Sığır Nakillerinde Refah ve Davranış İlişkisi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 357 - 362, 01.12.2016

Onur Erzurum Alper Yılmaz

Öz

Sığırlar, çeşitli ihtiyaçların karşılanması amacı ile kara yolu, deniz yolu, demir yolu ve hava yolu kullanılarak bir noktadan diğer bir noktaya nakledilmektedirler. Sığır nakillerinin yapılmasındaki amaçlar ülkenin gelişmişlik seviyesine göre de değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu ihtiyaçlara;

- Bir ülkenin veya bölgenin canlı hayvan ihtiyacının karşılanması,

- Tüketime sunulacak olan et ihtiyacının karşılanması,

- İşletmelerin ihtiyaçlarına uygun şekilde (canlı hayvan, karkas) nakillerin sağlanması,

- Hayvanların çeşitli nedenler ile (zorunlu kesim, ticari ihtiyaçlar vb…) kesimhanelere sevk edilmesi,

- Ülkelere özgü kullanım amaçlarının karşılanması gibi örnekler verebiliriz.

Canlı hayvan nakillerinde sağlanan refah şartlarının canlıya olan etkisi önemlidir. Ancak yapılan nakillerde refaha dikkat edilmediği için sıklıkla refah ile ilgili sorunlarla karşılaşılmaktadır. Canlı hayvan nakilleri esnasında karşılaşılan bu sorunlar hayvanlarda hem stres oluşturmakta hem de verim kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Nakillerde dikkat edilmesi gereken kurallar (yükleme yoğunluğu, yükleme ve boşaltma rampaları, nakil süresi vb.) bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede incelenecek konu özellikle insanların beslenmesinde tüketime sunulan sığırların nakilleri ve bu nakillerde dikkat edilmesi gereken konuları içermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sığır Nakilleri, Hayvan Davranışları, Hayvan Refahı, Nakil Firesi

Relationship Between Cattle Welfare and Behaviour During Transportation

Öz

For many reasons, cows are transported via roads, sea routes, rail roads and air routes. The aims of cattle transport may vary according to the level of development of the country. Reasons for animal transportation are,

- To compensate a regions or a countries insufficient livestock.

- Fulfilling the needs of meat consumption.

- Supplying animals to businesses (live animals or carcase).

- Shipping animals to slaughterhouses for a variety of reasons (Compulsory slaughter, commercial needs, etc.).

- Supplying a countries particular need; are some of the examples that we can give.

Welfare is a vital part of live animal transport. During these transports problems regarding animal welfare are frequently seen. These problems during transportation are the causes of stress and low efficiency. There are rules (loading density, loading and unloading ramps, transporting time, etc.) to be observed in animal transport. The purpose of this compilation is to see the effects of animal welfare and transport regulations on cattle which are used as human nutrition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cattle Transports, Animal Behavior, Animal Welfare, Transportation Shrink

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