Kapari bitkisinin bioaktif, farmakolojik etkileri ve nörodejeneratif hastalıklarda kullanımı

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 101 - 107, 31.12.2019

Asım Kart

https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.615592

Öz

Kapari
olarak bilinen Capparidaceae ailesine
ait bitki türleri başlıca dünyanın sıcak bölgelerinde yaygın
olup,  Capparis spinosa (C. spinosa), Capparis ovata (C. spinosa) ve
Capparis  decidua (C. deciduas)
terapötik ve besinsel özellikleri yönünden en yaygın araştırılan türleridir.
Bitki yapısında
birçok fitokimyasal içermekte olup, farmakolojik ve terapötik etkilerinden
dolayı halk arasında birçok hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılmıştır. İçeriğinde alkaloidler ve fitosteroller, flavanoidler,
fenolik asitler, glikosinolatlar, antioksidanlar, quarterner amonyum
bileşikleri ve vitaminlerin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kapari bitkisinin
yaprak ve tomurcuklarının fenolik bileşiklerden oldukça zengindir. Bu
bileşikler serbest radikal süpürücü özelliklere sahiptir ve içerdiği fenolik
bileşikler önemli bir fitokimyasal antioksidan grubunu oluşturmaktadır. C.
spinosa önemli miktarda rutin ve quercetin içermektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda
kaparinin analjezik, anti-inflamatuar, antioksidan, antitümöral, diüretik,
antidiyaretik, hipoglisemik, balgam söktürücü, antibakteriyel, antialerjik,
antihipertansif, antifungal, antihiperlipidemik etkileri gösterilmiştir. Bu
etkilerinin yanı sıra kapari ailesine ait bitki türlerinin sinir doku üzerinde görülen
ve tedavi olanaklarının sınırlı olduğu bazı nörodejeneratif bozukluklarda etkilerinin
olduğu da son yıllarda bildirilmektedir. Kapari türlerinin sedatif,
antikonvülsant, analjezik, antiepileptik etkilerinin olduğu, ve multiple
sclerosis, Alzheimer ve diğer merkezi sinir sisteminin nörodejeneratif tipte
hastalıklarında faydalı ve tedavi edici etkilerinin olduğu rapor edilmiştir.
Yapılan çalışmalar ve bunların sonucu capari bitkisinin bu tip bozukluklarda
umut vaat eden alternatif bir tedavi aracı olarak kullanılabileceğini
göstermektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kapari, fitokimyasal, nörodejenerayon

Kaynakça

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