Koyunlarda Yemlemeden Sonra Kan Oksidan-antioksidan Denge ile Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametrelerdeki Değişimlerin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 6, 01.03.2017

İbrahim Durmuş Mustafa Evcimen Mehmet Naci Salim İsmail Küçükkurt Sinan İnce Abdullah Eryavuz

Öz

Bu proje çalışması, koyunlarda beslemeden sonra geçen zamana bağlı olarak kan metabolik profili ile oksidan-antioksidan dengede meydana gelen değişiklikleri tespit etmek amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırma; ortalama 1,5 yaşlı, sağlıklı 10 Anadolu Merinosu koyunda gerçekleştirildi. Hayvanlar 15 gün süren deneme boyunca % 61.3 kaba yem ve % 38.7 karma yemden oluşan rasyonla günde bir kez beslendiler. Hayvanlardan besleme öncesi ve beslemeden sonraki 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 18 ve 24. saatlerde kan örnekleri alındı. Kan örneklerinde, üre, glikoz, glutamin ve kortizol düzeyleri ile malondialdehid (MDA) ve antioksidan potansiyel (AOP) belirlendi. Üre düzeyleri besleme öncesine göre besleme sonrası ilk saatte düştü, bu saatten sonra artmaya başladı ve besleme önceki düzeylerine beslemeden sonraki 12. saatte ulaştı. Glikoz düzeyleri besleme öncesine göre beslemeden sonraki ilk saatte önemli oranda arttı, bu saatten sonra düşerek beslemeden sonraki 5. saatte besleme öncesi düzeylerine ulaştı. Glutamin ve kortizol düzeyleri besleme öncesine göre beslemeden sonraki ilk saatten 7.saate kadar önemli düzeyde düşüş gösterdi ve beslemeden sonraki 7.saatte besleme öncesi düzeylere ulaştığı bulundu. MDA düzeyleri beslemeden sonraki ilk ve 5. saat örneklerinde önemli düzeyde düşüş gösterdi ve 7. saatten sonra artmaya başlayarak 12 saatten 24. saate kadar alınan örneklerde önemli düzeyde arttığı tespit edildi. AOP beslemeden sonraki 3. ve 9. saatlerde önemli oranda artarken, 5, 7 ve 12. saatlerde önemli oranda azaldığı bulundu.

Sonuç olarak, koyunlarda kan metabolik profil ile oksidan-antioksidan dengenin beslemeden sonra geçen zamana bağlı olarak değişmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioksidan, Kortizol, Glutamin, Metabolik profil, Oksidan, Koyun.

Determination of Changes in Some Biochemical Parameters and Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance After Food Intake in Sheep

Öz

Daily variations in the concentration of urea, glutamine, glucose, cortisone, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant potential (AOP) were evaluated in the blood of sheep fed once a day. The study was carried out on 10 Anatolian Merinos sheep, average 1.5 years old and healthy. Animals were fed once per day with 61.3 % forage and 38.7 % concentrate mixture throughout the experimental period for 15 days. The blood samples were taken from the animals at first hour before and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 18 and 24th hours after feeding. Urea concentration decreased at first hour after feeding compared to before feeding and started augmentation after that and reached to levels before feeding at 12th hour after feeding. Glucose concentration increased at first hour after feeding compared to before feeding and started decline after that and reached to levels before feeding at 5th hour after feeding. Glutamine and cortisone concentrations decreased from at first hour to at 7th hour after feeding compared to before feeding and reached to levels before feeding at 7th hour after feeding. MDA levels decreased at first and 5th hours after feeding compared to before feeding and started increasing after 7th hour and reached significantly higher levels than before feeding in samples taken from at 12th hour to at 24th hour after feeding. While AOP increased at 3th and 9th hours after feeding, it decreased at 5, 7 and 12th hours after feeding. We concluded that the blood metabolic profiles and oxidant and antioxidant balance in sheep vary depending on time after feeding. In order to maximize the diagnostic value of these the blood metabolic profiles, the most suitable time for blood collection seems to be just before the feeding in sheep fed once a day.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant, Cortisone, Glutamine, Metabolic profile, Oxidant, Sheep.

Kaynakça

• Altıntaş A, Fidancı UR. Evcil hayvanlarda ve insanlarda kanın biyokimyasal normal değerleri. AÜ Vet. Fak. Derg. 1993. 40(2):173 – 186 Antunovic Z, Novoselec J, Sauerweın H, Speranda M, Vegara M, Pavı V. Blood metabolic profile and some of hormones concentration in ewes during different physiological status. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci. Agric. Acad. 2011. 17(5);687-695. Antunović Z, Šperanda M and Steiner Z. The influence of age and the reproductive status to the blood indicators of the ewes. Arch. Tierzucht Dumm. 2004. 47: 265-273. Bulbul A, Bulbul T, Kucukersan S, Sireli M, Eryavuz A. Effects of dietary supplementation of organic and inorganic Zn, Cu and Mn oxidant/antioxidant balance in laying hens. Kafkas Uni. Vet. Fak. Derg. 2008. 14(1);19-24. Caldeira RM, Almeida MA, Santos CC, Vasques MI and Vaz Portugal A. Daily variation in blood enzymes and metabolites in ewes under three levels of feed intake. Can J Anim Sci. 1999. 79, 157–164. Colditz IG, Ferguson DM, Greenwood PL, Doogan VJ, Petherick JC and Kilgour RJ. Regrouping unfamiliar animals in the weeks prior to slaughter has few effects on physiology and meat quality in Bos taurus feedlot steers. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 2007. 47, 763–769. Curley KO JR, Neuendorff DO, Lewis AW, Cleere JJ, Welsh TH Jr and Randel RR. Functional characteristics of the bovine hypothalamic-pituitary axis vary with temperament. Horm. Behav. 2008. 53, 20–27. Deetz LE and Wangsness PJ. Influence of in-trajugular administration of insulin, glucagon and propi-onate on voluntary feed intake of sheep. J.Anim. Sci. 1981. 53, 427-433. Draper HH, Hadley M. Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol. 1990. 186: 421-30. Dundar Y, Aslan R. Hekimlikte oksidatif stress ve antioksidanlar. 112 pages, T.C. Afyon Kocatepe Universitesi Yayın No: 29, Uyum Ajans, Ankara. 2000.
• Eryavuz A, Dundar Y, Özdemir M, Aslan R, Tekerli M. Effects of adding urea and sulfur on performance of faunate and defaunate Ramlic lambs, and some rumen and blood parameters. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 2003. 109; 35-46. Eryavuz A, Küçükkurt İ, İnce S, Fidan AF, Avcı A, Bülbül T. Kuzularda rasyona Yucca schidigera tozu katılması ve günlük dozunun rumen fermentasyonu ile verime etkilerinin araştırılması. Kocatepe Vet. J. 2015. 8(2): 1-10. Eryavuz A. Defaunasyonun ruminantların sindirimine etkileri. Hayv. Araş. Derg. 2000. 10 (1-2); 78-84. Eryavuz A, Avcı G, Çelık HA, Kucukkurt I. Plasma leptin, insulin, glucose and urea concentrations throughout lactation in dairy cows. Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy. 2008. 52 (3), 381-385. Froetschel MA, Martin AC, Amos HE, Evans JJ. Effects of zinc sulfate concentration and feeding frequency on ruminal protozoal numbers, fermentation patterns and amino acid passage in steers. J. Anim. Sci. 1990. 68; 2874-2884. Gonano CV, Montanholi YR, Schenkel FS, Smith BA, Cant JP, Miller SP. The relationship between feed efficiency and the circadian profile of blood plasma analytes measured in beef heifers at different physiological stages. Animal, 2014. 8(10); 1684-1698. Herdt, THW Rumbeiha and WE Braselton. The use of blood analyses to evaluate mineral status in livestock. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 2000. 16: 423-444. Huntington G.B. Starch utilization by ruminants: from basics to the bunk. J. Anim. Sci. 1997. 75, 852-867. Knott SA, Cummins LJ, Dunshea FR, Leury BJ. Feed efficiency and body composition are related to cortisol response to adrenocorticotropin hormone and insulin-induced hypoglycemia in rams. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 2010. 39; 137-146. Koracevic D, Koracevic G, Djordjevic V, Andrejevic S, Cosic V. Method fort he measurment of antioxidant activity in human fluids. J. Clin. Pathol. 2001. 54:356-361. Kutlu, H. R., Serbester, U. Ruminant beslemede son gelişmeler. Turkish J Agric. Food Sci. Technol. 2014. 2(1); 18-37. Lee AJ, Twardock, AR, Bubar, RH, Hall, J.E. and Davis, C.L. Blood metabolic profiles: their use and relation to nutritional status of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1978. 61: 1652–1670. Montanholi YR, Palme R, Haas LS, Swanson KC, VanderVoort G and Miller SP. On the relationships between glucocorticoids and feed efficiency in beef cattle. Livestock Science. 2013.155, 130–136. Montanholi YR, Swanson KC, Palme R, Schenkel FS, McBride BW, Lu D, Miller SP. Assessing feed efficiency in beef steers through feeding behavior, infrared thermography and glucocorticoids. Animal. 2010. 4, 692–701. Möstl E and Palme R. Hormones as indicators of stress. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 2002. 23, 67–74. National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids. 6th. ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 384 p. (2007). Newsholme P, Procopio J, Ramos Lima MM, Pithon-Curi TC & Curi R. Glutamine and glutamate–their central role in cell metabolism and function. Cell Biochem Funct. 2003. 21, 1-9. Nikkhah A, Furedi CJ, Kennedy AD, Crow G, Plaizier JC. Effects of feed delivery time on feed intake, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and productivity of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2008. 91, 1–12. Nikkhah A. Bioscience of ruminant intake evolution: feeding time models. Adv. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2011. 2; 271-274. Remond D, Chaise JP, Delval E, Poncet C. Net flux of metabolites across the ruminal wall of sheep fed. J. Anim. Sci. 1993, 71: 2529-2538. Van der Schoor, SRJB Van Goudoever, B Stoll, JF Henry, JR Rosenberger, DG Burrin and PJ Reeds. The pattern of intestinal subtrate oxidation is altered by protein restriction in pigs. Gastroenterology. 2001. 121: 1167- 1175. Weimer PJ. Manipulating ruminal fermentation: a microbial ecological perspective. J. Anim. Sci. 1998. 76, 3114–3122. Wright G, Noiret L Damink SWMO and Jalan R. Interorgan ammonia metabolism in liver failure: the basis of current and future therapies. Liver Int. 2010. 31; 163-175.