Araştırma Makalesi

Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model

Sayı: 80 26 Ekim 2026
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Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model

Öz

This study examined the learning and assessment components in the ninth-grade physics textbook prepared within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model in terms of cognitive depth, scientific process and physics-related skills, assessment structure, and alignment with learning outcomes. Designed as a structured document analysis supported by descriptive frequency analysis, the study analyzed 568 units of analysis identified from activities, experiment/observation tasks, in-text questions, worksheets, performance tasks, self-assessment components, and end-of-unit assessment questions. The units were coded according to the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, selected scientific process and physics-related skill categories, assessment and evaluation types, and their level of alignment with the 2024 ninth-grade physics learning outcomes. Inter-coder agreement was calculated as 89.4%. The findings showed that the textbook was strongly oriented toward higher-order cognitive processes, with 77.3% of the units classified at the analyzing, evaluating, or creating levels. Evidence-based inference, relating concepts to daily life, and modelling were the most frequently represented skills. Open-ended question/response was the dominant assessment type, whereas multiple-choice questions were rarely used. The alignment analysis indicated that 83.1% of the 557 directly matched units showed high alignment with learning outcomes. However, experimentation, data generation, hypothesis formulation, variable control, graph interpretation, rubrics, and process-oriented assessment tools were represented more limitedly. The study suggests that future textbook development should strengthen the experimental and epistemic dimensions of physics learning while maintaining the textbook’s strong cognitive and contextual orientation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval was not required for this study, as it was based solely on document analysis of publicly available educational materials and did not involve human participants, personal data, or experimental procedures.

Kaynakça

  1. Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (Eds.). (2001). *A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives*. Longman.
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  3. Bezen, S., & Gençer, U. T. (2025). 2018 yılı Ortaöğretim Fizik Dersi Öğretim Programı ile 2024 Türkiye Yüzyılı Maarif Modeli Ortaöğretim Fizik Dersi Öğretim Programının karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi [A comparative examination of the 2018 Secondary School Physics Curriculum and the 2024 Century of Türkiye Education Model Secondary School Physics Curriculum]. *Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi: Teori ve Uygulama, 16*(32), 431–458. [https://doi.org/10.58689/eibd.1774053](https://doi.org/10.58689/eibd.1774053)
  4. Biggs, J. (1996). Enhancing teaching through constructive alignment. *Higher Education, 32*, 347–364. [https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00138871](https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00138871)
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  7. Bozkuş, Ç., & Özgeldi, M. (2024). Analysis of middle school mathematics teachers’ evaluations of skill-based questions within the framework of mathematical competencies. *International Journal of Turkish Education Sciences, 12*(1), 535–583. [https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.1425323](https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.1425323)
  8. Çelikkaya, K., Oktay, Ö., Yazar, A., Bayrakçeken, S., & Canpolat, N. (2021). Ortaöğretim biyoloji, fizik, kimya ve fen bilimleri derslerine ait öğretim programlarının Marzano taksonomisine göre analizi [Analysis of secondary school biology, physics, chemistry and science courses curricula according to Marzano taxonomy]. *Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17*(1), 92–111. [https://doi.org/10.17860/mersinefd.716221](https://doi.org/10.17860/mersinefd.716221)

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Eğitimde Program Değerlendirme, Fizik Eğitimi, Eğitim Politikası

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

26 Ekim 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

9 Haziran 2026

Kabul Tarihi

14 Ekim 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: 80

Kaynak Göster

APA
Büyükdede, M. (2026). Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, 80, 92-116. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.1967450
AMA
1.Büyükdede M. Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 2026;(80):92-116. doi:10.21764/maeuefd.1967450
Chicago
Büyükdede, Mert. 2026. “Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, sy 80: 92-116. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.1967450.
EndNote
Büyükdede M (01 Ekim 2026) Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty 80 92–116.
IEEE
[1]M. Büyükdede, “Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, sy 80, ss. 92–116, Eki. 2026, doi: 10.21764/maeuefd.1967450.
ISNAD
Büyükdede, Mert. “Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 80 (01 Ekim 2026): 92-116. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.1967450.
JAMA
1.Büyükdede M. Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 2026;:92–116.
MLA
Büyükdede, Mert. “Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, sy 80, Ekim 2026, ss. 92-116, doi:10.21764/maeuefd.1967450.
Vancouver
1.Mert Büyükdede. Cognitive demand, skill representation, and curriculum alignment in a ninth-grade physics textbook within the scope of the Century of Türkiye Education Model. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 01 Ekim 2026;(80):92-116. doi:10.21764/maeuefd.1967450

   Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi

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