EVCİL GÜVERCİNLERDE (TAKLACI) KULUÇKA, YAŞAMA GÜCÜ VE BÜYÜME ÖZELLİKLERİ

Öz

Bu araştırma, taklacı güvercinlerde kuluçka süresi ve randımanı, yumurta verimi ve ağırlığı, yavru sayısı ve ağırlığı, ergin canlı ağırlık ve yaşama gücünün tespiti amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 1 Eylül 2006 - 1 Eylül 2007 tarihleri arasında Ankara’da 5 ticari işletmede yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada eşit sayıda erkek ve dişilerden oluşan toplam 200 taklacı güvercin kullanılmıştır. Dişi güvercinler 1 - 3; 4 - 6 ve 7 + olmak üzere 3 yaş grubunda incelenmiştir. Ortalama kuluçka süresi 19.49 ± 0.04 gün olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kuluçka süresine mevsimin etkisi önemli (P<0.001); ana yaşının etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. En yüksek kuluçka randımanı % 89.00 ve % 94 ile orta yaş ve yaz, en düşük randıman ise % 85.70 ve % 77.5 ile genç yaş ve ilkbahar mevsiminde bulunmuştur. Güvercin başına yumurta sayıları sonbahar, kış, ilkbahar ve yaz mevsiminde sırasıyla 4.31 ± 0.11; 3.59 ± 0.01; 3.76 ± 0.07 ve 2.00 ± 0.00 tespit edilmiş ve mevsimin etkisi önemli (P<0.001) olmuştur. Güvercin başına genç, orta yaşlı ve yaşlılarda yumurta sayıları sırasıyla, 3.40 ± 0.10; 3.46 ± 0.09; 3.43 ± 0.11 (P˃0.05) olmuştur. Yıllık yumurta sayısı genç, orta yaşlı ve yaşlılarda sırasıyla 13.68 ± 0.16; 13.55 ± 0.15 ve 13.72 ± 0.13 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama yumurta ağırlığı 16.85 ± 0.05 g, yumurta ağırlığına mevsimin etkisi önemli (P<0.01), ana yaşının etkisi önemsizdir. Bir, 16, 30 ve 60. günlerde yavrularda elde edilen ortalama canlı ağırlıklar sırasıyla 39.26 ± 0.79; 188.87 ± 0.47; 250.16 ± 0.52 ve 257.66 ± 0.16 g, mevsimin etkisi önemli (P<0.05, P<0.001), ana yaşının etkisi önemsizdir. Ergin canlı ağırlıklar dişi ve erkeklerde sırasıyla; 284.58 ± 1.19 ve 296.67 ± 1.13 g (P<0.001) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yavrularda yaşama gücü oranları 7., 30. ve 60. günlerde sırasıyla % 92.70; 74.40 ve 73.80 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yaşama gücüne mevsim ve ana yaşının etkisi önemlidir (P<0.001). Sonuç olarak, güvercinlerin tüm mevsimlerde yumurta verdikleri ve kuluçkaya yattıkları gözlenmiş; kuluçka özellikleri ve yaşama gücü değerlerinin kabul edilebilir seviyelerde olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Büyüme, Kuluçka Özellikleri, Taklacı Güvercin, Yaşama gücü

Hatchability, Viability and Growth Characteristics of Tumbler Pigeons

Öz

This study was conducted to determine the incubation period, incubation efficency, egg yield and weight, number of brood, adult alive weight, viability of the tumbler pigeons which are raised in the coops of 5 commercial enterprises located in Ankara between the dates of the 1st of September 2006 to the 1st September 2007. 200 tumbler pigeons were used consisting of equal number of male and female. Female pigeons were divided into three age group (1 - 3; 4 - 6 and 7 +). The average incubation period was determined as 19.49 ± 0.04 days. The effect of the season was found significant (P<0.001) but the effect of hen’s age was not significant. The highest incubation efficiency was found in summer with 94.00 % and the lowest incubation efficiency was found in spring with 77.50 %. In terms of incubation efficiency the differences between seasons were found significant (P<0.001). The highest incubation efficiency of the hen’s age was identified 89.00 % with the middle age group, the lowest yield was identified. 85.70 % in the young hen’s. The effect of hen’s age on the incubation efficiency is insignificant. The number of eggs in fall, winter, spring and summer was found to be 4.31 ± 0.11; 3.59 ± 0.01; 3.76 ± 0.07 and 2.00 ± 0.00, respectively. The effect of season value is significant (P<0.001). The number of eggs for young, middle and old aged hens were found as 3.40 ± 0.10; 3. 46 ± 0.09 and 3.43 ± 0.11 respectively. The differences among groups were insignificant. The annual number of eggs per pigeon by young, middle-aged and elderly were found 13.68 ± 0.16; 13.55 ± 0.15; 13.72 ± 0.13, respectively. The average weight of eggs were identified as 16.85 ± 0.05 g. The effect of season was significant (p<0.01); the effect of the age was insignificant. The average alive weight was obtained at day 1, 16, 30 and 60 was found to be 39.26 ± 0.79; 188.87±0.47; 250.16 ± 0.52 and 257.66 ± 0.16 g, respectively. While the impact of season was significant (P<0.05; P<0.001); the effect of hen’s age was insignificant. The average of adult alive weights of female and male were found as 284.58 ± 1.19 and 296.67 ± 1.13g respectively. The effect of gender was significant (P<0.001). The average percentage of viability rates of broods in 7th , 30th and 60th days were determined as 92.70, 74.40 and 73.80 %, respectively. The effect of the season was significant (P<0.05, P<0.001). The highest viability rate was obtained in summer. The effect of hen’s age was significant (P<0.001). As a result, in this study the hatchability characteristics and viability rates obtained for Tumbler Pigeons were found high. Eggs obtained from pigeons all seasons in a year and their brood has been observed

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Growth, hatchability characteristics, tumbler pigeon, viability