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Düzeltme: Spastik Serebral Palsili Çocuklarda Doğum Şekli, Kaba Motor Fonksiyon, Gövde Kontrolü ve Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 102 - 109, 31.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18071436
Bu makalenin ilk hali 17 Aralık 2024 tarihinde yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/lrs/article/1580464

Düzeltme Notu

Kaynaklarda teknik bir hata tespit edildiği için makale tekrar düzenlenmiştir.

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada hemiplejik ve diplejik serebral palsili (SP) çocuklarda kaba motor fonksiyon, gövde kontrolü ve fonksiyonel bağımsızlık düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 22 SP’li çocuk dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılan çocukların kaba motor fonksiyon seviyeleri, Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Sınıflama Sistemi (KMFSS)’ne göre belirlendi. Gövde kontrolünün değerlendirilmesi için Gövde Etkilenim Ölçeği, fonksiyonel bağımsızlık düzeyinin belirlenmesinde ise Pediatrik Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Ölçeği (WeeFIM) kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 10 hemiplejik (%45,5) ve 12 diplejik (%54,5) SP’li olmak üzere toplam 22 SP’li çocuğun %82,8’si kız (n=18), %18,2’ü erkek (n=4), yaş ortalaması 10,40 ± 4,38 yıl idi. Katılımcıların %54,5’inde sezaryen doğum, %45,5’inde ise vajinal doğum ile dünyaya geldi. GEÖ ile cinsiyet arasında orta düzeyde, negatif yönde bir ilişki bulundu (r= -0,44, p<0,05). Tanı ve WeeFIM arasında orta seviyede, negatif yönde ilişki bulundu. Hemiplejik SP’li çocukların lehine yönde WeeFIM sonuçları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu. Doğum şekli ve KMFSS arasında orta düzeyde, pozitif ilişki bulundu (r= -0,45, p<0,05). Vajinal doğum yapanlarda KMFSS’ye göre evresi daha yüksek seviyedeydi. GEÖ ile KMFSS arasında orta seviyede, negatif yönde ilişki bulundu (r= -0,46, p<0,05). GEÖ ile WeeFIM arasında ilişki bulunmadı.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, çocukların kaba motor fonksiyon sınıflaması yükseldikçe gövde etkileniminin arttığı görüldü.

Etik Beyan

Çalışmanın yapılabilmesi için Rumeli Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulunun 24.05.2023 tarihli ve 2023/05 sayılı toplantısında gerekli izin ve onay alındı.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bulunmuyor.

Teşekkür

Yoktur.

Kaynakça

  • Eicher PS. Cerebral Palsy, the child with development disabilities. The Ped. Clin. NA. 1993;40(3).
  • Vitrikas K, Dalton H, Breish D. Cerebral palsy: an overview. American family physician. 2020 Feb 15;101(4):213-20.
  • Gulati S, Sondhi V. Cerebral palsy: an overview. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2018 Nov; 85:1006-16.
  • Hemachithra, C., et al. Immediate effect of horse riding simulator on adductor spasticity in children with cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial. Physiotherapy Research International, 2020, 25.1: e1809.
  • Sadowska, M.; Sarecka-Hujar, B.; Kopyta, I. Cerebral palsy: current opinions on definition, epidemiology, risk factors, classification and treatment options. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2020, 1505-1518.
  • Rajab A, Yoo SY, Abdulgalil A, Kathiri S, Ahmed R, Mochida GH, Bodell A, Barkovich AJ, Walsh CA. An autosomal recessive form of spastic cerebral palsy (CP) with microcephaly and mental retardation. American journal of medical genetics part A. 2006 Jul 15;140(14):1504-10.
  • Hüner B, Özgüzel H, Aydoğan AR, Telli H. Serebral Palsi: Risk Faktörleri ve Fonksiyonel Kapasite İlişkisi. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi. 2011;27(2):79-83.
  • Arı G, Günel MK. Serebral palsili çocuklarda nörogelişimsel tedaviye dayalı gövde eğitiminin gövde kontrolüne etkisi. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation. 2015;2(3):79-85.
  • Özel S, Çulha C, Ünsal-Delialioğlu S, Sarı İF, Köklü K. Serebral palsili çocuklarda Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Sınıflama Sistemi düzeyleri ve tedavi yöntemleri arasındaki ilişki. Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation/Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi. 2016 Jun 1;62(2).
  • Türker A and Özkeskin M. "Investigation of urinary disorders, functional independence, and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy." Neurourology and Urodynamics 42.3; 2023: 597-606.
  • Burak, M., Kavlak, E., Dengiz, A., & Tekin, F. Serebral Palsili Adölesanlarda El becerileri ile Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık ve Kaba Motor Fonksiyon arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 5. 2018.
  • Sarıipek AD. Serebral Palsili Çocukların Kaba Motor ve Fonksiyonel Seviyeleri ile Solunum Fonksiyonları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences, 2021; 6(4).
  • Beyzadeoğlu T, Kaçar İ. Ayakta Durma Sehpasını Kullanan ve Kullanmayan Serebral Palsili Çocuklarda Kaba Motor Fonksiyon ve Fonksiyonel bağımsızlığın Karşılaştırılması. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 4. 2017.
  • Kallem SG., Aras, B., Aras, O. Trunk control and functionality in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Developmental neurorehabilitation, 2019; 22(2), 120–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518423.2018.1460879
  • Bakkaloğlu ZT, Gülsena, U, Seda, S. Serebral Palsi’li Çocuklarda Gövde Kontrolü ile Fonksiyonel Kapasite ve Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Arasındaki İlişki. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2023; 6(1), 23-32.
  • Tarfa, HB, Hassan, AB, Badaru, UM, Abdullahi A. Predictors of gross motor function and activities of daily living in children with cerebral palsy. International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation, 2021; 44(4), 330–335.
  • Paul S, Nahar A, Bhagawati M, & Kunwar AJ. A Review on Recent Advances of Cerebral Palsy. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2022, 2622310.
  • El O, Baydar M, Berk H, Peker O, Koşay C, Demiral Y. Interobserver reliability of the Turkish version of the expanded and revised gross motor function classification system. Disability and rehabilitation, 2012; 34(12), 1030–1033.
  • Sag S, Büyükavcı R, Sahin F, Sag MS, Dogu B, Kuran B. Assessing the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Trunk Impairment Scale in stroke patients. Northern clinics of Istanbul, 2018; 6(2), 156–165.
  • Malak R, Kostiukow A, Krawczyk-Wasielewska A, Mojs E, Samborski W. Delays in Motor Development in Children with Down Syndrome. Med Sci Monit. 2015; Jul 1; 21:1904-10.
  • Gunel MK, Mutlu A, Tarsuslu T, & Livanelioglu A. Relationship among the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and the functional status (WeeFIM) in children with spastic cerebral palsy. European journal of pediatrics, 2009; 168(4), 477–485.
  • Küçükdeveci AA, Yavuzer G, Elhan A H, Sonel B, Tennant, A. Adaptation of the Functional Independence Measure for use in Turkey. Clinical rehabilitation, 2001; 15(3), 311–319.
  • Adıguzel B. B.. Effects of modified pilates on trunk, postural control, gait and balance in children with cerebral palsy: a single-blinded randomized controlled study. Acta neurologica Belgica, 2022; 122(4), 903–914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-021-01845-5
  • Güneş Gencer GY, Yilmaz Ö. The effect of trunk training on trunk control, upper extremity, and pulmonary function in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A randomized clinical trial. Clinical rehabilitation, 2022; 36(3), 369–378. https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155211043265
  • Jung K, Kim Y, Chung Y, Hwang S. Weight-shift training improves trunk control, proprioception, and balance in patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 2014; 232(3), 195–199. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.232.195
  • Cetisli Korkmaz N, Can Akman T, Kilavuz Oren G, Bir LS. Trunk control: The essence for upper limb functionality in patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2018; 24, 101–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.06.013
  • Verheyden G, Nieuwboer A, Feys H, Thijs V, Vaes K, De Weerdt W. Discriminant ability of the Trunk Impairment Scale: A comparison between stroke patients and healthy individuals. Disability and rehabilitation, 2005; 27(17), 1023–1028.
  • Whitney DG, Singh H, Zhang C, Miller F, Modlesky CM. Greater Visceral Fat but No Difference in Measures of Total Body Fat in Ambulatory Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy Compared to Typically Developing Children. Journal of clinical densitometry: the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, 2020; 23(3), 459–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2018.09.006
  • Griffioen M, van Dieën JH. Effects of age and sex on trunk motor control. Journal of biomechanics, 2020; 102, 109607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109607
  • Koca TT, Arslan A. Serebral Palsi’li Çocuklarda Anne Eğitim Düzeyi ve Doğum Şeklinin Motor Gelişim Basamaklarına Etkisi. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 5.2018.
  • Yıldız A, Apaydın U, Elbasan B. Farklı Topografik Tutulumu Olan Serebral Palsili Çocuklarda Gövde Kontrolünün Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 5.2018.
  • Saether R, Helbostad JL, Adde L, Jørgensen L, Vik T. Reliability and validity of the Trunk Impairment Scale in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Research in developmental disabilities, 2013; 34(7), 2075–2084.
  • Türker A, Özkeskin M. Investigation of urinary disorders, functional independence, and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2023; 42(3), 597-606.
  • Kallem Seyyar G, Aras B, Aras O. Trunk control and functionality in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Developmental neurorehabilitation, 2019; 22(2), 120–125.
  • Lee BH. Relationship between gross motor function and the function, activity and participation components of the International Classification of Functioning in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Journal of physical therapy science, 2017; 29(10), 1732-1736.

Düzeltme: Evaluation of the Relationship Between Birth Type, Gross Motor Function, Trunk Control and Level of Functional Independence in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 102 - 109, 31.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18071436
Bu makalenin ilk hali 17 Aralık 2024 tarihinde yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/lrs/article/1580464

Düzeltme Notu

The article has been revised due to a technical error found in the sources.

Öz

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between gross motor function, trunk control and functional independence in children with hemiplegic and diplegic cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods: Twenty-two children with CP were included in the study. Gross motor function levels of the children participating in the study were determined according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was used to assess trunk control and the Paediatric Functional Independence Scale (WeeFIM) was used to determine functional independence.

Results: Of the 22 children with CP included in the study, 10 hemiplegic (45.5%) and 12 diplegics (54.5%) CP, 82.8% were girls (n=18), 18.2% were male (n=4), mean age was 10.40 ± 4.38 years. 54.5% of the participants had a cesarean section type and 45.5% had a vaginal delivery type. A moderate, negative correlation was found between TIS and gender (r= -0.44, p< 0.05). A moderate, negative correlation was found between diagnosis and WeeFIM. WeeFIM results in favor of children with hemiplegic CP were significantly higher. A moderate, positive correlation was found between birth type and gross motor function classification (GMFCS) (r= -0.45, p< 0.05). GMFCS is higher in those who have had a vaginal delivery. A moderate, negative correlation was found between TIS and GMFCS. No correlation was found between the TIS and WeeFIM.
Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that trunk involvement increased as the gross motor function classification of the children increased.

Kaynakça

  • Eicher PS. Cerebral Palsy, the child with development disabilities. The Ped. Clin. NA. 1993;40(3).
  • Vitrikas K, Dalton H, Breish D. Cerebral palsy: an overview. American family physician. 2020 Feb 15;101(4):213-20.
  • Gulati S, Sondhi V. Cerebral palsy: an overview. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2018 Nov; 85:1006-16.
  • Hemachithra, C., et al. Immediate effect of horse riding simulator on adductor spasticity in children with cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial. Physiotherapy Research International, 2020, 25.1: e1809.
  • Sadowska, M.; Sarecka-Hujar, B.; Kopyta, I. Cerebral palsy: current opinions on definition, epidemiology, risk factors, classification and treatment options. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2020, 1505-1518.
  • Rajab A, Yoo SY, Abdulgalil A, Kathiri S, Ahmed R, Mochida GH, Bodell A, Barkovich AJ, Walsh CA. An autosomal recessive form of spastic cerebral palsy (CP) with microcephaly and mental retardation. American journal of medical genetics part A. 2006 Jul 15;140(14):1504-10.
  • Hüner B, Özgüzel H, Aydoğan AR, Telli H. Serebral Palsi: Risk Faktörleri ve Fonksiyonel Kapasite İlişkisi. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi. 2011;27(2):79-83.
  • Arı G, Günel MK. Serebral palsili çocuklarda nörogelişimsel tedaviye dayalı gövde eğitiminin gövde kontrolüne etkisi. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation. 2015;2(3):79-85.
  • Özel S, Çulha C, Ünsal-Delialioğlu S, Sarı İF, Köklü K. Serebral palsili çocuklarda Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Sınıflama Sistemi düzeyleri ve tedavi yöntemleri arasındaki ilişki. Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation/Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi. 2016 Jun 1;62(2).
  • Türker A and Özkeskin M. "Investigation of urinary disorders, functional independence, and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy." Neurourology and Urodynamics 42.3; 2023: 597-606.
  • Burak, M., Kavlak, E., Dengiz, A., & Tekin, F. Serebral Palsili Adölesanlarda El becerileri ile Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık ve Kaba Motor Fonksiyon arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 5. 2018.
  • Sarıipek AD. Serebral Palsili Çocukların Kaba Motor ve Fonksiyonel Seviyeleri ile Solunum Fonksiyonları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences, 2021; 6(4).
  • Beyzadeoğlu T, Kaçar İ. Ayakta Durma Sehpasını Kullanan ve Kullanmayan Serebral Palsili Çocuklarda Kaba Motor Fonksiyon ve Fonksiyonel bağımsızlığın Karşılaştırılması. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 4. 2017.
  • Kallem SG., Aras, B., Aras, O. Trunk control and functionality in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Developmental neurorehabilitation, 2019; 22(2), 120–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518423.2018.1460879
  • Bakkaloğlu ZT, Gülsena, U, Seda, S. Serebral Palsi’li Çocuklarda Gövde Kontrolü ile Fonksiyonel Kapasite ve Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Arasındaki İlişki. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2023; 6(1), 23-32.
  • Tarfa, HB, Hassan, AB, Badaru, UM, Abdullahi A. Predictors of gross motor function and activities of daily living in children with cerebral palsy. International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation, 2021; 44(4), 330–335.
  • Paul S, Nahar A, Bhagawati M, & Kunwar AJ. A Review on Recent Advances of Cerebral Palsy. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2022, 2622310.
  • El O, Baydar M, Berk H, Peker O, Koşay C, Demiral Y. Interobserver reliability of the Turkish version of the expanded and revised gross motor function classification system. Disability and rehabilitation, 2012; 34(12), 1030–1033.
  • Sag S, Büyükavcı R, Sahin F, Sag MS, Dogu B, Kuran B. Assessing the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Trunk Impairment Scale in stroke patients. Northern clinics of Istanbul, 2018; 6(2), 156–165.
  • Malak R, Kostiukow A, Krawczyk-Wasielewska A, Mojs E, Samborski W. Delays in Motor Development in Children with Down Syndrome. Med Sci Monit. 2015; Jul 1; 21:1904-10.
  • Gunel MK, Mutlu A, Tarsuslu T, & Livanelioglu A. Relationship among the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and the functional status (WeeFIM) in children with spastic cerebral palsy. European journal of pediatrics, 2009; 168(4), 477–485.
  • Küçükdeveci AA, Yavuzer G, Elhan A H, Sonel B, Tennant, A. Adaptation of the Functional Independence Measure for use in Turkey. Clinical rehabilitation, 2001; 15(3), 311–319.
  • Adıguzel B. B.. Effects of modified pilates on trunk, postural control, gait and balance in children with cerebral palsy: a single-blinded randomized controlled study. Acta neurologica Belgica, 2022; 122(4), 903–914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-021-01845-5
  • Güneş Gencer GY, Yilmaz Ö. The effect of trunk training on trunk control, upper extremity, and pulmonary function in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A randomized clinical trial. Clinical rehabilitation, 2022; 36(3), 369–378. https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155211043265
  • Jung K, Kim Y, Chung Y, Hwang S. Weight-shift training improves trunk control, proprioception, and balance in patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 2014; 232(3), 195–199. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.232.195
  • Cetisli Korkmaz N, Can Akman T, Kilavuz Oren G, Bir LS. Trunk control: The essence for upper limb functionality in patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2018; 24, 101–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.06.013
  • Verheyden G, Nieuwboer A, Feys H, Thijs V, Vaes K, De Weerdt W. Discriminant ability of the Trunk Impairment Scale: A comparison between stroke patients and healthy individuals. Disability and rehabilitation, 2005; 27(17), 1023–1028.
  • Whitney DG, Singh H, Zhang C, Miller F, Modlesky CM. Greater Visceral Fat but No Difference in Measures of Total Body Fat in Ambulatory Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy Compared to Typically Developing Children. Journal of clinical densitometry: the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, 2020; 23(3), 459–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2018.09.006
  • Griffioen M, van Dieën JH. Effects of age and sex on trunk motor control. Journal of biomechanics, 2020; 102, 109607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109607
  • Koca TT, Arslan A. Serebral Palsi’li Çocuklarda Anne Eğitim Düzeyi ve Doğum Şeklinin Motor Gelişim Basamaklarına Etkisi. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 5.2018.
  • Yıldız A, Apaydın U, Elbasan B. Farklı Topografik Tutulumu Olan Serebral Palsili Çocuklarda Gövde Kontrolünün Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Exercise Therapy & Rehabilitation, 5.2018.
  • Saether R, Helbostad JL, Adde L, Jørgensen L, Vik T. Reliability and validity of the Trunk Impairment Scale in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Research in developmental disabilities, 2013; 34(7), 2075–2084.
  • Türker A, Özkeskin M. Investigation of urinary disorders, functional independence, and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2023; 42(3), 597-606.
  • Kallem Seyyar G, Aras B, Aras O. Trunk control and functionality in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Developmental neurorehabilitation, 2019; 22(2), 120–125.
  • Lee BH. Relationship between gross motor function and the function, activity and participation components of the International Classification of Functioning in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Journal of physical therapy science, 2017; 29(10), 1732-1736.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Fizyoterapi, Rehabilitasyon, Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Düzeltme
Yazarlar

Özden Baskan 0000-0002-1549-4838

Cansu Demir 0009-0002-6266-2002

Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Ağustos 2024
Kabul Tarihi 3 Ekim 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Baskan Ö, Demir C. Spastik Serebral Palsili Çocuklarda Doğum Şekli, Kaba Motor Fonksiyon, Gövde Kontrolü ve Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. LRS. 2026;4(1):102-9.