Sürdürülebilir Kalkınmada Sanayileşmenin Rolü: SKA 9 Perspektifi

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin imalat sanayindeki dönüşümünü 2005–2022 dönemi için kişi başına imalat katma değeri, teknoloji yoğunluğu, imalat istihdam payı ve karbon yoğunluğu göstergeleri üzerinden kapsamlı biçimde incelemektedir. Analizde, Birleşmiş Milletler Sınai Kalkınma Teşkilatı (UNIDO) verileri kullanılarak bileşik yıllık büyüme oranları (CAGR) hesaplanmış, Türkiye’nin performansı Avrupa Birliği (AB), Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Teşkilatı (OECD) ve dünya ortalamalarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca seviye farkı analizi ile yakınsama ve ıraksama eğilimleri değerlendirilmiş, göstergeler 2015=100 olarak endekslenerek göreli değişimler görselleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, Türkiye’nin kişi başına imalat katma değeri ve orta–yüksek teknoloji imalat payında referans gruplara göre daha hızlı artış kaydettiğini, buna karşın imalat karbon yoğunluğunda 2015 sonrası dönemde olumsuz bir eğilim izlediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, sanayileşmenin sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın ekonomik boyutuna önemli katkılar sunduğunu, ancak çevresel boyutunun daha fazla politika desteği gerektirdiğini vurgulamaktadır. Sonuçlar, Türkiye’nin sanayi politikasında hem üretkenlik ve teknoloji yoğunluğunu artıracak hem de emisyon yoğunluğunu azaltacak bütüncül bir stratejiye ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endüstri
• İmalat
• Sürdürülebilir kalkınma
• SKA 9
• Karbon yoğunluğu

The Role of Industrialization in Sustainable Development: SDG 9 Perspective

Öz

This study examines the transformation of Türkiye’s manufacturing industry for the period 2005–2022 through indicators such as manufacturing value added per capita, technology intensity, manufacturing employment share, and carbon intensity. The analysis calculates compound annual growth rates using UNIDO data and compares Türkiye’s performance with the EU, the OECD, and global averages. Furthermore, trends were assessed using a level difference analysis, and relative changes were visualized by indexing the indicators to 2015=100. The findings reveal that Türkiye recorded faster growth than the reference groups in terms of manufacturing value added per capita and the share of medium-high technology manufacturing, but showed a negative trend in manufacturing carbon intensity after 2015. The study emphasizes that industrialization makes significant contributions to the economic dimension of sustainable development, but that its environmental dimension requires more policy support. The results show that Türkiye’s industrial policy needs a comprehensive strategy that will both increase productivity and technology intensity and reduce emission intensity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Industry
• Manufacturing
• Sustainable development
• SDG 9
• Carbon intensity

Kaynakça

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