Afrika Gri Papağanlarına (Psittacus erithacus) Ait Dökülmüş Tüy Örneklerinin İki Yöntem ile DNA Kaynağı Olarak CHDW ve CHDZ Genlerinin Moleküler Analizi ile Cinsiyet Tanımlamasında Kullanımının Araştırılması
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 40 - 44, 01.03.2018
Kozet Avanus
,
Lora Koenhemsı
Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı Afrika gri papağanlarında (Psittacus erithacus) cinsiyet tayininde kullanmak üzere dökülmüş tüylerden DNA izolasyonunda iki metodun (metot 1 ve metot 2) etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesidir. Oniki tanesi üç aya kadar saklanmış; iki tanesi dışkıyla kontamine, ayrıca sekiz tanesi beş aya kadar saklanmış; biri dışkıyla kontamine olmak üzere toplam yirmi papağana ait dökülmüş tüy örnekleri kullanılmıştır. Üç aya kadar saklanmış ve dışkıdan ari on adet dökülmüş tüyden metot 1 ile genomik DNA başarı ile elde edilmiştir. Cinsiyet ayırımı kromo helikaz-bağlanma bölgesi genlerinin (CHDW ve CHDZ) çoğaltılması ile iki dişi sekiz erkek olarak sonuçlanmıştır. Ancak genomik DNA metot 1 ile dışkı ile kontamine olmuş tüyler ile birlikte beş aya kadar saklanmış olan tüylerin hiçbirinden, ayrıca metot 2 ile tüy örneklerinin tamamından elde edilememiştir. Dökülmüş tüylerin dışkı ile kontaminasyonu ve tazeliği cinsiyet tayininin başarısını etkilemektedir. Sonuç olarak metot 1, Afrika gri papağanlarında temiz ve taze dökülmüş tüylerden DNA izolasyonu yapılarak cinsiyet tayininde kullanılabilir.
Kaynakça
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- Bush KL, Vinsky MD, Aldridge CL, Paszkowski CA. A comparison of sample types varying in invasiveness for use in DNA sex determination in an endangered population of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Conserv Genet. 2005; 6: 867-870.
- Cerit H, Avanus K. Sex determination by CHDW and CHDZ genes of avian sex chromosomes in Nymphicus hollandicus. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2007a; 31(6): 371-374.
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- Ellegren H. First gene on the avian W chromosome (CHD) provides a tag for universal sexing of non-ratite birds. Proc R Soc Lond. 1996; 263: 1635-1641.
- Ellegren H. Hens, cocks and avian sex determination. A quest for genes on Z or W? EMBO Rep. 2001; 2: 192-196.
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- Griffiths R, Double MC, Orr K, Dawson RGJ. A DNA test to sex most birds. Mol Ecol. 1998; 7: 1071-1075.
- Griffiths R, Korn RM. A CHD1 gene is Z chromosome linked in the chicken Gallus domesticus. Gene. 1997; 197: 225-229.
- Griffiths R, Tiwari, B. Sex of the last wild Spix’s macaw. Nature. 1995; 375: 454.
- Griffiths R., Tiwari B. The isolation of molecular genetic markers for the identification of sex. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1993; 90: 83248326.
- Handley LJ, Ceplitis H, Ellegren H. Evolutionary strata on the chicken Z chromosome: implications for sex chromosome evolution. Genetics. 2004; 167: 367-376.
- Harvey MG, Bonter DN, Stenzler LM, Lovette IJ. A comparison of plucked feathers versus blood samples as DNA sources for molecular sexing. J Field Ornithol. 2006; 77(2):136–140.
- Heinsohn R, Legge S, Barry S. Extreme bias in sex allocation in Eclectus parrots. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1997; 264: 1325-1329.
- Saino N, Ellegren H, Moller AP. No evidence for adjustment of sex allocation in relation to paternal ornamentation and paternity in barn swallows. Mol Ecol. 1999; 8: 399-406.
- Stevanov-Pavlovic M, Vucicevic M, Bosnjak J, Stevanovic J, Dimitrijevic V, Resanovic R, Stanimirovic Z. Molecular sex determination of 20 bird species protected in The Republic of Serbia. Acta Vet (Beogr) 2013; 63: 45-51.
- Suriyaphol G, Kunnasut N, Sirisawadi S, Wanasawaeng W, Dhitavat S. Evaluation of dried blood spot collection paper blotters for avian sexing by direct PCR. Br Poult Sci. 2014; 55: 321-328.
- Trewick SA. On the skewed sex ratio of the Kakapo Strigops habroptilus: sexual and natural selection in opposition? Ibis. 1996; 139: 652-663.
- Vucicevic M, Stevanov-Pavlovic M, Stevanovic J, Bosnjak J,Gajic B, Aleksic N, Stanimirovic Z. Sex determination in 58 bird species and evaluation of CHD gene as a universal molecular marker in bird sexing. Zoo Biol. 2013; 32: 269–276.
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 40 - 44, 01.03.2018
Kozet Avanus
,
Lora Koenhemsı
Kaynakça
- Anonymous. http://diagnostics1.com/ MANUAL/General_Qiagen.pdf; Accesion date; 20.09.2017 Anonymous. https://tools.thermofisher.com/ content/sfs/manuals/purelink_genomic_man.pdf; Accesion date; 18.09.2017
- Bosnjak J, Stevanov-Pavlovic M, Vucicevic M, Stevanovic J, Simeunovic P, Resanovic R, Stanimirovic Z. Feasibility of non-invasive molecular method for sexing of parrots. Pakistan J Zool. 2013; 45(3): 715-720.
- Bush KL, Vinsky MD, Aldridge CL, Paszkowski CA. A comparison of sample types varying in invasiveness for use in DNA sex determination in an endangered population of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Conserv Genet. 2005; 6: 867-870.
- Cerit H, Avanus K. Sex determination by CHDW and CHDZ genes of avian sex chromosomes in Nymphicus hollandicus. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2007a; 31(6): 371-374.
- Cerit H, Avanus K. Sex identification in avian species using DNA typing methods. Worlds Poult Sci. 2007b; 63: 91-99.
- Ellegren H, Carmichael A. Multiple and independent cessation of recombination between avian sex chromosomes. Genetics. 2001; 158: 325-331.
- Ellegren H. First gene on the avian W chromosome (CHD) provides a tag for universal sexing of non-ratite birds. Proc R Soc Lond. 1996; 263: 1635-1641.
- Ellegren H. Hens, cocks and avian sex determination. A quest for genes on Z or W? EMBO Rep. 2001; 2: 192-196.
- Fridolfsson A, Ellegren H. A simple and universal method for molecular sexing of nonratite birds. J Avian Biol. 1999; 30: 116–121.
- Fridolfsson AK, Ellegren H. Molecular evolution of the avian CHD1 genes on the Z and W sex chromosomes. Genetics. 2000; 155: 1903-1912.
- Griffiths R, Double MC, Orr K, Dawson RGJ. A DNA test to sex most birds. Mol Ecol. 1998; 7: 1071-1075.
- Griffiths R, Korn RM. A CHD1 gene is Z chromosome linked in the chicken Gallus domesticus. Gene. 1997; 197: 225-229.
- Griffiths R, Tiwari, B. Sex of the last wild Spix’s macaw. Nature. 1995; 375: 454.
- Griffiths R., Tiwari B. The isolation of molecular genetic markers for the identification of sex. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1993; 90: 83248326.
- Handley LJ, Ceplitis H, Ellegren H. Evolutionary strata on the chicken Z chromosome: implications for sex chromosome evolution. Genetics. 2004; 167: 367-376.
- Harvey MG, Bonter DN, Stenzler LM, Lovette IJ. A comparison of plucked feathers versus blood samples as DNA sources for molecular sexing. J Field Ornithol. 2006; 77(2):136–140.
- Heinsohn R, Legge S, Barry S. Extreme bias in sex allocation in Eclectus parrots. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1997; 264: 1325-1329.
- Saino N, Ellegren H, Moller AP. No evidence for adjustment of sex allocation in relation to paternal ornamentation and paternity in barn swallows. Mol Ecol. 1999; 8: 399-406.
- Stevanov-Pavlovic M, Vucicevic M, Bosnjak J, Stevanovic J, Dimitrijevic V, Resanovic R, Stanimirovic Z. Molecular sex determination of 20 bird species protected in The Republic of Serbia. Acta Vet (Beogr) 2013; 63: 45-51.
- Suriyaphol G, Kunnasut N, Sirisawadi S, Wanasawaeng W, Dhitavat S. Evaluation of dried blood spot collection paper blotters for avian sexing by direct PCR. Br Poult Sci. 2014; 55: 321-328.
- Trewick SA. On the skewed sex ratio of the Kakapo Strigops habroptilus: sexual and natural selection in opposition? Ibis. 1996; 139: 652-663.
- Vucicevic M, Stevanov-Pavlovic M, Stevanovic J, Bosnjak J,Gajic B, Aleksic N, Stanimirovic Z. Sex determination in 58 bird species and evaluation of CHD gene as a universal molecular marker in bird sexing. Zoo Biol. 2013; 32: 269–276.