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Keçi Sütünde Bazı Kalite Parametreleri İçin Metot Validasyonu

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4, 357 - 361, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.783002

Öz

Keçi sütü insan sağlığı ve beslenmesinde büyük öneme sahiptir. Kimyasal özelliklerinden dolayı, keçi sütü, çok çeşitli ürünlerin üretiminde kullanılabilir. Bu çalışmada, Şam keçisinin sütündeki yağ, yağsız kuru madde (YKM), laktoz, protein oranı, elektriksel iletkenlik, donma noktası ve yoğunluk analizi için kolay ve hızlı bir yöntem geçerli kılınmıştır. Operatörler tarafından tespit edilen tekrarlanabilirlik değerleri, laktoz için 4.65 ve 4.68; protein için 3.10; yağ için 4.38 ve 4.33; YKM için 8.52 ve 8.55 olmuştur. Aynı değerler tekrarüretilebilirlik için sırasıyla, 4.78; 3.17 ve 3.18; 4.38 ve 4.39; 8.73 ve 8.75 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmaya konu olan tüm parametrelerde, operatörler tarafından elde edilen veriler arasındaki farklılık önemli olmamıştır (P>0.05). Horwitz oranı (HorRat) tekrar üretilebilirlik için karşılaştırma yapılmasında kullanılmıştır. HorRat değerlerinin 2'den küçük olması istenir. Bu çalışmada ölçülen tüm parametrelerde belirlenen HorRat değerleri 0.25 ile 0.94 arasında olmuştur. Son olarak, her bir parametre için birleşik belirsizlik ve genişletilmiş belirsizlik hesaplanmıştır. Böylelikle, bu çalışma, bazı süt kalite parametrelerinin analizleri için hızlı ve güvenilir bir protokol sağlamıştır. Geçerli kılınmış yöntem yaklaşımının kullanımının uygunluğu ve avantajları hakkında bilgi edinmek amacıyla, farklı keçi sütü bileşenleri için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Costa MP, Frasao BS, Silva ACO, Freitas MQ, Franco RM, Conte-Junior CA. Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) pulp, probiotic, and prebiotic: Influence on color, apparent viscosity, and texture of goat milk yogurts. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2015; 98(9):5995-6003.
  • 2. Franzoi M, Niero G, Penasa M, Cassandro M, De Marchi M. Development and validation of a new method for the quantification of soluble and micellar calcium, magnesium, and potassium in milk. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2018; 101(3):1883-1888.
  • 3. González AG, Herrador MÁ. A practical guide to analytical method validation, including measurement uncertainty and accuracy profiles. Trac-Trend Anal Chem 2007; 26(3):227-238.
  • 4. Anonymous. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guide: Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology. Q2 (R1) 2005; 1:1-15.
  • 5. Hopfgartner G. Bioanalytical method validation: How much should we do and how should we document?. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2020; 412:531-532
  • 6. Leite M, Freitas A, Silva AS, Barbosa J, Ramos F. Maize (Zea mays L.) and mycotoxins: A review on optimization and validation of analytical methods by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Trends Food Sci Tech 2020; 99:542-565
  • 7. Lu J, Zhang Y, Song B, Zhang S, Pang X, Sari RN, Lv J. Comparative analysis of oligosaccharides in Guanzhong and Saanen goat milk by using LC–MS/MS. Carbohydr. Polym. 2020; 235:115965.
  • 8. Luna P, Bach A, Juárez M, De La Fuente MA. Effect of a diet enriched in whole linseed and sunflower oil on goat milk fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid isomer profile. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2008; 91(1):20-28.
  • 9. Magnusson B, Örnemark U. Eurachem Guide: The fitness for purpose of analytical methods – A laboratory guide to method validation and related topics, 2nd Ed., Eurachem. 2014.
  • 10. Martı́n-Diana AB, Janer C, Peláez C, Requena T. Development of a fermented goat's milk containing probiotic bacteria. Int. Dairy J. 2003; 13(10):827-833.
  • 11. Mazzaglia A, Legarov V, Giaquinta R, Lanza CM, Restuccia C. The influence of almond flour, inulin and whey protein on the sensory and microbiological quality of goat milk yogurt. LWT 2020; 124:109138.
  • 12. Mohamed R, Zainudin BH, Yaakob AS. Method validation and determination of heavy metals in cocoa beans and cocoa products by microwave assisted digestion technique with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 303:125392.
  • 13. Niero G, Penasa M, Currò S, Masi A, Trentin AR, Cassandro M, De Marchi M. Development and validation of a near infrared spectrophotometric method to determine total antioxidant activity of milk. Food Chem 2017; 220:371-376.
  • 14. Ribeiro AC, Ribeiro SDA. Specialty products made from goat milk. Small Ruminant Res 2010; 89(2-3):225-233.
  • 15. Schettino B, Vega S, Gutiérrez R, Escobar A, Romero J, Domínguez González-Ronquillo M. Fatty acid profile of goat milk in diets supplemented with chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.). Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2017; 100(8):6256-6265.
  • 16. Serhan M, Mattar J, Debs L. Concentrated yogurt (Labneh) made of a mixture of goats’ and cows’ milk: Physicochemical, microbiological and sensory analysis. Small Ruminant Res 2016; 138:46-52.
  • 17. Silanikove N, Leitner G, Merin U, Prosser CG. Recent advances in exploiting goat's milk: quality, safety and production aspects. Small Ruminant Res 2010; 89(2-3):110-124.
  • 18. Slačanac V, Božanić R, Hardi J, Rezessyné Szabó JUDIT, Lučan M, Krstanović V. Nutritional and therapeutic value of fermented caprine milk. Int. J. Dairy Technol. 2010; 63(2):171-189.
  • 19. Thompson M, Ellison SL, Wood R. The International Harmonized Protocol for the proficiency testing of analytical chemistry laboratories (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. 2006; 78(1):145-196.
  • 20. Yakan A, Özkan H, Şakar AE, Ateş CT, Ünal N, Koçak Ö, Özbeyaz C. Milk yield and quality traits in different lactation stages of Damascus goats: Concentrate and pasture based feeding systems. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2019; 66: 117-29

A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4, 357 - 361, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.783002

Öz

Goat milk has great importance in human health and nutrition. It may be used to manufacture wide variety of products due to its chemical characteristics. In this study, an easy and quick method for the analysis of fat, fat-free dry matter (FFDM), lactose, protein percentage, electrical conductivity, freezing point and density in milk was validated. The repeatability values determined by the operators were 4.65 and 4.68 for lactose; 3.10 for protein, 4.38 and 4.33 for fat; 8.52 and 8.55 for FFDM. The same values for reproducibility were 4.78; 3.17 and 3.18; 4.38 and 4.39; 8.73 and 8.75, respectively. There was no significant difference between the data obtained by the operators in all parameters subject to the study (P>0.05). Horwitz ratio (HorRat) was used as comparison for reproducibility. HorRat values are required to be less than 2. HorRat values determined in all parameters measured in this study were between 0.25 and 0.94. Finally, the expanded uncertainty and the combined standard uncertainty were calculated. By the way, the present study provided a fast, and reliable protocol for these analysis. Further research is needed to gain knowledge on the suitability and advantages of the usage of validated method approach for different goat milk components.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Costa MP, Frasao BS, Silva ACO, Freitas MQ, Franco RM, Conte-Junior CA. Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) pulp, probiotic, and prebiotic: Influence on color, apparent viscosity, and texture of goat milk yogurts. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2015; 98(9):5995-6003.
  • 2. Franzoi M, Niero G, Penasa M, Cassandro M, De Marchi M. Development and validation of a new method for the quantification of soluble and micellar calcium, magnesium, and potassium in milk. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2018; 101(3):1883-1888.
  • 3. González AG, Herrador MÁ. A practical guide to analytical method validation, including measurement uncertainty and accuracy profiles. Trac-Trend Anal Chem 2007; 26(3):227-238.
  • 4. Anonymous. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guide: Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology. Q2 (R1) 2005; 1:1-15.
  • 5. Hopfgartner G. Bioanalytical method validation: How much should we do and how should we document?. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2020; 412:531-532
  • 6. Leite M, Freitas A, Silva AS, Barbosa J, Ramos F. Maize (Zea mays L.) and mycotoxins: A review on optimization and validation of analytical methods by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Trends Food Sci Tech 2020; 99:542-565
  • 7. Lu J, Zhang Y, Song B, Zhang S, Pang X, Sari RN, Lv J. Comparative analysis of oligosaccharides in Guanzhong and Saanen goat milk by using LC–MS/MS. Carbohydr. Polym. 2020; 235:115965.
  • 8. Luna P, Bach A, Juárez M, De La Fuente MA. Effect of a diet enriched in whole linseed and sunflower oil on goat milk fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid isomer profile. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2008; 91(1):20-28.
  • 9. Magnusson B, Örnemark U. Eurachem Guide: The fitness for purpose of analytical methods – A laboratory guide to method validation and related topics, 2nd Ed., Eurachem. 2014.
  • 10. Martı́n-Diana AB, Janer C, Peláez C, Requena T. Development of a fermented goat's milk containing probiotic bacteria. Int. Dairy J. 2003; 13(10):827-833.
  • 11. Mazzaglia A, Legarov V, Giaquinta R, Lanza CM, Restuccia C. The influence of almond flour, inulin and whey protein on the sensory and microbiological quality of goat milk yogurt. LWT 2020; 124:109138.
  • 12. Mohamed R, Zainudin BH, Yaakob AS. Method validation and determination of heavy metals in cocoa beans and cocoa products by microwave assisted digestion technique with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 303:125392.
  • 13. Niero G, Penasa M, Currò S, Masi A, Trentin AR, Cassandro M, De Marchi M. Development and validation of a near infrared spectrophotometric method to determine total antioxidant activity of milk. Food Chem 2017; 220:371-376.
  • 14. Ribeiro AC, Ribeiro SDA. Specialty products made from goat milk. Small Ruminant Res 2010; 89(2-3):225-233.
  • 15. Schettino B, Vega S, Gutiérrez R, Escobar A, Romero J, Domínguez González-Ronquillo M. Fatty acid profile of goat milk in diets supplemented with chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.). Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2017; 100(8):6256-6265.
  • 16. Serhan M, Mattar J, Debs L. Concentrated yogurt (Labneh) made of a mixture of goats’ and cows’ milk: Physicochemical, microbiological and sensory analysis. Small Ruminant Res 2016; 138:46-52.
  • 17. Silanikove N, Leitner G, Merin U, Prosser CG. Recent advances in exploiting goat's milk: quality, safety and production aspects. Small Ruminant Res 2010; 89(2-3):110-124.
  • 18. Slačanac V, Božanić R, Hardi J, Rezessyné Szabó JUDIT, Lučan M, Krstanović V. Nutritional and therapeutic value of fermented caprine milk. Int. J. Dairy Technol. 2010; 63(2):171-189.
  • 19. Thompson M, Ellison SL, Wood R. The International Harmonized Protocol for the proficiency testing of analytical chemistry laboratories (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. 2006; 78(1):145-196.
  • 20. Yakan A, Özkan H, Şakar AE, Ateş CT, Ünal N, Koçak Ö, Özbeyaz C. Milk yield and quality traits in different lactation stages of Damascus goats: Concentrate and pasture based feeding systems. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2019; 66: 117-29
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Veteriner Cerrahi
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ
Yazarlar

İrem Karaaslan 0000-0002-7485-192X

Baran Çamdeviren 0000-0003-1508-7869

Hüseyin Özkan 0000-0001-5753-8985

Akın Yakan 0000-0002-9248-828X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Kabul Tarihi 19 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Karaaslan, İ., Çamdeviren, B., Özkan, H., Yakan, A. (2020). A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 13(4), 357-361. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.783002
AMA Karaaslan İ, Çamdeviren B, Özkan H, Yakan A. A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk. kvj. Aralık 2020;13(4):357-361. doi:10.30607/kvj.783002
Chicago Karaaslan, İrem, Baran Çamdeviren, Hüseyin Özkan, ve Akın Yakan. “A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 13, sy. 4 (Aralık 2020): 357-61. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.783002.
EndNote Karaaslan İ, Çamdeviren B, Özkan H, Yakan A (01 Aralık 2020) A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 13 4 357–361.
IEEE İ. Karaaslan, B. Çamdeviren, H. Özkan, ve A. Yakan, “A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk”, kvj, c. 13, sy. 4, ss. 357–361, 2020, doi: 10.30607/kvj.783002.
ISNAD Karaaslan, İrem vd. “A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 13/4 (Aralık 2020), 357-361. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.783002.
JAMA Karaaslan İ, Çamdeviren B, Özkan H, Yakan A. A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk. kvj. 2020;13:357–361.
MLA Karaaslan, İrem vd. “A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, c. 13, sy. 4, 2020, ss. 357-61, doi:10.30607/kvj.783002.
Vancouver Karaaslan İ, Çamdeviren B, Özkan H, Yakan A. A Method Validation Procedure for Some Quality Parameters in Goat Milk. kvj. 2020;13(4):357-61.

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