Sığırlarda hemorajik bağırsak sendromu

Öz

Hemorajik bağırsak sendromu,  daha yaygın olarak sütçü ve etçi sığırlarda görülen ölüm oranı yüksek bir hastalıktır. Akut, sporadik ve nekrohemorajik enterit olarak sınıflandırılır. Süt verimi yüksek sığırlarda yaygın olarak görülür. Hemorajik bağırsak sendromu'nun nedeni belirsizdir ve patogenezi tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Primer etiyolojik etkenin Clostridium perfringens tip A olduğu ağırlıklı bir şekilde öne sürülmüş olup, etkenin alfa ve beta2 toksininin, hastalığın oluşumunda önemli bir rolü olduğu düşünülmektedir. Hastalık, özellikle laktasyondaki süt ineklerinde, laktasyonun ilk 3 ayında görülür. Rasyon, hemorajik bağırsak sendromu gelişiminde en önemli predispozan faktör olarak görülmektedir. İnce bağırsaklardaki şiddetli toksemi (enterotoksemi) ve yoğun hemoraji, bağırsaklarda patolojik değişikliklere neden olur. Spesifik bir hemorajik bağırsak sendromu bulgusu olan bağırsak lumenindeki kan pıhtılaşması, sendromdan etkilenen ineklerin sadece % 19'unda tespit edilebilir. Teşhis; genellikle klinik, ultrason ve nekropsi bulgularına dayanır ve teşhis, ayrıca salmonellozis, Bovine Viral Diarrhea ve koksidiyoz vb. kaynaklı diğer hemorajik enteritlerin ayırıcı tanısı ile olur. Prognoz kötüdür ve ölüm oranı, yoğun medikal ve şirurjikal tedaviye rağmen yaklaşık % 100'dür. Hastalığın kontrolü için yem katkı maddelerinin kullanımı, iyi beslenme yönetimi ve aşı uygulaması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Clostridium perfringens,sığır,HBS,hemorrhagic bağırsak sendromu,jejunal hematom,jejunal hemorajik sendrom

Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome in cattle

Öz

Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome is relatively common disease in dairy and beef cattle which has high fatality rate. It is classified as acute, sporadic and necrohemorrhagic enteritis. It is commonly seen in highly productive dairy cattle. The cause of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome is unclear and the pathogenesis is not well-understood. As a primary etiologic agent Clostridium perfringens type A has been strongly proposed and its alpha and beta2 toxin are suggested to have an important role in occurence of the disease. Disease especially occur in lactating dairy cows in the first 3 months of lactation. Ration is seem to be the most important predisposing factor in the development of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome. Severe toxemia (enterotoxemia) and intense hemorrhage in the small intestine cause pathological changes in the intestine. The blood clots in the intestinal lumen, a specific finding of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome can only be demonstrated in 19% of affected cows. Diagnosis is often based on the clinical, ultrasound and necropsy findings and also with differential diagnosis of other haemorrhagic enteritis caused by salmonellosis, Bovine Viral Diarrhea and coccidiosis etc. Prognosis is poor and fatality rate is nearly 100% despite intensive medical and surgical therapy. The use of feed additives, good nutritional management and vaccine administration are recommended for disease control.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Clostridium perfringens,cattle,HBS,hemorrhagic bowel syndrome,jejunal hematoma,jejunal hemorrhagic syndrome

Kaynakça

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