saleh SC, Al-Sagaır OA, Al-Khalaf MI. 2004. Thymoquinone and Nigella sativa oil protection hyperhomocysteinemia in rats International Journal of Cardiology, 93: 19-23.
  • El Tahır KE, Ashour MM, Al-Harbı MM. 1993. The cardiovascular actions of the volatile oil of the black seed (Nigella sativa) in rats: elucidation of the mechanism of action. Gen Pharmacol, 24(5): 1123-31.
  • Ezenwaka CE, Seales D, Surujlal R, Mathura RP. 2009. Glycated haemoglobin A1c measurement in stored whole blood sample is reliable for clinical use. West Indian Med J. 2009 58(1):17-20.
  • Fararh, KM, Shımızu, Y, Shıına, T, Nıkamı, H, Ghanem, MM, Takewakı, T. 2005. Thymoquinone reduces hepatic glucose production in diabetic hamsters. Research in Veterinary Science, 79: 219-223.
  • Fouda, AMM, Daba, MHY, Dahab, GM, Sharaf El-Din, OA. ameliorates renal oxidative damage and proliferative response induced by mercuric chloride in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol, 103: 109-118. Thymoquinone
  • Galı-Muhtasıb H, Dıab-Assaf M, Boltze C, Al- Hmaıra J, Hartıg R, Roessner A, Schneıder-Stock R. 2004a. Thymoquinone extracted from black seed triggers apoptotic cell death in human colorectal cancer cells via a p53-dependent mechanism. Int J Oncol, 25(4): 857-66.
  • Galı-Muhtasıb HU, Abou Kheır WG, Kheır LA, Darwıche N, Crooks PA. 2004b. Molecular pathway for thymoquinone-induced cell-cycle arrest keratinocytes. Anticancer Drugs, 15: 389-99. in neoplastic
  • Garjanı A, Fathıazad F, Zakherı A, Akbari NA, Azarmıe Y, Fakhrjoo A, Andalıb S, Malekı-Dızajı N. 2009. The effect of total extract of Securigera securidaca L. seeds on serum lipid profiles, antioxidant status, and vascular function in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 126(3):525-532
  • Hadjzadeh MAR, Mohammadıan N, Rahmanı Z, Rassoulı FB. 2008. Effect of thymoquinone on ethylene glycol-induced kidney calculi in rats. Urol J, 5(3):149-55.
  • Halawanı E. 2009. Antibacterial acativity of thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone of Nigella sativa L. and their ınteraction with some antibiotics. Advances in Biological Research, 3(5-6): 148-152.
  • Hamdy NM, Taha R. 2009. Effects of nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone on oxidative stress anf neuropathy in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Parmacology 8: 127-134.
  • Hanafy MS and Hatem ME. 1991. Studies on the antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa seed (black cumin). J. Ethnopharmacol, 34, 275- 278.
  • Hawsawı ZA, Alı BA, Bamosa AO. 2001. Effect of Nigella sativa (Black Seed) and thymoquinone on blood glucose in albino rats. Annals of Saudi Medicine, 21: 242-244.
  • Ismaıl M, Al-Naqeep G, Weı Chan K. 2010. Nigella sativa thymoquinone-rich fraction greatly improves plasma antioxidant capacity and expression of antioxidant genes in hypercholesterolemic rats. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 48: 664-672.
  • Işık AF, Katib I, Bayram I, Hanefi Ozbek H. 2005. A new agent for treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome:thymoquinone. An experimental study in a rat model. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 28: 301-305.
  • Kalaıvanısaılaja J, Manju V, Nalını N. 2003. Lipid profile in mice fed a high-fat diet after exogenous leptin administration. Polish J Pharmacol, 55: 763-769.
  • Kanter M. 2008. Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone neurodegeneration after chronic toluene exposure in rats. Neurochem Res, 33: 579- 588. hippocampal
  • Kanter M, Demir H, Karakaya C, Özbek H. 2005. Gastroprotective activity of Nigella sativa L oil and its constituent, thymoquinone against acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury in Gastroenterology 11(42): 6662-6666. World Journal of
  • Kaseb AO, Chınnakannu K, Chen D, Sıvanandam A, Tejwanı S, Menon M, Dou QP, Reddy GP. 2007. Androgen receptor and E2F-1 targeted thymoquinone therapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Cancer Res, 67: 7782-8.
  • Khattab MM, Nagı MN. 2007. Thymoquinone supplementation attenuates hypertension and renal damage in nitric oxide deficient hypertensive rats. Phytother Res,21: 410-414.
  • Kıruı PK, Cameron J, Benghuzzı HA Tuccı, M Patel R, Adah F, Russell G. 2004. Effects of sustained delivery of thymoqiunone on bone healing of male rats. Biomed Sci Instrum, 40: 111-116.
  • Lucey DR, Clerici M, Shearer GM. 1996. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in human infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev, 9:532-62.
  • Mahgoub AA. 2003. Thymoquinone protects against experimental colitis in rats. Toxicology Letters, 143: 133-143.
  • Mansour M, Tornhamre S. 2004. Inhibition of 5- lipoxygenase and leukotriene C4 synthase in human blood cells by thymoquinone. J Enzyme Med Chem, 19: 431-6.
  • Nagı MN, Almakkı HA. 2009. Thymoquinone supplementation ınduces quinone reductase and glutathione transferase in mice liver: possible role in protection against chemical carcinogenesis and toxicity. Phytother Res, 23: 1295-1298
  • Nagı MN, Mansour MA. 2000. Protectıve effect of thymoquınone against doxorubicın-induced cardiotoxıcıty in rats: a possible mechanıism of protection. Pharmacological Research, 41(3): 283-289.
  • Nofer J. 2002. HDL and arteriosclerosis: beyond reverse cholesterol transport. Atherosclerosis, 161(1), 1-16.
  • Parı L, Sankaranarayanan C. 2009. Beneficial effects of thymoquinone on hepatic key enzymes induced diabetic rats. Life Sciences, 85: 830- 834.
  • Ragheb A, Attıa A, Elbarbry F, Prasad K, Shoker A. 2009. Attenuated combined action of cyclosporine a and hyperlipidemia on atherogenesis in rabbits by thymoquinone. eCAM, 1-9.
  • Randhawa MA, Al-Ghamdı MS. 2002. A review of the pharmaco-therapeutic effectes of Nigella sativa. Pakistan J Med Res, 41(2): 77- 83.
  • Roepke M, Dıestel A, Bajbouj K, Walluscheck D, Schonfeld P, Roessner A, Schneıder- Stock R, Galı-Muhtasıb H. 2007. Lack of p53 apoptosis and caspase activation in human osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Biol Ther, 6 (2): 160-9.
  • thymoquinone-induced
  • Salem ML. 2005. Immunomodulatory and immunotherapeutic properties of the Nigella sativa İmunopharmacology, 5(13-14): 1749-1770. International
  • Shoıeb AM, Elgayyar M, Dudrıck PS, Bell JL, Tıthof PK. 2003. In vitro inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis in cancer cell lines by thymoquinone. Int J Oncol, 22:107-13.
  • Yı T, Cho S-G, Yı Z, Pang X, Rodrıguez M, Wang Y, Sethı G, Aggarwal BB, Lıu M. 2008. angiogenesis and tumor growth through suppressing AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Mol Cancer Ther, 7(7): 1789-1796.
  • Zaouı A, Cherrah Y, Alaouı K, Mahassıne N, Amarouch H, Hassar M. 2002. Effects of Nigella sativa fixed oil on blood homeostasis in rat. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 79: 23- 26.
Toplam 72 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Elif Bacak Güllü Bu kişi benim

Gülcan Avcı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Güllü, E. B., & Avcı, G. (2013). Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 6(1), 51-61. https://doi.org/10.5578/kvj.5251
AMA Güllü EB, Avcı G. Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti. kvj. Mart 2013;6(1):51-61. doi:10.5578/kvj.5251
Chicago Güllü, Elif Bacak, ve Gülcan Avcı. “Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 6, sy. 1 (Mart 2013): 51-61. https://doi.org/10.5578/kvj.5251.
EndNote Güllü EB, Avcı G (01 Mart 2013) Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 6 1 51–61.
IEEE E. B. Güllü ve G. Avcı, “Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti”, kvj, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 51–61, 2013, doi: 10.5578/kvj.5251.
ISNAD Güllü, Elif Bacak - Avcı, Gülcan. “Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 6/1 (Mart 2013), 51-61. https://doi.org/10.5578/kvj.5251.
JAMA Güllü EB, Avcı G. Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti. kvj. 2013;6:51–61.
MLA Güllü, Elif Bacak ve Gülcan Avcı. “Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, c. 6, sy. 1, 2013, ss. 51-61, doi:10.5578/kvj.5251.
Vancouver Güllü EB, Avcı G. Timokinon: Nigella sativa’nın Biyoaktif Komponenti. kvj. 2013;6(1):51-6.

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