Araştırma Makalesi
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İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 160 - 172, 29.12.2025

Öz

Yeşil ve dijital dönüşümün eşzamanlı yükselişi, ekonomik ve çevresel süreçlerde büyük veri üretimini artırmakta, bu da kişisel verilerin korunması açısından yeni riskler ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışma, ikiz dönüşümün veri ekosistemini, sürdürülebilirlik raporlaması, MRV sistemleri, Nesnelerin İnterneti tabanlı izleme ve yapay zekâ uygulamaları ekseninde incelemektedir. Literatür taraması ve kurumsal politika analizleri temel alınarak, birey, firma ve devlet düzeyinde ortaya çıkan yeni kişisel veri türleri ve mahremiyet riskleri belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, veri anonimleştirme ve minimizasyonu uygulamalarının yetersiz kaldığını, mevcut hukuki çerçevenin ise ikiz dönüşümle uyumlu politikaları henüz yeterince kapsamadığını göstermektedir. Çalışma, Türkiye özelinde veri koruma ve sürdürülebilirlik politikalarının entegrasyonu için stratejik öneriler sunmakta ve gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalar için yön göstermektedir.

Etik Beyan

Çalışmanın tüm süreçlerinin araştırma ve yayın etiğine uygun olduğunu, etik kurallara ve bilimsel atıf gösterme ilkelerine uyduğumu beyan ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, D., & Restrepo, P. (2019). Automation and new tasks: How technology displaces and reinstates labor. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(2), 3–30.
  • Batty, M. (2018). Inventing future cities. MIT Press.
  • Bibri, S.E. (2019). On the sustainability of smart and smarter cities in the era of big data: an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary literature review. Journal of Big Data, 6(1), 26.
  • Bradford, A. (2020). The Brussels effect: How the European Union rules the world. Oxford University Press.
  • Cate, F. H., & Mayer-Schönberger, V. (2013). Notice and consent in a world of Big Data. International Data Privacy Law, 3(2), 67-73.
  • Chen, X., Wang, X., Colacelli, A., Lee, M., & Xie, L. (2025). Electricity demand and grid impacts of AI data centers: Challenges and prospects. arXiv.
  • de Montjoye, Y.-A., Hidalgo, C. A., Verleysen, M., & Blondel, V. D. (2013). Unique in the crowd: The privacy bounds of human mobility. Scientific Reports, 3, 1376.
  • Egli, F., Steffen, B., & Schmidt, T. S. (2018). A dynamic analysis of financing conditions for renewable energy technologies. Nature Energy, 3(12), 1084-1092.
  • European Commission. (2022a). Directive (EU) 2022/2464 (CSRD). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32022L2464
  • European Commission. (2022b). Twin transition: Green and digital transformation in Europe. https://commission.europa.eu
  • European Commission. (2022c). Regulatıon (EU) 2022/868 Of the European Parliament and f the Council of 30 May 2022 On European Data Governance and Amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1724 (Data Governance Act). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32022R0868
  • European Commission. (2023a). Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2772 — ESRS standards. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2023/2772/oj
  • European Commission. (2023b). Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2023 on harmonised rules on fair access to and use of data and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2394 and Directive (EU) 2020/1828 (Data Act) (Text with EEA relevance. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L_202302854&qid=1766409110100
  • European Data Protection Board (EDPB). (2021). Guidelines 01/2020 on connected vehicles and mobility applications (v.2.0). https://edpb.europa.eu
  • Giaconi, G., Gündüz, D., & Poor, H. V. (2018). Privacy Aware Smart Metering: Progress and Challenges. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 35(6), 58 69.
  • Global Greenhouse Gas Protocol (World Resources Institute & World Business Council for Sustainable Development). (2011). Corporate value chain (Scope 3) accounting and reporting standard. https://ghgprotocol.org/standards/scope-3-standard
  • Greenleaf, G. (2014). Asian data privacy laws: trade & human rights perspectives. Oup Oxford.
  • Haghshenas, K., Setz, B., Bloch, Y., & Aiello, M. (2022). Enough hot air: The role of immersion cooling. arXiv.
  • Hsu, A., Khoo, W., Goyal, N., & Wainstein, M. (2020). Next-generation digital ecosystem for climate data mining and knowledge discovery: a review of digital data collection technologies. Frontiers in big Data, 3, 29.
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2021). Net zero by 2050: A roadmap for the global energy sector. https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2023). Electricity 2023. https://www.iea.org/reports/electricity-2023
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2024), Renewables 2024, IEA, Paris https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2024
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2025). Energy & AI: Energy demand from AI. https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai/energy-demand-from-ai
  • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2019). 2019 refinement to the 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/2019-refinement-to-the-2006-ipcc-guidelines-for-national-greenhouse-gas-inventories/
  • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2022). Climate change 2022: Mitigation of climate change (AR6 WGIII). Cambridge University Press.
  • İzmirli, A. (2023). İş sürekliliğinin sağlanmasında bilişim teknolojilerinin etkisi.
  • Jia, J., Jin, G. Z., & Wagman, L. (2021). The short-run effects of the general data protection regulation on technology venture investment. Marketing Science, 40(4), 661-684.
  • Jones, N. (2018). How to stop data centres from gobbling up the world's electricity. Nature, 561(7722), 163–166.
  • Kamleitner, B., & Mitchell, V. (2019). Your data is my data: a framework for addressing interdependent privacy infringements. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 38(4), 433-450.
  • Klass, A. B., & Wilson, E. J. (2016). Remaking energy: The critical role of energy consumption data. Calif. L. Rev., 104, 1095.
  • Köhler, J., Geels, F. W., Kern, F., Markard, J., Onsongo, E., Wieczorek, A., et al. (2019). An agenda for sustainability transitions research: State of the art and future directions. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 31, 1–32.
  • Kua, J., Belayet Hossain, M., Natgunanathan, I., & Xiang, Y. (2023). Privacy Preservation in Smart Meters: Current Status, Challenges and Future Directions. Sensors, 23(7), 3697.
  • Masanet, E., Shehabi, A., Lei, N., Smith, S., & Koomey, J. (2020). Recalibrating global data center energy-use estimates. Science, 367(6481), 984–986.
  • Mattoo, A., & Meltzer, J. P. (2018). International data flows and privacy: The conflict and its resolution. Journal of International Economic Law, 21(4), 769-789.
  • McKenna, E., Richardson, I., & Thomson, M. (2012). Smart meter data: Balancing consumer privacy concerns with legitimate applications. Energy Policy, 41, 807–814.
  • Narayanan, A., & Shmatikov, V. (2008). Robust de-anonymization of large sparse datasets. In 2008 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (pp. 111–125). IEEE.
  • OECD. (2021). Navigating green and digital transitions. https://www.oecd.org/science/navigating-green-and-digital-transitions.pdf
  • Olajiga, O. K., Ani, E. C., Sikhakane, Z. Q., & Olatunde, T. M. (2024). A comprehensive review of energy-efficient lighting technologies and trends. Engineering Science & Technology Journal, 5(3), 1097-1111.
  • Rasoulzadeh Aghdam, S., Babaeimorad, B., Ghasemzadeh, B., Irani, M., & Huovila, A. (2025). Corrigendum: Social smart city research: interconnections between participatory governance, data privacy, artificial intelligence and ethical sustainable development. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 7, 1631538.
  • Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council (General Data Protection Regulation — GDPR). (2016). Official Journal of the European Union, L 119, 1–88. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679 Schwartz, P. M., & Peifer, K. N. (2017). Transatlantic data privacy law. Geo. LJ, 106, 115.
  • Swire, P., & Lagos, Y. (2013). Why the Right to Data Portability Likely Reduces ConsumerWelfare: Antitrust and Privacy. Critique Public Law and LegalTheoryWorking, Paper Series, (204).
  • Tan, Z., & Zhang, C. (2021). China’s PIPL and DSL: Is China following the EU’s approach to data protection?. Journal of Data Protection & Privacy, 5(1), 7-25.
  • UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). (2023). Nationally determined contributions synthesis report. https://unfccc.int
  • Van der Ven, H., & Sun, Y. (2021). Varieties of crises: comparing the politics of COVID-19 and climate change. Global Environmental Politics, 21(1), 13-22.
  • Van Zoonen, L. (2020). Data governance and citizen participation in the digital welfare state. Data & Policy, 2, e10.
  • Zuboff, S. (2019). The age of surveillance capitalism: The fight for a human future at the new frontier of power, edn. PublicAffairs, New York.

Data Security in the Light of the Twin Transition: Increasing Data Load and Privacy Risks in Green and Digital Transformation

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 160 - 172, 29.12.2025

Öz

The simultaneous rise of green and digital transformation has increased the generation of large-scale data in economic and environmental processes, creating new risks for personal data protection. This study examines the data ecosystem of the twin transition, focusing on sustainability reporting, MRV systems, IoT-based monitoring, and artificial intelligence applications. Based on a literature review and institutional policy analysis, new types of personal data and privacy risks emerging at the individual, firm, and state levels are identified. The findings indicate that current anonymization and data minimization practices are insufficient, and existing legal frameworks do not yet fully address policies compatible with the twin transition. The study provides strategic recommendations for integrating data protection and sustainability policies in Türkiye and offers guidance for future research in this field.

Etik Beyan

I hereby declare that all stages of this study comply with research and publication ethics, and that I have adhered to ethical principles and the standards of proper scholarly citation.

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, D., & Restrepo, P. (2019). Automation and new tasks: How technology displaces and reinstates labor. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(2), 3–30.
  • Batty, M. (2018). Inventing future cities. MIT Press.
  • Bibri, S.E. (2019). On the sustainability of smart and smarter cities in the era of big data: an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary literature review. Journal of Big Data, 6(1), 26.
  • Bradford, A. (2020). The Brussels effect: How the European Union rules the world. Oxford University Press.
  • Cate, F. H., & Mayer-Schönberger, V. (2013). Notice and consent in a world of Big Data. International Data Privacy Law, 3(2), 67-73.
  • Chen, X., Wang, X., Colacelli, A., Lee, M., & Xie, L. (2025). Electricity demand and grid impacts of AI data centers: Challenges and prospects. arXiv.
  • de Montjoye, Y.-A., Hidalgo, C. A., Verleysen, M., & Blondel, V. D. (2013). Unique in the crowd: The privacy bounds of human mobility. Scientific Reports, 3, 1376.
  • Egli, F., Steffen, B., & Schmidt, T. S. (2018). A dynamic analysis of financing conditions for renewable energy technologies. Nature Energy, 3(12), 1084-1092.
  • European Commission. (2022a). Directive (EU) 2022/2464 (CSRD). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32022L2464
  • European Commission. (2022b). Twin transition: Green and digital transformation in Europe. https://commission.europa.eu
  • European Commission. (2022c). Regulatıon (EU) 2022/868 Of the European Parliament and f the Council of 30 May 2022 On European Data Governance and Amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1724 (Data Governance Act). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32022R0868
  • European Commission. (2023a). Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2772 — ESRS standards. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2023/2772/oj
  • European Commission. (2023b). Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2023 on harmonised rules on fair access to and use of data and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2394 and Directive (EU) 2020/1828 (Data Act) (Text with EEA relevance. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L_202302854&qid=1766409110100
  • European Data Protection Board (EDPB). (2021). Guidelines 01/2020 on connected vehicles and mobility applications (v.2.0). https://edpb.europa.eu
  • Giaconi, G., Gündüz, D., & Poor, H. V. (2018). Privacy Aware Smart Metering: Progress and Challenges. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 35(6), 58 69.
  • Global Greenhouse Gas Protocol (World Resources Institute & World Business Council for Sustainable Development). (2011). Corporate value chain (Scope 3) accounting and reporting standard. https://ghgprotocol.org/standards/scope-3-standard
  • Greenleaf, G. (2014). Asian data privacy laws: trade & human rights perspectives. Oup Oxford.
  • Haghshenas, K., Setz, B., Bloch, Y., & Aiello, M. (2022). Enough hot air: The role of immersion cooling. arXiv.
  • Hsu, A., Khoo, W., Goyal, N., & Wainstein, M. (2020). Next-generation digital ecosystem for climate data mining and knowledge discovery: a review of digital data collection technologies. Frontiers in big Data, 3, 29.
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2021). Net zero by 2050: A roadmap for the global energy sector. https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2023). Electricity 2023. https://www.iea.org/reports/electricity-2023
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2024), Renewables 2024, IEA, Paris https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2024
  • IEA (International Energy Agency). (2025). Energy & AI: Energy demand from AI. https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai/energy-demand-from-ai
  • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2019). 2019 refinement to the 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/2019-refinement-to-the-2006-ipcc-guidelines-for-national-greenhouse-gas-inventories/
  • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2022). Climate change 2022: Mitigation of climate change (AR6 WGIII). Cambridge University Press.
  • İzmirli, A. (2023). İş sürekliliğinin sağlanmasında bilişim teknolojilerinin etkisi.
  • Jia, J., Jin, G. Z., & Wagman, L. (2021). The short-run effects of the general data protection regulation on technology venture investment. Marketing Science, 40(4), 661-684.
  • Jones, N. (2018). How to stop data centres from gobbling up the world's electricity. Nature, 561(7722), 163–166.
  • Kamleitner, B., & Mitchell, V. (2019). Your data is my data: a framework for addressing interdependent privacy infringements. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 38(4), 433-450.
  • Klass, A. B., & Wilson, E. J. (2016). Remaking energy: The critical role of energy consumption data. Calif. L. Rev., 104, 1095.
  • Köhler, J., Geels, F. W., Kern, F., Markard, J., Onsongo, E., Wieczorek, A., et al. (2019). An agenda for sustainability transitions research: State of the art and future directions. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 31, 1–32.
  • Kua, J., Belayet Hossain, M., Natgunanathan, I., & Xiang, Y. (2023). Privacy Preservation in Smart Meters: Current Status, Challenges and Future Directions. Sensors, 23(7), 3697.
  • Masanet, E., Shehabi, A., Lei, N., Smith, S., & Koomey, J. (2020). Recalibrating global data center energy-use estimates. Science, 367(6481), 984–986.
  • Mattoo, A., & Meltzer, J. P. (2018). International data flows and privacy: The conflict and its resolution. Journal of International Economic Law, 21(4), 769-789.
  • McKenna, E., Richardson, I., & Thomson, M. (2012). Smart meter data: Balancing consumer privacy concerns with legitimate applications. Energy Policy, 41, 807–814.
  • Narayanan, A., & Shmatikov, V. (2008). Robust de-anonymization of large sparse datasets. In 2008 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (pp. 111–125). IEEE.
  • OECD. (2021). Navigating green and digital transitions. https://www.oecd.org/science/navigating-green-and-digital-transitions.pdf
  • Olajiga, O. K., Ani, E. C., Sikhakane, Z. Q., & Olatunde, T. M. (2024). A comprehensive review of energy-efficient lighting technologies and trends. Engineering Science & Technology Journal, 5(3), 1097-1111.
  • Rasoulzadeh Aghdam, S., Babaeimorad, B., Ghasemzadeh, B., Irani, M., & Huovila, A. (2025). Corrigendum: Social smart city research: interconnections between participatory governance, data privacy, artificial intelligence and ethical sustainable development. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 7, 1631538.
  • Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council (General Data Protection Regulation — GDPR). (2016). Official Journal of the European Union, L 119, 1–88. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679 Schwartz, P. M., & Peifer, K. N. (2017). Transatlantic data privacy law. Geo. LJ, 106, 115.
  • Swire, P., & Lagos, Y. (2013). Why the Right to Data Portability Likely Reduces ConsumerWelfare: Antitrust and Privacy. Critique Public Law and LegalTheoryWorking, Paper Series, (204).
  • Tan, Z., & Zhang, C. (2021). China’s PIPL and DSL: Is China following the EU’s approach to data protection?. Journal of Data Protection & Privacy, 5(1), 7-25.
  • UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). (2023). Nationally determined contributions synthesis report. https://unfccc.int
  • Van der Ven, H., & Sun, Y. (2021). Varieties of crises: comparing the politics of COVID-19 and climate change. Global Environmental Politics, 21(1), 13-22.
  • Van Zoonen, L. (2020). Data governance and citizen participation in the digital welfare state. Data & Policy, 2, e10.
  • Zuboff, S. (2019). The age of surveillance capitalism: The fight for a human future at the new frontier of power, edn. PublicAffairs, New York.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Bulut Bilişim Güvenliği, Veri Güvenliği ve Korunması, Siber Güvenlik ve Gizlilik (Diğer), Kişisel Veriler ve Gizlilik
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mert Can Duman 0000-0002-6155-7633

Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Kasım 2025
Kabul Tarihi 29 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Duman, M. C. (2025). İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, 7(2), 160-172.
AMA Duman MC. İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi. Aralık 2025;7(2):160-172.
Chicago Duman, Mert Can. “İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri”. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi 7, sy. 2 (Aralık 2025): 160-72.
EndNote Duman MC (01 Aralık 2025) İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi 7 2 160–172.
IEEE M. C. Duman, “İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri”, Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 160–172, 2025.
ISNAD Duman, Mert Can. “İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri”. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi 7/2 (Aralık2025), 160-172.
JAMA Duman MC. İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi. 2025;7:160–172.
MLA Duman, Mert Can. “İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri”. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 160-72.
Vancouver Duman MC. İkiz Dönüşümün Işığında Veri Güvenliği: Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşümde Artan Veri Yükü ve Mahremiyet Riskleri. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi. 2025;7(2):160-72.