“Kiracılar (Reform) Tasarısı” ile Konut Kiracılığı Açısından Getirilen Temel Değişiklikler: Kiracılar İçin Etkili Bir Koruma mı?

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 27, 127 - 140, 15.01.2024

Aytuğ Ceyhun Çakır

Öz

Kira, kiracının, genellikle kira bedelinin ödenmesi olan hukuki bir menfaat karşılığında, özellikle belirli bir süre için kira konusunun kullanımı ile hukuki menfaat elde ettiği bir sözleşme olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, konut kiracılığı da kira hukukunun önemli bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. İngiltere ve Galler’de konut kiracılığı şu anda yürürlükte olan 1988 Konut Kanunu kapsamında düzenlenmektedir. Ancak, 17 Mayıs 2023 tarihinde “Kiracılar (Reform) Tasarısı” olarak adlandırılan yeni bir yasa tasarısı Avam Kamarası’na sunulmuştur. Bu tasarı, 1988 Konut Kanunu’ndan bu yana kira hukuku alanında yapılan en büyük değişiklik olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Şu hâlde, yasa tasarısının getirdiği temel değişiklikleri incelemek anlamlı olacaktır. Bu kapsamda olmak üzere, makul konut standardı, garantili kiracılığın sınırlandırılması ve kısa süreli garantili kiracılığın kaldırılması, “kusursuz” tahliyelerin kaldırılması, kiraya veren için yeni fesih gerekçeleri ve ihbar süreleri, kira artışları, kiracının evcil hayvan bulundurma talebi, kiraya verenin kiraya ilişkin bazı yükümlülükleri, ombudsman tarafından uyuşmazlık çözümü ve icrası, yerel yönetimlerin kiraya verene ilişkin veri tabanları ve konut kiracılığını etkileyen diğer bazı hususlar bu çalışmada temel değişiklikler olarak ele alınmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kira hukuku, Kiracılar (Reform) Tasarısı, Konut kirası, Kiraya veren, Kiracı.

Etik Beyan

There is no requirement of Ethics Committee Approval for this study.

Destekleyen Kurum

This paper was written within the scope of the author’s work as a visiting scholar at De Montfort University Leicester School of Law.

MAIN CHANGES INTRODUCED BY THE “RENTERS (REFORM) BILL” IN TERMS OF RESIDENTIAL TENANCY: IS IT AN EFFECTIVE PROTECTION FOR TENANTS?

Öz

Rent is defined as a contract whereby a tenant occupies and gains a legal interest in property particularly for a specified period, in return for a legal benefit which is usually payment of the rent. In this context, residential tenancy is a significant part of rental law, as well. In England and Wales, residential tenancies are currently regulated under the Housing Act 1988. However, a new bill, which is named as “Renters (Reform) Bill”, was introduced in the House of Commons on the date of 17 May 2023. This will be the biggest change in the field of rent law since the Housing Act 1988. For this reason, it might be meaningful to examine main changes introduced by the Bill. Within this framework, decent homes standard, restriction of assured tenancies and abolition of assured shorthold tenancies, abolition of “no fault” evictions, new termination grounds and notice periods for landlords, rent increases, request of the tenant to keep a pet, duties of landlords related to tenancy, dispute resolution by the ombudsman and enforcement, the database of local councils against landlords, and other changes effect residential tenancy are considered as fundamental changes in this paper.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rent Law, Renters (Reform) Bill, Residential Tenancy, Landlord, Tenant.

Kaynakça

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