CHILDHOOD PROTECTIVE EXPERIENCES SCALE (CPES): ASSESSING PROTECTIVE FACTORS AGAINST CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT

Abstract

This study aims to develop and test the initial psychometrics of the retrospective Childhood Protective Experiences Scale (CPES). For this aim, four study group was reached (n=894). Participants were non-clinical young adult college students in Türkiye (Age range=18-27). Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33), Benevolent Childhood Experiences Scale (BCES), and Socio-demographic Information Form were used as measures. Content validity, face validity, construct validity (exploratory and confirmatory Factor Analysis), and criterion-related validity were used for evidence of the validity of the CPES. Cronbach's Alpha, Stratified Alpha, and McDonald’s Omega were calculated for reliability. The results suggested that the three-factor solution of CPES has an acceptable level of validity and reliability. This construct was tested using confirmatory factor analysis and model-data fit was observed. Significant positive correlations were found between CPES and BCEs. CPES and CTQ-33 and its factors had significant negative correlations. The CPES may be useful in retrospective studies to understand the protective factors related to positive outcomes after child abuse and neglect.

Keywords

• childhood benevolent experiences
• child maltreatment
• retrospective
• scale development
• validity and reliability study

ÇOCUKLUK DÖNEMİ KORUYUCU YAŞANTILAR ÖLÇEĞİ (ÇD-KYÖ): ÇOCUK İSTİSMARI VE İHMALİNDE KORUYUCU FAKTÖRLERİN ÖLÇÜLMESİ*

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı retrospektif Çocukluk Dönemi Koruyucu Yaşantılar Ölçeği’nin (ÇD-KYÖ) geliştirilmesi ve ilk psikometrik özelliklerinin test edilmesidir. Bu amaçla dört çalışma grubuna ulaşılmıştır (n=894). Katılımcılar Türkiye’de klinik olmayan genç yetişkin üniversite öğrencileridir (Yaş aralığı=18-27). Ölçme araçları olarak ÇD-KYÖ, Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği (CTQ-33), Çocukluk Çağı Olumlu Yaşantılar Ölçeği (ÇÇOYÖ) ve Sosyo-Demografik Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. ÇD-KYÖ’nün geçerlik kanıtları için kapsam geçerliği, görünüş geçerliği, yapı geçerliği (açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi) ve ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik kullanılmıştır. Güvenirlik için Cronbach Alfa, Mcdonald Omega ve Tabakalı alfa katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, üç faktörlü yapıdaki ÇD-KYÖ’den elde edilen verilerin yeterli düzeyde geçerli ve güvenilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu yapı doğrulayıcı faktör analiz ile incelenmiş ve model-veri uyumunun sağlandığı gözlenmiştir. ÇD-KYÖ ile ÇÇOYÖ arasında pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur. ÇD-KYÖ ile CTQ-33 ve faktörleri arasında ise negatif yönlü korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. ÇD-KYÖ, çocuk istismarı ve ihmali sonrası olumlu çıktılarla ilişkili koruyucu faktörlerin araştırıldığı retrospektif çalışmalarda kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çocukluk dönemi olumlu yaşantıları
• retrospektif
• ölçek geliştirme
• çocuğa yönelik kötü muamele
• geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

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