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Oğlaklarda Giardiazis Kontrolüne Yönelik Oral Klinoptilolit Uygulaması

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 158 - 163, 01.03.2017

Öz

Bu çalışma doğal zeolit olan klinoptilolitin oğlaklarda doğal yolla oluşan giardiazise karşı terapötik etkinliğinin belirlenmesi
amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Aydın ilinde yer alan bir keçi işletmesinde ishal anamnezi bulunan G. duodenalis ile doğal enfekte
her iki cinsiyetten ve 19-41 günlük yaştaki 16 oğlak çalışma kapsamına alındı. Oğlaklar her grupta n=8 olacak şekilde
randomize olarak 2 ayrı gruba ayrılarak I. gruba 1 g/kg dozda 10 gün oral yolla klinoptilolit uygulanırken, II. gruptaki
olgulara hiçbir ilaç uygulaması yapılmayarak kontrol grubu olarak bırakıldı. Oğlaklarda klinoptilolitin terapötik etkinliği 0. ve
10. günlerde rektumdan direkt olarak toplanan dışkı numunelerinin mikroskobik muayenesiyle değerlendirildi. Gram
dışkıda kist atılımındaki azalma değerlendirildiğinde klinoptilolit giardiazise karşı 10. günde kist atılımında %95 etkinlik
sağladı. Buna karşın kontrol grubunda 0. gün ile (165832) 10. günlerde (162096) kist atılımının geometrik ortalamalarındaki
azalmanın yeterli olmadığı görüldü. Sonuç olarak giardiazisli oğlaklarda oral yolla 10 gün uygulanan klinoptilolitin kist
atılımını etkin şekilde azaltılmasına yardımcı olduğu söylenebilir.

Kaynakça

  • Adam RD. The Giardia lamblia genome. Int J Parasitol. 2000; 30(4): 475-484.
  • Alıç Ural D, Aysul N, Gültekin M. Buzağılarda Oral Yolla Klinoptilolit Uygulamasının Doğal Yolla Oluşan Giardiazis’e Karşı Etkinliği. Kocatepe Vet J. 2016; 9(4): 288- 293.
  • Aloisio F, Filippini G, Antenucci P, Lepri E, Pezzotti G. Severe weight loss in lambs infected with Giardia duodenalis assemblage. Vet Parasitol. 2006; 142(1): 154-158.
  • Anonim 1997. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monogr aphs/ vol68/mono68-11.pdf (1997); Erişim tarihi: 04.09.2015.
  • Anonim 2013. http://zeolife.eu/wpcontent/ uploads/2016/12/EU-No-651- 2013.pdf; Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2013.
  • Anonim 2015. http://www.webmineral.com; Erişim tarihi: 04.09.2015.
  • Ayan A, Ural K, Aysul N, Gültekin M, Erdoğan H, Balıkçı C, Toplu S, Toros G. Natural Cyst Shedding in Calves Infected with Giardia Duodenalis. JAVST. 2016; 1(1): 14-19.
  • Castro-Hermida JA, Almeida A, González- Warleta M, Correia da Costa JM, Rumbo-Lorenzo C. Occurrence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis in healthy adult domestic ruminants. Parasitol Res. 2007; 101(5): 1443-1448.
  • Craun GF. Waterborne giardiasis in the United States: a review. Am J Public Health. 1979; 817-819.
  • Dacovic A, Tomacevic-Canovic M, Dondur V, Vujakovic A, Radosevic P. Kinetics of aflatoxin B1 and G2 adsorption on Caclinoptilolite. J Serb Chem Soc. 2000; 65(10):715–723.
  • Dobell C. The discovery of the intestinal protozoa of man. Proc R Soc Med. 1920; 13: 1–15.
  • Elliot AD, Dong-ke Z. Controlled release zeolite fertilizers: a value added product produced from fly ash. In: World of Coal Ash Conference (WOCA), April 11-15, Kentucky, USA. 2005.
  • Farizawati S, Lim YA, Ahmad RA, Fatimah CT, Siti-Nor Y. Contribution of cattle farms towards river contamination with Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in Sungai Langat Basin. Trop Biomed. 2005; 22(2): 89-98.
  • Farthing M. Giardia comes of age: progress in epidemiology, immunology and chemotherapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1992; 30(5): 563–566.
  • Feng Y, Xiao L. Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011; 24(1): 110-140.
  • Grce M, Pavelić K. Antiviral properties of clinoptilolite. Micropor Mesopor Mat. 2005; 79(1): 165-169.
  • Gultekin M, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Balikci C, Akyildiz G. The efficacy of chloroquine treatment of Giardia duodenalis infection in calves. Vlaams Diergeneeskd Tijdschr. 2016; 85(6): 335- 341.
  • Gultekin M, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Balikci C, Akyildiz G. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in dogs in Aydin, Turkey. Int J Environ Health Res. 2017; 1-8.
  • Ivkovic S, Deutsch U, Silberbach A, Walraph E, Mannel M. Dietary supplementation with the tribomechanically activated zeolite clinoptilolite in immunodeficiency: effects on the immune system. Adv Ther. 2004; 21(2): 135-147.
  • Jephcott AE, Begg NT, Baker IA. Outbreak of giardiasis associated with mains water in the United Kingdom. Lancet. 1986; 327(8483): 730–732.
  • Jha B, Singh DN. A review on synthesis, characterization and industrial application of fly ash zeolites. J Mater Edu. 2011; 33(1–2): 65–132.
  • Jha B, Singh DN. Zeolitization characteristics of a fly ash from wet- and dry- disposal systems. Acta Geotech Slov. 2012; 9(2): 63–71.
  • Karademir U, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Toplu S, Ortlek O, Balıkci C, Kunyeli A, Erdogan H. The efficacy of chloroquine treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in lambs. Rev MVZ Córdoba. 2016; 21(2): 5328-5335.
  • Katic M, Bosnjak B, Gall-Troselj K, Dikic I, Pavelic K. A clinoptilolite effect on cell media and the consequent effects on tumor cells in vitro. Front Biosci. 2006; 11(2): 1722-1732.
  • Katsoulos PD, Roubies N, Panousis N, Karatzias H. Effects of long-term feeding dairy cows on a diet supplemented with clinoptilolite on certain serum trace elements. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2005; 108(1): 137-145.
  • Katsoulos P, Panousis N, Roubies N, Christaki E, Arsenos G, Karatzias H. Effects of long-term feeding of a diet supplemented with clinoptilolite to dairy cows on the incidence of ketosis, milk yield and liver function. Vet Rec. 2006; 159: 415-418.
  • Katsoulos PD, Zarogiannis S, Roubies N, Christodoulopoulos G. Effect of longterm dietary supplementation with clinoptilolite on performance and selected serum biochemical values in dairy goats. Am J Vet Res. 2009; 70(3): 346-352.
  • Lim YA, Mahdy MA, Tan TK, Goh XT, Jex AR. First molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis from goats in Malaysia. Mol Cell Probes. 2013; 27(1): 28-31.
  • Milenković JK, Hrenović JJ, Goić-Barišić IS, Tomić MD, Rajić NZ. Antibacterial activity of copper-containing clinoptilolite/PVC composites toward clinical isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii. J Serb Chem Soc. 2015; 80(6): 819-826.
  • Mohri M, Seifi HA, Maleki M. Effects of shortterm supplementation of clinoptilolite in colostrum and milk on the concentration of some serum minerals in neonatal dairy calves. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2008; 123(1- 3): 116-123.
  • Mojzis J, Nistiar F, Kovac G, Mojzisova G. Preventive effect of zeolite in VX poisoning in rats. Vet Med. 1993; 39(8): 443-449.
  • Mück-Šeler D, Pivac N. The effect of natural clinoptilolite on the serotonergic receptors in the brain of mice with mammary carcinoma. Life Sci. 2003; 73(16): 2059- 2069.
  • Nistiar F, Hrusovský J, Mojzis J, Mizik P. Distribution of dichlorvos in the rat and the effect of clinoptilolite on poisoning. Vet Med. 1984; 29(11): 689-698.
  • O'Handley RM, Olson ME, Fraser D, Adams P, Thompson RC. Prevalence and genotypic characterisation of Giardia in dairy calves from Western Australia and Western Canada. Vet Parasitol. 2000; 90(3): 193-200.
  • Pavelić K, Hadžija M, Bedrica L, Pavelić J, Ðikić I, Katić M, Križanac Š. Natural zeolite clinoptilolite: new adjuvant in anticancer therapy. J Mol Med. 2001; 78(12): 708-720.
  • Pond WG, Yen JT. Protection by clinoptilolite or zeolite NaA against cadmium-induced anemia in growing swine. Ex Biol Med. 1983; 173(3): 332-337.
  • Rodriguez-Fuentes G, Barrios MA, Iraizoz A, Perdomo I, Cedre B. Enterex: Antidiarrheic drug based on purified natural clinoptilolite. Zeo. 1997; 19(5-6): 441-448.
  • Ruiz A, Foronda P, González JF, Guedes A, Abreu-Acosta N. Occurrence and genotype characterization of Giardia duodenalis in goat kids from the Canary Islands, Spain. Vet Parasitol. 2008; 154(1): 137-141.
  • Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia species and genotypes in sheep in Maryland. Vet Parasitol. 2007; 146(1): 17-24.
  • Scott MA, Kathleen AC, Dutta PK. Handbook of zeolite science and technology. CRC Press, New York. 2003; pp. 1204.
  • Spotti M, Fracchiolla ML, Arioli F, Caloni F, Pompa G. Aflatoxin B1 binding to sorbents in bovine ruminal fluid. Vet Res Commun. 2005; 29(6): 507–515.
  • Tomacevic-Canovic M, Dacovic A, Markovic V, Stojcic D. The effect of exchangeable cations in clinoptilolite and montmorillonite on the adsorption of aflatoxin B1. J Serb Chem Soc. 2001; 66(8): 555-561.
  • Top A, Ülkü S. Silver, zinc, and copper exchange in a Na-clinoptilolite and resulting effect on antibacterial activity. Appl Clay Sci. 2004; 27(1–2): 13–19.
  • Toplu S, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Gültekin M, Balıkçı C. Giardia Sp. İle Doğal İnfekte Buzağılarda Hipomagnezemi. Kocatepe Vet J. 2016; 9(4): 386-390.
  • Trout JM, Santín M, Greiner E, Fayer R. Prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis in post-weaned dairy calves. Vet Parasitol. 2005; 130(3): 177-183.
  • Trout JM, Santín M, Greiner EC, Fayer R. Prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis in 1-2 year old dairy cattle. Vet Parasitol. 2006; 140(3): 217-222.
  • Trout JM, Santín M, Fayer R. Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis genotypes in adult dairy cows. Vet Parasitol. 2007; 147(3): 205-209.
  • Ural K, Aysul N, Voyvoda H, Ulutas B, Aldemir OS, Eren H. Single dose of secnidazole treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in Sakiz lambs. Rev MVZ Córdoba. 2014; 19(1): 4023-4032.
  • Zarcovic N, Zarcovic K, Kralj M, Borovic S, Sabolovic S, Blazi MP, Pavelic K. Anticancer and antioxidative effects of micronized zeolite clinoptilolite. Anticancer Res. 2003; 23(2): 1589-1596.

Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 158 - 163, 01.03.2017

Öz

The present study was established in an attempt to interpret treapeutic efficacy of clinoptilolite against naturally occurring
giardiasis in goat kids. A total of sixteen goat kids naturally infected with G. duodenalis at the age of 19 to 41 days, of both
sexes were enrolled into the study from a goat farm located in Aydin province. Goat kids were randomly assigned into two
groups (n=8), whereas group I received oral clinoptilolite at a dosage of 1 g/kg for 10 days, goat kids in group II were left
as control without receiving any drug. Therapeutic efficacy of clinoptilolite was determined by microscopical
interpretation of faecal samples collected from the rectum directly on days 0 and 10. Interpretation of the percentage
reduction in cyst excretion revealed clinoptilolite efficacy as 95% on day 10. Indeed geometric means of the number of
excreted cysts were not reduced sufficiently in control group between day 0 (165832) and 10 (162096). In conclusion, it
might be suggested that oral administration of clinoptilolite for 10 days may have helped significant reduction the excretion
of cysts in goat kids with giardiasis.

Kaynakça

  • Adam RD. The Giardia lamblia genome. Int J Parasitol. 2000; 30(4): 475-484.
  • Alıç Ural D, Aysul N, Gültekin M. Buzağılarda Oral Yolla Klinoptilolit Uygulamasının Doğal Yolla Oluşan Giardiazis’e Karşı Etkinliği. Kocatepe Vet J. 2016; 9(4): 288- 293.
  • Aloisio F, Filippini G, Antenucci P, Lepri E, Pezzotti G. Severe weight loss in lambs infected with Giardia duodenalis assemblage. Vet Parasitol. 2006; 142(1): 154-158.
  • Anonim 1997. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monogr aphs/ vol68/mono68-11.pdf (1997); Erişim tarihi: 04.09.2015.
  • Anonim 2013. http://zeolife.eu/wpcontent/ uploads/2016/12/EU-No-651- 2013.pdf; Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2013.
  • Anonim 2015. http://www.webmineral.com; Erişim tarihi: 04.09.2015.
  • Ayan A, Ural K, Aysul N, Gültekin M, Erdoğan H, Balıkçı C, Toplu S, Toros G. Natural Cyst Shedding in Calves Infected with Giardia Duodenalis. JAVST. 2016; 1(1): 14-19.
  • Castro-Hermida JA, Almeida A, González- Warleta M, Correia da Costa JM, Rumbo-Lorenzo C. Occurrence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis in healthy adult domestic ruminants. Parasitol Res. 2007; 101(5): 1443-1448.
  • Craun GF. Waterborne giardiasis in the United States: a review. Am J Public Health. 1979; 817-819.
  • Dacovic A, Tomacevic-Canovic M, Dondur V, Vujakovic A, Radosevic P. Kinetics of aflatoxin B1 and G2 adsorption on Caclinoptilolite. J Serb Chem Soc. 2000; 65(10):715–723.
  • Dobell C. The discovery of the intestinal protozoa of man. Proc R Soc Med. 1920; 13: 1–15.
  • Elliot AD, Dong-ke Z. Controlled release zeolite fertilizers: a value added product produced from fly ash. In: World of Coal Ash Conference (WOCA), April 11-15, Kentucky, USA. 2005.
  • Farizawati S, Lim YA, Ahmad RA, Fatimah CT, Siti-Nor Y. Contribution of cattle farms towards river contamination with Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in Sungai Langat Basin. Trop Biomed. 2005; 22(2): 89-98.
  • Farthing M. Giardia comes of age: progress in epidemiology, immunology and chemotherapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1992; 30(5): 563–566.
  • Feng Y, Xiao L. Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011; 24(1): 110-140.
  • Grce M, Pavelić K. Antiviral properties of clinoptilolite. Micropor Mesopor Mat. 2005; 79(1): 165-169.
  • Gultekin M, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Balikci C, Akyildiz G. The efficacy of chloroquine treatment of Giardia duodenalis infection in calves. Vlaams Diergeneeskd Tijdschr. 2016; 85(6): 335- 341.
  • Gultekin M, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Balikci C, Akyildiz G. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in dogs in Aydin, Turkey. Int J Environ Health Res. 2017; 1-8.
  • Ivkovic S, Deutsch U, Silberbach A, Walraph E, Mannel M. Dietary supplementation with the tribomechanically activated zeolite clinoptilolite in immunodeficiency: effects on the immune system. Adv Ther. 2004; 21(2): 135-147.
  • Jephcott AE, Begg NT, Baker IA. Outbreak of giardiasis associated with mains water in the United Kingdom. Lancet. 1986; 327(8483): 730–732.
  • Jha B, Singh DN. A review on synthesis, characterization and industrial application of fly ash zeolites. J Mater Edu. 2011; 33(1–2): 65–132.
  • Jha B, Singh DN. Zeolitization characteristics of a fly ash from wet- and dry- disposal systems. Acta Geotech Slov. 2012; 9(2): 63–71.
  • Karademir U, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Toplu S, Ortlek O, Balıkci C, Kunyeli A, Erdogan H. The efficacy of chloroquine treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in lambs. Rev MVZ Córdoba. 2016; 21(2): 5328-5335.
  • Katic M, Bosnjak B, Gall-Troselj K, Dikic I, Pavelic K. A clinoptilolite effect on cell media and the consequent effects on tumor cells in vitro. Front Biosci. 2006; 11(2): 1722-1732.
  • Katsoulos PD, Roubies N, Panousis N, Karatzias H. Effects of long-term feeding dairy cows on a diet supplemented with clinoptilolite on certain serum trace elements. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2005; 108(1): 137-145.
  • Katsoulos P, Panousis N, Roubies N, Christaki E, Arsenos G, Karatzias H. Effects of long-term feeding of a diet supplemented with clinoptilolite to dairy cows on the incidence of ketosis, milk yield and liver function. Vet Rec. 2006; 159: 415-418.
  • Katsoulos PD, Zarogiannis S, Roubies N, Christodoulopoulos G. Effect of longterm dietary supplementation with clinoptilolite on performance and selected serum biochemical values in dairy goats. Am J Vet Res. 2009; 70(3): 346-352.
  • Lim YA, Mahdy MA, Tan TK, Goh XT, Jex AR. First molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis from goats in Malaysia. Mol Cell Probes. 2013; 27(1): 28-31.
  • Milenković JK, Hrenović JJ, Goić-Barišić IS, Tomić MD, Rajić NZ. Antibacterial activity of copper-containing clinoptilolite/PVC composites toward clinical isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii. J Serb Chem Soc. 2015; 80(6): 819-826.
  • Mohri M, Seifi HA, Maleki M. Effects of shortterm supplementation of clinoptilolite in colostrum and milk on the concentration of some serum minerals in neonatal dairy calves. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2008; 123(1- 3): 116-123.
  • Mojzis J, Nistiar F, Kovac G, Mojzisova G. Preventive effect of zeolite in VX poisoning in rats. Vet Med. 1993; 39(8): 443-449.
  • Mück-Šeler D, Pivac N. The effect of natural clinoptilolite on the serotonergic receptors in the brain of mice with mammary carcinoma. Life Sci. 2003; 73(16): 2059- 2069.
  • Nistiar F, Hrusovský J, Mojzis J, Mizik P. Distribution of dichlorvos in the rat and the effect of clinoptilolite on poisoning. Vet Med. 1984; 29(11): 689-698.
  • O'Handley RM, Olson ME, Fraser D, Adams P, Thompson RC. Prevalence and genotypic characterisation of Giardia in dairy calves from Western Australia and Western Canada. Vet Parasitol. 2000; 90(3): 193-200.
  • Pavelić K, Hadžija M, Bedrica L, Pavelić J, Ðikić I, Katić M, Križanac Š. Natural zeolite clinoptilolite: new adjuvant in anticancer therapy. J Mol Med. 2001; 78(12): 708-720.
  • Pond WG, Yen JT. Protection by clinoptilolite or zeolite NaA against cadmium-induced anemia in growing swine. Ex Biol Med. 1983; 173(3): 332-337.
  • Rodriguez-Fuentes G, Barrios MA, Iraizoz A, Perdomo I, Cedre B. Enterex: Antidiarrheic drug based on purified natural clinoptilolite. Zeo. 1997; 19(5-6): 441-448.
  • Ruiz A, Foronda P, González JF, Guedes A, Abreu-Acosta N. Occurrence and genotype characterization of Giardia duodenalis in goat kids from the Canary Islands, Spain. Vet Parasitol. 2008; 154(1): 137-141.
  • Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia species and genotypes in sheep in Maryland. Vet Parasitol. 2007; 146(1): 17-24.
  • Scott MA, Kathleen AC, Dutta PK. Handbook of zeolite science and technology. CRC Press, New York. 2003; pp. 1204.
  • Spotti M, Fracchiolla ML, Arioli F, Caloni F, Pompa G. Aflatoxin B1 binding to sorbents in bovine ruminal fluid. Vet Res Commun. 2005; 29(6): 507–515.
  • Tomacevic-Canovic M, Dacovic A, Markovic V, Stojcic D. The effect of exchangeable cations in clinoptilolite and montmorillonite on the adsorption of aflatoxin B1. J Serb Chem Soc. 2001; 66(8): 555-561.
  • Top A, Ülkü S. Silver, zinc, and copper exchange in a Na-clinoptilolite and resulting effect on antibacterial activity. Appl Clay Sci. 2004; 27(1–2): 13–19.
  • Toplu S, Ural K, Aysul N, Ayan A, Gültekin M, Balıkçı C. Giardia Sp. İle Doğal İnfekte Buzağılarda Hipomagnezemi. Kocatepe Vet J. 2016; 9(4): 386-390.
  • Trout JM, Santín M, Greiner E, Fayer R. Prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis in post-weaned dairy calves. Vet Parasitol. 2005; 130(3): 177-183.
  • Trout JM, Santín M, Greiner EC, Fayer R. Prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis in 1-2 year old dairy cattle. Vet Parasitol. 2006; 140(3): 217-222.
  • Trout JM, Santín M, Fayer R. Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis genotypes in adult dairy cows. Vet Parasitol. 2007; 147(3): 205-209.
  • Ural K, Aysul N, Voyvoda H, Ulutas B, Aldemir OS, Eren H. Single dose of secnidazole treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in Sakiz lambs. Rev MVZ Córdoba. 2014; 19(1): 4023-4032.
  • Zarcovic N, Zarcovic K, Kralj M, Borovic S, Sabolovic S, Blazi MP, Pavelic K. Anticancer and antioxidative effects of micronized zeolite clinoptilolite. Anticancer Res. 2003; 23(2): 1589-1596.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ
Yazarlar

Deniz Alıç Ural Bu kişi benim

Hasan Erdoğan Bu kişi benim

Songül Toplu Bu kişi benim

Adnan Ayan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2017
Kabul Tarihi 13 Temmuz 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Ural, D. A., Erdoğan, H., Toplu, S., Ayan, A. (2017). Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 10(3), 158-163.
AMA Ural DA, Erdoğan H, Toplu S, Ayan A. Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids. kvj. Eylül 2017;10(3):158-163.
Chicago Ural, Deniz Alıç, Hasan Erdoğan, Songül Toplu, ve Adnan Ayan. “Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10, sy. 3 (Eylül 2017): 158-63.
EndNote Ural DA, Erdoğan H, Toplu S, Ayan A (01 Eylül 2017) Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10 3 158–163.
IEEE D. A. Ural, H. Erdoğan, S. Toplu, ve A. Ayan, “Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids”, kvj, c. 10, sy. 3, ss. 158–163, 2017.
ISNAD Ural, Deniz Alıç vd. “Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10/3 (Eylül 2017), 158-163.
JAMA Ural DA, Erdoğan H, Toplu S, Ayan A. Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids. kvj. 2017;10:158–163.
MLA Ural, Deniz Alıç vd. “Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, c. 10, sy. 3, 2017, ss. 158-63.
Vancouver Ural DA, Erdoğan H, Toplu S, Ayan A. Application of Oral Clinoptilolite İntended For Prevention of Giardiasis in Goat Kids. kvj. 2017;10(3):158-63.

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