İran-Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü İlişkileri ve İran’ın Üyelik Beklentisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 151 - 169, 31.12.2020

Seven Erdoğan

Öz

1979 İslam Devrimi sonrasında uluslararası siyasal sisteme dâhil olmada problemler yaşayan İran’ın, Batı ile ilişkileri 2000’li yıllarda nükleer krizle birlikte daha sorunlu bir hal almıştır. Bu durum, 2005 sonrası dönemde İran’ın Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü ile ilişkilerini geliştirmesinde etkili olmuştur. Uluslararası siyasal sistemdeki yalnızlığına, kalıcı bir şekilde son vermek isteyen İran, 2008’le birlikte Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü üyesi haline gelmeyi resmî olarak talep etmeye başlamıştır. Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü kuruluşundan beri her ne kadar Batıya açıkça meydan okumaktan bilinçli olarak kaçınmış olsa bile, İran tarafından Batı karşısında güçlü bir destekçi olarak görülmüştür. Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü İran’la ilişkileri geliştirme yönünde birçok girişimi hayata geçirmekle birlikte hâlihazırda İran’ın üyelik beklentisine olumlu bir yanıt vermemiştir. İlk etapta genel olarak yeni bir üye kabul etme fikrine mesafeli yaklaşan Örgüt, Hindistan ve Pakistan’a 2017 yılında kapılarını açmıştır. Bu ilk genişlemenin ardından, Örgütün yeni üye kabulünden ziyade İran’ın üyeliğine soğuk baktığı anlaşılmıştır. İran’ın uluslararası siyasal sistemdeki sorunlu konumuna ek olarak, Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü içindeki dengelere dair yapılan hesaplamalar ile İran’ın üyeliğinin Örgütün uluslararası siyasal sistemdeki konumu üzerinde yapacağı olası etkilere dair hesaplamalar bu tutumda etkili olmuştur. Çalışmanın genel sonucu İran Nükleer Krizi devam ettiği sürece, ülkenin üyelik beklentisinin Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü tarafından karşılanması kısa vadede mümkün olmadığı yönündedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İran, Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü, İran Nükleer Krizi, Rusya, Çin

Iran-Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Relations and Iran’s Bid of Membership

Öz

Iran having troubles in involving into the international political arena after the 1979 Islamic Revolution in the country experienced serious problems in its relations with the West by 2000s with the eruption of the nuclear crisis issue. This motivated Iran to develop its ties with the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Iran started to seek the membership of the Organisation formally by 2008 to end its loneliness in the international political arena. Despite the deliberate refrainment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation from any confrontation with the West, the Organisation has been framed by Iran as a strong supporter in its clash with the West. Despite the several steps taken by the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to develop its relations with Iran, the Organisation has not yet met the membership expectation of the country affirmatively. The Organisation had not initially shown any tendency of enlargement in general. However, after the acceptance of India’s and Pakistan’s membership, it was clearly understood that it did not actually have an intention of accepting Iran to the membership. Apart from the problematic existence of Iran in the international political arena, the impact of such a membership within the Organisation and in the international image of the Organisation is also taken into consideration in terms of membership potential of the country. The study reveals that the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation will not meet the membership bid of Iran in the short-run as long as the Iranian Nuclear Crisis continues to exist.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Iran, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Iranian Nuclear Crisis, Russia, China

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