Antioksidanlar

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 41 - 52, 01.12.2014

Gülsüm Sinem Kasapçopur Özel Yavuz Osman Birdane

Öz

Serbest radikaller hücrelerde bulunan DNA, protein, lipid yapılarına kalıcı hasarlar vermeleri sebebiyle oldukça zararlıdırlar. Radikallerin vücuttaki endojen kaynakları mitokondriyal elektron taşıma sistemi, araşidonik asit metabolizması, fagositoz, enzim reaksiyonlarıdır. Eksojen kaynaklar arasında radyasyon, ozon, sigara, UV ışınlar, kimyasal maddeler, ilaçlar, metaller yer alır. Gerek endojen gerekse eksojen kaynaklar sonucu oluşan radikaller ve onların metabolizma ürünleri, vücudun kendi savunma mekanizmalarından biri olan antioksidan savunma ile zararsız hale getirilirler. Fakat bazen bu denge bozulur, dokularda hasar oluşur ve oksidatif stres meydana gelir. Oksidatif stres nedeniyle vücutta kanser, ateroskleroz, hipertansiyon, astım, diabet, kronik böbrek yetmezliği, Alzheimer, Parkinson, romatizma, karaciğer hastalıkları ve daha pek çok hastalık meydana gelir. Vücutta doğal olarak bulunan antioksidanlar ve dışarıdan alınan antioksidanlarla bu hastalıkların önlenmesi ve tedavilerinin yapılmasına dair bir çok çalışma mevcuttur. Eksojen antioksidanlardan olan E, C ve A vitaminleri, flavonlar, likopen, eser elementler, tiol bileşiklerinin giderek önemi atmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioksidan, Serbest Radikal, Oksidatif Stres

Antioxidants

Öz

Free radicals are very harmful radicals that give damage to DNA, lipids, proteins in living organisms. The endogenous sources of radicals are mitochondrial electron transport, phagocytosis, arachidonic acid metabolism, enzyme reactions. Radiation, cigarette smoke, ozone, UV light, chemicals, drugs, metals are the exogenous sources of radicals. Free radicals can be harmless by the defence of organism called antioxidant defence. In sometimes the equilibrium between radicals and antioxidant defence system can breakdown. At this time radicals give harm to tissues and oxidative stress occurs.A lots of diseases occurs by oxidative stress like cancer, atherosclerosis, hypertension, asthma, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer, Parkinson, rheumatoid arthritis,etc. Endogenous and exogenous antioxidants can be used in prophylaxis and therapy. The importance of E, C and A vitamins, flavonoids, lycopen, trace elements, thiol compounds increases as a antioxidant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant, Free Radical

Kaynakça

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