SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION OF COAL AND EFFECTING FACTORS

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 58 Sayı: 2, 145 - 165, 01.06.2019

Serkan İnal , Kerim Aydıner

https://doi.org/10.30797/madencilik.580158

Cited By: 4

Öz

Coal tends to adsorb oxygen and oxidize due to its structure. Spontaneous combustion mechanism

of coal is very complicated, and still this mechanism is not completely understood. However, coaloxygen

compound theory is widely accepted by researchers nowadays. According to this theory,

spontaneous combustion consists of slow oxidation, accelerating oxidation and rapid oxidation

stages. In these stages, the physical oxygen adsorption, chemical oxygen adsorption and free

radicals reactions are the dominant mechanisms, respectively. Spontaneous combustion of coal

can occur without any external impact anywhere coal and / or coal wastes exist. Nowadays, its

revealed that some common thoughts about the effecting parameters on spontaneous combustion

of coal are wrong. For example; spontaneous combustion of coal does not occur only in low rank

coals, and high pyrite content coals may have low spontaneous combustion tendency or coal

mines which were determined as not risky can unexpectedly combust. Therefore, spontaneous

combustion tendencies of coals must be determined; all stages such as mining, stockpile design

and transportation must be planned in detail; continuous monitoring and emergency response

plans must be arranged in case a spontaneous combustion.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Spontaneous combustion of coal, Oxidation of coal, Coal stockpiles, Coal-Oxygen complex theory, Coal mine safety

KÖMÜRÜN KENDİLİĞİNDEN YANMASI VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER

Öz

Kömür yapısı gereği oksijeni adsorplamaya ve oksidasyona yatkındır. Kömürün kendiliğinden

yanması oldukça karmaşık ve hala tam olarak açıklanamamış bir mekanizmaya sahipse de

günümüzde en yaygın kabul gören kuram kömür oksijen birleşiği kuramıdır. Bu kurama göre

kömürün kendiliğinden yanması yavaş oksidasyon, hızlanan oksidasyon ve hızlı oksidasyon

aşamalarından oluşmaktadır. Süreç içerisinde oksijenin fiziksel ve kimyasal adsorpsiyonu ile

serbest radikallerin reaksiyonları sırasıyla dominant etkiye sahiptirler. Kömürün ve/veya kömür

atıklarının bulunduğu her yerde kendiliğinden yanma herhangi bir dış müdahale olmaksızın

meydana gelebilmektedir. Kendiliğinden yanmayı etkileyen parametreler açısındansa genellemeler

sakıncalı olup, bazı yerleşmiş bilgilerin hatalı olabileceği günümüzde ortaya konmuştur. Örneğin;

kömürün kendiliğinden yanması sanıldığı üzere sadece rankı düşük kömürlerde gerçekleşmez,

yüksek pirit içerikli kömürlerin kendiliğinden yanma eğilimi düşük çıkabilir ya da eğilimi düşük olan

ve risk teşkil etmediği düşünülen kömürlerde yıllar sonra kendiliğinden yanma görülebilmektedir.

Bu sebeple kömürlerin kendiliğinden yanma eğilimleri belirlenmeli, üretim, stoklama ve nakliye

gibi tüm aşamalar detaylı şekilde planlanmalı ve sürekli takip ile kontrol yapılarak acil müdahale

planları da hazırlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kömürün kendiliğinden yanması, Kömürün oksidasyonu, Kömür stokları, Kömür-Oksijen birleşiği kuramı, Kömür madeni güvenliği

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