İsviçre Esmeri ineklerde geçiş döneminde vitamin, iz element uygulamalarının fertiliteye etkisinin araştırılması

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 113 - 122, 31.03.2021

Murat Yazlık Mehmet Rıfat Vural Şükrü Küplülü Mert Pekcan

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.856991

Öz

Bu çalışmada geçiş dönemi boyunca vitamin ve iz element enjeksiyonlarının, klinik-biyokimyasal parametreler, periparturent dönem sorunları ile fertilite parametrelerinin üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Altmış inek, iz element ve vitamin enjeksiyonu yapılanlar (n=30) ve kontrol grubu (n=30) olarak rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı. Vitamin ve iz element enjeksiyonları kuru döneme girişte, doğumdan 21 gün önce, doğumun gerçekleştiği gün ve doğumu izleyen (30±5). günlerde gerçekleştirildi. Enerji, protein, karaciğer metabolizması belirteçleri ile mineral düzeyleri doğum öncesi 7±4. gün, doğum sonrası 3±2. gün ve 30±5. günlerde ölçüldü. Genital organ muayeneleri doğum sonrası 30±5. günde gerçekleştirildi. Uygulama grubundaki inekler kontrol grubundakilere kıyasla doğum öncesi 7±4 günde daha düşük glikoz, toplam protein, üre ve daha yüksek NEFA konsantrasyonu gösterdi. Vitamin ve iz element uygulamasının serum kalsiyum ve fosfor düzeylerine etkisi önemli düzeydeydi. Doğum sonrası 150. günde toplam gebelik oranı uygulama ve kontrol gruplarında sırasıyla % 95.8 ve % 59.09 olarak saptandı (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak, iz element ve vitamin uygulanan ineklerde toplam gebelik oranının belirgin olarak arttığı ve uygulamaların enerji, iyon metabolizması ve karaciğer fonksiyonlarını olumlu etkilediği belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vitamin ve iz element, geçiş dönemi, fertilite

Effect of Injectable Vitamin and Trace Element Administrations During Transition Period on Fertility in Brown Swiss Dairy Cows

Öz

This study examined the effects of injectable vitamin and trace element combination during the transition period on clinical-biochemical parameters and reproductive performance in Brown Swiss dairy cows. Sixty multiparous cows were randomly allocated two groups as trace element-vitamin treated (n=30) and control (n=30). Animals received four injections at the beginning of the dry period, 21 days before parturition, the day of parturition, and postpartum 30±5 days. Energy, protein, hepatic metabolism markers, blood mineral levels concentrations were measured at -7±4 days antepartum, 3±2 days, and 30±5 days postpartum. Genital tract examinations were performed at 30±5 day postpartum. Treated cows showed lower glucose, total protein, urea, and greater NEFA concentration -7±4 days relative to calving. Effect of vitamin and trace element on serum calcium and phosphorus levels were significant. The total pregnancy rate was 95.8% and 59.09%, in treatment and control groups respectively at 150 days postpartum (P<0.05). In conclusion, trace element and vitamin supplementation increased pregnancy rate significantly and treatment positively affected energy, ion metabolism, and hepatic function.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vıtamin and trace element, transition period, Fertility

Kaynakça

• Avcı C, Kızıl O. The effects of injectable trace elements on metabolic parameters in transition cow. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2013; 19: 73-78.
• Bach, A, Pinto A, Blanch M. Association between chelated trace mineral supplementation and milk yield, reproductive performance, and lameness in dairy cattle. Livest Sci. 2015; 182: 69-75.
• Bell AW. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. J Anim Sci. 1995; 73: 2804-2819.
• Bertoni G, Trevisi E. Use of the liver activity index and other metabolic variables in the assessment of metabolic health in dairy herds. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Prac. 2013; 29: 413-431.
• Bicalho MLS, Lima FS, Ganda EK, Foditsch C, Meira EBS, Machado VS, Bicalho RC. Effect of trace mineral supplementation on selected minerals, energy metabolites, oxidative stress, and immune parameters and its association with uterine diseases in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 2014; 97, 4281-4295.
• Bruss ML. Lipids and ketones, In: Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals, Ed; KanekoJ, HarveyJW, BrussML, 6th Ed., Academic Press, New York, USA. 1997; pp.86–105.
• Campbell MH, Miller JK, Schrick FN. Effect of additional cobalt, copper, manganese, and zinc on reproduction and milk yield of lactating dairy cows receiving bovine somatotropin. J Dairy Sci. 1999;82:1019-1025.
• Cavestany D, Blanch JE, Kulcsar M, Uriarte G, Chilibroste P, Meikle A, Febel H, Ferraris A, Krall E. Studies of the transition cow under a pasture-based milk production system metabolic profiles. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2005; 52:1–7.
• Chamberlin WG, Middleton JR, Spain JN, Johnson GC, Ellersieck MR, Pithua P. Subclinical hypocalcemia, plasma biochemical parameters, lipid metabolism, postpartum disease, and fertility in postparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013; 96:7001-7013.
• Chandra G, Aggarwal A, Kumar M, Singh AK. Effect of zinc and vitamin E supplementation on hormones and blood biochemicals in peri-partum Sahiwal cows. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2018; 50:489-497.
• Cifuentes M, Albala C, Rojas C. Calcium-sensing receptor expression in human adipocytes. Endocrinol. 2005; 146:2176-2179.
• Contreras GA, O’Boyle NJ, Herdt TH, Sordillo LM. Lipomobilization in periparturient dairy cows influences the composition of plasma nonesterified fatty acids and leukocyte phospholipid fatty acids. J Dairy Sci. 2010; 93:2508-2516.
• Drackley JK, Andersen JB. Splanchnic metabolism of long-chain fatty acids in ruminants. In: Ruminant physiology digestion, metabolism and impact of nutrition on gene expression, immunology and stress, Ed; SejrsenK, HvelplundT, NielsenMO, 1st Ed., Academic Publishers, Wageningen, Holland. 2006; pp. 199-224.
• Drackley JK, Dann HM, Douglas N, Guretzky NAJ, Litherland NB, Underwood JP, Loor JJ. Physiological and pathological adaptations in dairy cows that may increase susceptibility to periparturient diseases and disorders. Ital J Anim Sci. 2005; 4:323-344.
• Drackley JK, Overton TR, Douglas NG. Adaptationsof glucose and long chain fatty acid metabolism in liver of dairycows during the periparturient period. J Dairy Sci. 2001; 84:100-112.
• Faes MR, Caldas-Bussiere MC, Viana KS, Dias BL, Costa FR, Escocard RM. Nitric oxide regulates steroid synthesis by bovine antral granulosa cells in a chemically defined medium. Anim Reprod Sci. 2009; 110(3-4):222-236.
• Ferguson JD, Galligan DT, Thomsen N. Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 1994; 77:2695-2703.
• Galvão KN, Flaminio M, Brittin SB, Sper R, Fraga M, Caixeta L, Gilbert RO. Association between uterine disease and indicators of neutrophil and systemic energy status in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2010; 93(7):2926-2937.
• Goff JP. Calcium and magnesium disorders. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Prac. 2014; 30:359-381.
• González FD, Muiño R, Pereira V, Campos R, Benedito JL. Relationship among blood indicators of lipomobilization and hepatic function during early lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. J Vet Sci. 2011; 12:251-255.
• Griffiths LM, Loeffler SH, Socha MT, Tomlinson DJ, Johnson AB. Effects of supplementing complexed zinc, manganese, copper and cobalt on lactation and reproductive performance of intensively grazed lactating dairy cattle on the South Island of New Zealand. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2007; 137:69-83.
• Hayırlı A, Grummer RR, Nordheim EV, Crump PM. Animal and dietary factors affecting feed intake during the prefresh transition periods in Holsteins. J Dairy Sci. 2002; 85:3430-3443.
• Heins BJ, Hansen LB, Seykora AJ. Calving difficulty and stillbirths of pure Holsteins versus crossbreds of Holstein with Normande, Montbeliarde, and Scandinavian Red. J Dairy Sci. 2006; 89:2805-2810.
• Hoedemaker H, Prange D, Gundelach Y. Body condition change ante- and postpartum, health and reproductive performance in German Holstein cows. Reprod Dom Anim. 2009; 44:167-173.
• Hoedemaker M, Prange D, Zerbe H, Frank J, Daxenberger A, Meyer HHD. Peripartal propylene glycol supplementation and metabolism, animal health, fertility, and production in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2004; 87:2136-2145.
• Joksimović Todorović M, Davidović V. Changes in white blood pictures and some biochemical parameters of dairy cows in peripartum period and early lactation. Mljekarstvo. 2012; 62(2):151-158.
• LeBlanc SJ. Monitoring programs for transition dairy cows, In: Proc 26th World Biuatrics Congress, Nice, France. 2006; pp. 460-472.
• Little MW, O'Connell NE, Welsh MD, Mulligan FJ, Ferris CP. Concentrate supplementation of a diet based on medium-quality grass silage for 4 weeks prepartum Effects on cow performance, health, metabolic status, and immune function. J Dairy Sci. 2017; 100:4457-4474.
• Machado VS, Bicalho MLS, Pereira RV, Caixeta LS, Knauer WA, Oikonomou G, Bicalho R. C. Effect of an injectable trace mineral supplement containing selenium, copper, zinc, and manganese on the health and production of lactating Holstein cows. Vet J. 2013; 197:451-456.
• Machado VS, Oikonomou G, Lima SF, Bicalho MLS, Kacar C, Foditsch C, Bicalho RC. The effect of injectable trace minerals (selenium, copper, zinc, and manganese) on peripheral blood leukocyte activity and serum superoxide dismutase activity of lactating Holstein cows.  Vet J. 2014; 200(2):299-304.
• Martinez N, Risco CA, Lima FS, Bisinotto RS, Greco LF, Ribeiro ES, Santos JEP. Evaluation of peripartal calcium status, energetic profile, and neutrophil function in dairy cows at low or high risk of developing uterine disease. J Dairy Sci. 2012; 95:7158-7172.
• McArt JA, Nydam DV, Oetzel GR. Epidemiology of subclinical ketosis in early lactation dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci,  2012; 95:505-566.
• Nayyar S, Gill VK, Malik VS, Roy KS, Singh R. Vitamin E and selenium improve the blood biochemical composition of anoestrus buffalo heifers. Indian J Anim Sci, 2003; 73:654-656.
• NRC. Minerals, In: Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, Ed; Grossblatt N, 7th Ed., National Acadamy of Science, Washington, DC, USA. 2001: pp. 105-162.
• Ospina PA, Nydam DV, Stokol T, Overton TR. Association between the proportion of sampled transition cows with increased nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate and disease incidence, pregnancy rate, and milk production at the herd level. J Dairy Sci. 2010; 93:3595-3601.
• Ömür A, Kırbaş A, Aksu E, Kandemir F, Dorman E, Kaynar O, Uçar O. Effects of antioxidant vitamins (A, D, E) and trace elements (Cu, Mn, Se, Zn) on some metabolic and reproductive profiles in dairy cows during transition period. Pol J Vet Sci. 2016; 19(4):697-706.
• Pogge DJ, Richter EL, Drewnoski ME, Hansen SL. Mineral concentrations of plasma and liver after injection with a trace mineral complex differ among Angus and Simmental cattle. J Anim Sci. 2012; 90:2692-2698.
• Politis I. Reevaluation of vitamin E supplementation of dairy cows bio-availability, animal health and milk quality. Animal. 2012; 6:1427–1434.
• Pontes GCS, Monteiro PLJ, Prata AB, Guardieiro MM, Pinto DAM, Fernandes GO, Sartori R. Effect of injectable vitamin E on incidence of retained fetal membranes and reproductive performance of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2015;  98:2437-2449.
• Salak-Johnson JL, McGlone JJX. Making sense of apparently conflicting data Stress and immunity in swine and cattle. J Anim Sci. 2015; 85:81-88.
• Sales JNS, Pereira RVV, Bicalho RC, Baruselli PS. Effect of injectable copper, selenium, zinc and manganese on the pregnancy rate of crossbred heifers (Bos indicus× Bos taurus) synchronized for timed embryo transfer. Livest Sci. 2011; 142:59-62.
• Sayeed MM. Exuberant Ca2+ signaling in neutrophils a cause for concern. Physiology. 2000; 15:130-136.
• Scalia D, Lacetera N, Bernabucci U, Demeyere K, Duchateau L, Burvenich C. In vitro effects of nonesterified fatty acids on bovine neutrophils oxidative burst and viability. J Dairy Sci. 2006; 89:147-154.
• Schäfers S, Von Soosten D, Meyer U, Drong C, Frahm J, Tröscher A, Dänicke S. Influence of conjugated linoleic acids and vitamin E on biochemical, hematological, and immunological variables of dairy cows during the transition period. J Dairy Sci. 2018; 101:1585-1600.
• Silvia WJ, McGinnis AS, Hatler TB. A comparison of adrenal gland function in lactating dairy cows with or without ovarian follicular cysts. Reprod Biol. 2005; 5:19-29.
• Sordillo LM, Aitken SL. Impact of oxidative stress on the health and immune function of dairy cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009; 128:104–109,.
• Stapleton SR. Selenium an insulin mimetic. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000; 57(13-14):1874-1879.
• Strang BD, Bertics SJ, Grummer RR, Armentano LE. Effect of long-chain fatty acids on triglyceride accumulation, gluconeogenesis, and ureagenesis in bovine hepatocytes. J Dairy Sci. 1998; 81:728–739.
• Tafuri S, Ciani F, Iorio EL, Esposito L, Cocchia N. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and male fertility. In: New discoveries in embryology, Ed; WuB, 1st Ed., INTECH, Croatia 2015; 19-33.
• Tanaka T, Arai M, Ohtani S, Uemura S, Kuroiwa T, Kim S, Kamomae H. Influence of parity on follicular dynamics and resumption of ovarian cycle in postpartum dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 2008; 108:134-143.
• Webb R, Nicholas B, Gong JG, Campbell BK, Gutierrez CG, Garverick HA, Armstrong DG. Mechanisms regulating follicular development and selection of the dominant follicle. Reprod Suppl. 2003; 61:71–90.
• Williams EJ, Fischer DP, Pheiffer DU, England GCW, Noakes DE, Dobson H, Sheldon IM. Clinical evaluation of postpartum vaginal mucus reflects uterine bacterial infection and the immune response in cattle. Theriogenology. 2005; 63:102-117.
• Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH. Contribution of selected vitamins and trace elements to immune function. Ann Nutr Metab. 2007; 51(4):301-323.