Investigation of factors affecting hearing loss of open pit coal mine employees with categorical data analyses

Öz

Madencilikte karşılaşılan en önemli meslek hastalıklarından biri gürültüye bağlı işitme kaybıdır (GBİK). Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki bir açık ocak linyit madeninde GBİK'nın incelenmesine yönelik analizler yapılmıştır. GBİK madencilerin yaşı, deneyimi, mesleği, maruz kalma değeri (Lex) ve maksimum gürültü seviyesi (Lpeak) dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışanların maruz kaldıkları gürültü seviyeleri gürültü dozimetreleri ile ölçülmüş ve çalışanlara özel işitme merkezi tarafından işitme testi uygulanmıştır. GBİK'da etkili olabilecek parametreleri belirlemek için elde edilen verilerin tamamı lojistik regresyon analizi (LRA) ve hiyerarşik log-lineer analiz (HLA) yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Saha personelinin GBİK olasılığının operatörlere ve sürücülere göre yaklaşık 6 kat daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. 21-29 yaş grubuna göre 57-65 ve 48-56 yaş grubunda GBİK olasılığının sırasıyla 11,4 ve 4,41 kat daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İşitme kaybında deneyim ve maksimum gürültü seviyesi en önemli parametreler olarak bulunmuştur. Bunların yanı sıra yaş×deneyim, meslek×maksimum gürültü düzeyleri ve meslek×ortalama gürültüye maruz kalma düzeylerinin etkileşimlerinin GBİK olasılığını artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışanların GBİK tahmini için bir lojistik regresyon modeli geliştirilmiş ve işitme kaybının en çok sahada çalışanlar için sorun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İşitme kaybının yaş ve tecrübe ile arttığı ve meslek gruplarına göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hiyerarşik log-lineer analiz
• Lojistik regresyon
• Madencilik
• Gürültüye bağlı işitme kaybı
• Meslek hastalığı

Investigation of factors affecting hearing loss of open pit coal mine employees with categorical data analyses

Öz

One of the most important occupational diseases encountered in mining is the noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). In this study, analyses were carried out to examine the NIHL in the open pit lignite mine in Turkey. The NIHL was evaluated in accordance with the miners’ age, experience, occupation, exposure value (Lex), and maximum noise level (Lpeak). Noise levels exposed the employees were measured with noise dosimeters and a hearing test was applied to the employees by a special hearing center. To determine the parameters that could be effective in NIHL, all of the obtained data were evaluated by the logistic regression analysis (LRA) and hierarchical log-linear analysis (HLA) methods. It was determined that the NIHL probability of field staff is approximately 6 times higher than operators and drivers. According to the 21-29 age group, it was found that the probability of NIHL in the 57-65 and in the 48-56 age group was 11.4 and 4.41 times higher, respectively. Experience and maximum noise levels were found to be the most important parameters in hearing loss. Besides these, it was determined that the interactions of age×experience, occupation×maximum noise levels, and occupation×average noise exposure levels increased the likelihood of NIHL. A logistic regression model has been developed for the NIHL estimation of employees and hearing loss was found to be a problem mostly for those working in the field. It was determined that hearing loss increased with age and experience, and varied according to occupational groups.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hierarchical log-linear analysis
• Logistic regression
• Mining
• Noise induced hearing loss
• Occupational disease

Kaynakça

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