Demokrasinin Liberteryen Eleştirisinin Eleştirisi: Caplan ve Brennan Örneği

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 86, 7 - 22, 01.08.2017

Buğra Kalkan

Öz

Locke, Tocqueville ve Mill gibi klasik liberaller anayasal demokrasiye meşruluk sağlayıcı argümanlar geliştirmişler ve oy hakkının genişlemesini savunmuşlardır. Demokrasinin yoğun eleştiri aldığı dönemlerde klasik liberaller demokrasiyi eleştirmenlerine karşı savunmuşlardır. Ancak kamu tercihi teorisi ile birlikte demokrasinin temel kabulleri liberal gelenek içinde sert bir şekilde eleştirilmeye başlanmıştır. Özellikle demokratik rejimlerin halkın rızasını alamadığı ve seçmenlerin siyasal konularda cahil olduğu gibi eleştiriler kamu tercihi teorisyenlerinin sıklıkla dile getirdiği problemler arasında yer alır. Caplan ve Brennan gibi kamu tercihci liberteryenler ise demokratik yönetime çok daha ciddi sınırlamalar getirmeyi önererek, bilgili bir azınlığın yönetmesi gerektiğini iddia etmektedirler. Bu durum liberal gelenekte siyasal haklar ile sivil haklar arasındaki bağı kopartmakta ve liberalizm içinde radikal bir öneriye dönüşmektedir. Bu makalede, liberal gelenekteki bu farklılaşmanın nedenleri belirtilerek, Caplan ve Brennan’ın iddiaları eleştirilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Demokrasi, Kamu Tercihi, Bryan Caplan, Jason Brennan, Anayasal Gelişme

The Critique of Libertarian Criticism of Democracy: Caplan and Brennan Cases

Öz

Classical liberals, such as Locke, Tocqueville and Mill, have developed arguments to justify constitutional democracy and defended the spreading out of the suffrage. Classical liberals have defended the democratic developments against its critics in difficult times. However, with the development of public choice theory, some philosophers started to criticize the basic assumptions of democracy very harshly in the liberal tradition. The problems such as the gap between the democratic policies and the popular consent and the widespread political ignorance of the voters are frequently given as examples of the democratic failure by public choice theorists. Caplan and Brennan, public choice libertarians, want to restrict political rights of the incompetent voters through establishing a kind of aristocratic political regime where the informed voters only have the right for political rights. Therefore, they want to break the link between political rights and the civil rights in the liberal tradition, and thus, offer a radical proposal. In this article, the reasons of this radical proposal in liberal tradition are examined, and the assumptions of Caplan and Brennan are criticized

Anahtar Kelimeler

Democracy, Public Choice, Bryan Caplan, Jason Brennan, Constitutional Development

Kaynakça

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