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Molecular diagnosis of Felid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1) in cats and detecting the role of asymptomatic cats in the epidemiology of the infection

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 13 - 19, 30.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.1008528

Öz

Felid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1), one of the most common pathogens of cat respiratory system, mostly proceeds with symptoms such as fever, mucopurulent nasal flow, conjunctivitis and loss of appetite and might cause death especially in kittens following lower respiratory system infections. Transmission of the infection occurs via upper respiratory tract secret and excreta of acute and subclinically infected cats. In this study, FeHV-1 nucleic acid presence was searched using PCR technique in blood samples with EDTA taken from 112 cats, 55 females and 57 males, from different races, owned or stray, between 6-8 years of age, either healthy looking or showing clinical symptoms of respiratory system infection and phylogenetic tree was created by carrying out index analysis of positive samples. FeHV-1 nucleic acid was detected in 33.93% (38 / 112) of the tested samples. The positivity rate was 20.83% (5 / 24) in healthy looking cats while it was 37.50% (33 / 88) in cats with clinical symptoms. The fact that positivity rates were so close to each other for cats in both groups made us consider that healthy looking cats might play a role in factor scattering as well as acute infected ones. Positivity rates in sampled cats according to age and gender revealed that the infection could be seen in cats of all ages and gender and might be more common in cats under 1 year old.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Maes R. Felid Herpesvirus Type 1 Infection in Cats: A Natural HostModel for Alphaherpesvirus Pathogenesis. International Scholarly Research Network Veterinary Science. 2012; 1-14. doi:10.5402/2012/495830.7
  • 2. Maclachlan NJ, Dubovi EJ, Barthold SW, Swayne DE, Winton JR. Fenner’s Veterinary Virology. 5th ed. Elsevier Inc. San Diego: USA; 2017.
  • 3. ICTV, 2021. Erişim Adresi: https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/p/taxonomy-history?taxnode_id=202001453, Erişim Tarihi: 27.09.2021.
  • 4. Thiry E, Addia D, Belak S, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Frymus T, Jones T, Hartmann K, Hoise MJ, Llorent A, Lutz H, Marsilio F, Pennisi MG, Radford AD, Truyen U, Hornizek MC. ABCD Guidelines of prevention and management; Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2009; 11: 547-555.
  • 5. Küçük A, Yıldırım Y. Felide Herpesvirus-1 Enfeksiyonu. Etlik Vet Mikrobiyol Derg. 2018; 29: 76-81.
  • 6. Maggs DJ. Update on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of Feline Herpesvirus Type 1. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice. 2005; 20: 94-101.
  • 7. Stiles J. Ocular manifestations of feline viral diseases, The Veterinary Journal. 2014; 201: 166-173.
  • 8. Gould D. Feline Herpesvirus-1: Oculer Manifestations, Diagnosis and Treatment Options. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2011; 13: 333-346.
  • 9. Sambrook J. Molecular Cloning. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 2nd Edition. 1989.
  • 10. Nunberg JH, Wright DK, Cole GE, Petrovskis EA, Post LE, Compton T, Gilbert JH. Identification of the thymidine kinase gene of feline herpesvirus: use of degenerate oligonucleotides in the polymerase chain reaction to isolate herpesvirus gene homologs. Journal of Virology. 1989; 63(8): 3240-3249.
  • 11. Helps C, Reeves N, Egan K, Howard P, Harbour D. Detection of Chlamydophila felis and Feline Herpesvirus by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay. 2003; 41(6): 2734-2736.
  • 12. Henzel A, Brum MCS, Lautert C, Martins M, Lovato LT, Weiblen R. Isolation and Identification of Feline Calicivirus and Feline Herpesvirus ın Southern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2012; 43 (2): 560-568.
  • 13. Fiorito F, Cantiello A, Granato GE, Navas L, Diffidenti C, De Martino L, Maharajan Vi Olivieri F, Pagnini U, Iovane G. Clinical improvement in feline herpesvirus 1 infected cats by oral lowdose of interleukin-12 plus interferon-gamma, Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2016; 48: 41-47.
  • 14. Dağalp SB, Doğan F, Farzani TA, Babaoğlu AR, Kırmızı GA, Çabalar M. Solunum sistemi problemli kedilerde Feline Herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ve Feline Calicivirus varlığının moleküler olarak araştırılması. Eurasian J Vet Sci. 2019; 35: 131-138.
  • 15. Liu C, Liu Y, Qian P, Cao Y, Wang J, Sun CY, Huang B, Cui N, Huo N, Wu H, Wang L, Xiangfeng X, Tian K. Molecular and serological investigation of cat viral infectious diseases in China from 2016 to 2019. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2020; 0: 1-7.
  • 16. Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC. Textbook of Veterinary İnternal Medicine Disease of the dog and the cat. Seventh edition. St. Louis Missouri: Saunders Elsevier. 2010; p. 946.
  • 17. Dağalp SB, Akça Y. Detection of Feline Herpes Virus 1 from Domestic Cats With or Without Respiratory Symptoms, Indian Veterinary Journal. 2004; 81(1): 1-5.
  • 18. Karapınar Z, Dinçer E, Ataseven VS, Karaca M. Feline herpesvirus-1 infection in Van cats with conjunctivitis. YYU Vet Fak Derg. 2014; 25 (1): 15-7.
  • 19. Küçük A, Sağ N, Çakır C, Acar G, Yıldırım Y, Ataseven VS. Sağlıklı Görünüşlü ve Solunum Sistemi Problemli Barınak Kedilerinde Feline Herpesvirus Tip 1 (FeHV-1) Enfeksiyonu. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2017; 14(1): 25-30.
  • 20. Bayraktar E, Yılmaz H. Molecular Detection and Clinical Aspects of Feline Herpesvirus-1, Feline İmmunodeficiency Virus and Feline Leukemia Virus in Cats in Istanbul, Turkey. Pak Vet J. 2020; http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj.
  • 21. Baumworcel N, Soares AMB, Silva SB, Almeida NKO, De Castro TX. Correlation between clinical signs of feline conjunctivitis and molecular detection of felid Herpesvirus-1, feline Calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis and Mycoplasma felis in cats from shelters in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science. 2017; 54(1): 18-26.
  • 22. Harbour DA, Howard PE, Gaskell RM. Isolation of feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus from domestic cats 1980 to 1989. VetRec. 1991; 128: 77- 80.
  • 23. Stiles J, McDermott M, Bigsby D, Willis M, Martin C, Roberts W, Greene C. Use of nested polymerase chain reaction to identify feline herpesvirus in ocular tissue from clinically normal cats and cats with corneal sequestra or conjunctivitis. Am J Vet Res. 1997; 58: 338–342.
  • 24. Kang BT, Park HM. Prevalence of feline herpesvirus 1, feline calicivirus and Chlamydophila felis in clinically normal cats at a Korean animal shelter. Journal of veterinary science. 2008; 9(2): 207-209.
  • 25. Burns RE, Wagner DC, Leutenegger CM, Pesavento PA. Histologic and molecular correlation in shelter cats with acute upper respiratory infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2011; 49: 2454-2460.
  • 26. Weigler BJ, Guy JS, Nasisse MP, Hancock SI, Sherry B. Effect of a live attenuated int-ranasal vaccine on latency and shedding of feline herpesvirus 1 in domestic cats. Arch Virol. 1997; 142 (12): 2389-400.
  • 27. Gaskell R, Dawson S, Radford A, Thiry E. Feline Herpesvirus, Veterinary Research. 2007; 38: 337-354.

Kedilerde Felid Alphaherpesvirus 1’in (FeHV-1) moleküler tanısı ve asemptomatik kedilerin enfeksiyonun epidemiyolojisindeki rolünün belirlenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 13 - 19, 30.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.1008528

Öz

Kedilerin solunum sisteminin en yaygın patojenlerinden biri olan Felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1) çoğunlukla ateş, mukopurulent nazal akıntı, konjunktivitis, iştahsızlık gibi semptomlarla seyretmekte ve özellikle yavru kedilerde alt solunum sistemi enfeksiyonları sonrasında ölümlere neden olabilmektedir. dir. Enfeksiyonun bulaşması akut ve subklinik enfekte kedilere ait üst solunum yolu sekret ve ekskretleri yoluyla olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sağlıklı görünümlü ile solunum sistemi enfeksiyonu klinik bulguları gösteren, 6 ay-8 yaş arasında, sahipli veya sahipsiz, farklı ırklara ait 55 dişi, 57 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 112 kediden alınan EDTA’lı kan örneklerinde PCR tekniği ile FeHV-1 nükleik asit varlığı araştırılmış ve pozitif örneklerin dizin analizi gerçekleştirilerek filogenetik ağaç oluşturulmuştur. Test edilen örneklerin %33,93’ünde (38/112) FeHV-1 nükleik asidi tespit edildi. Sağlıklı görünümlü kedilerde pozitiflik oranı %20,83 (5/24) iken, klinik bulgulu kedilerde bu oran %37,50 (33/88) olarak belirlendi. Her iki grupta yer alan kedilerde pozitiflik oranlarının yakın oluşu etken saçılımında akut enfekte kedilerin yanı sıra, sağlıklı görünümlü kedilerin de önemli rol oynayabileceğini düşündürmüştür. Örneklenen kedilerde yaş ve cinsiyete göre pozitiflik oranları, enfeksiyonun her yaştaki ve cinsiyetteki kedilerde görüldüğü ancak özellikle 1 yaş altındaki kedilerde daha yaygın olabileceği ortaya konmuştur

Kaynakça

  • 1. Maes R. Felid Herpesvirus Type 1 Infection in Cats: A Natural HostModel for Alphaherpesvirus Pathogenesis. International Scholarly Research Network Veterinary Science. 2012; 1-14. doi:10.5402/2012/495830.7
  • 2. Maclachlan NJ, Dubovi EJ, Barthold SW, Swayne DE, Winton JR. Fenner’s Veterinary Virology. 5th ed. Elsevier Inc. San Diego: USA; 2017.
  • 3. ICTV, 2021. Erişim Adresi: https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/p/taxonomy-history?taxnode_id=202001453, Erişim Tarihi: 27.09.2021.
  • 4. Thiry E, Addia D, Belak S, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Frymus T, Jones T, Hartmann K, Hoise MJ, Llorent A, Lutz H, Marsilio F, Pennisi MG, Radford AD, Truyen U, Hornizek MC. ABCD Guidelines of prevention and management; Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2009; 11: 547-555.
  • 5. Küçük A, Yıldırım Y. Felide Herpesvirus-1 Enfeksiyonu. Etlik Vet Mikrobiyol Derg. 2018; 29: 76-81.
  • 6. Maggs DJ. Update on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of Feline Herpesvirus Type 1. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice. 2005; 20: 94-101.
  • 7. Stiles J. Ocular manifestations of feline viral diseases, The Veterinary Journal. 2014; 201: 166-173.
  • 8. Gould D. Feline Herpesvirus-1: Oculer Manifestations, Diagnosis and Treatment Options. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2011; 13: 333-346.
  • 9. Sambrook J. Molecular Cloning. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 2nd Edition. 1989.
  • 10. Nunberg JH, Wright DK, Cole GE, Petrovskis EA, Post LE, Compton T, Gilbert JH. Identification of the thymidine kinase gene of feline herpesvirus: use of degenerate oligonucleotides in the polymerase chain reaction to isolate herpesvirus gene homologs. Journal of Virology. 1989; 63(8): 3240-3249.
  • 11. Helps C, Reeves N, Egan K, Howard P, Harbour D. Detection of Chlamydophila felis and Feline Herpesvirus by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay. 2003; 41(6): 2734-2736.
  • 12. Henzel A, Brum MCS, Lautert C, Martins M, Lovato LT, Weiblen R. Isolation and Identification of Feline Calicivirus and Feline Herpesvirus ın Southern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2012; 43 (2): 560-568.
  • 13. Fiorito F, Cantiello A, Granato GE, Navas L, Diffidenti C, De Martino L, Maharajan Vi Olivieri F, Pagnini U, Iovane G. Clinical improvement in feline herpesvirus 1 infected cats by oral lowdose of interleukin-12 plus interferon-gamma, Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2016; 48: 41-47.
  • 14. Dağalp SB, Doğan F, Farzani TA, Babaoğlu AR, Kırmızı GA, Çabalar M. Solunum sistemi problemli kedilerde Feline Herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ve Feline Calicivirus varlığının moleküler olarak araştırılması. Eurasian J Vet Sci. 2019; 35: 131-138.
  • 15. Liu C, Liu Y, Qian P, Cao Y, Wang J, Sun CY, Huang B, Cui N, Huo N, Wu H, Wang L, Xiangfeng X, Tian K. Molecular and serological investigation of cat viral infectious diseases in China from 2016 to 2019. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2020; 0: 1-7.
  • 16. Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC. Textbook of Veterinary İnternal Medicine Disease of the dog and the cat. Seventh edition. St. Louis Missouri: Saunders Elsevier. 2010; p. 946.
  • 17. Dağalp SB, Akça Y. Detection of Feline Herpes Virus 1 from Domestic Cats With or Without Respiratory Symptoms, Indian Veterinary Journal. 2004; 81(1): 1-5.
  • 18. Karapınar Z, Dinçer E, Ataseven VS, Karaca M. Feline herpesvirus-1 infection in Van cats with conjunctivitis. YYU Vet Fak Derg. 2014; 25 (1): 15-7.
  • 19. Küçük A, Sağ N, Çakır C, Acar G, Yıldırım Y, Ataseven VS. Sağlıklı Görünüşlü ve Solunum Sistemi Problemli Barınak Kedilerinde Feline Herpesvirus Tip 1 (FeHV-1) Enfeksiyonu. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2017; 14(1): 25-30.
  • 20. Bayraktar E, Yılmaz H. Molecular Detection and Clinical Aspects of Feline Herpesvirus-1, Feline İmmunodeficiency Virus and Feline Leukemia Virus in Cats in Istanbul, Turkey. Pak Vet J. 2020; http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj.
  • 21. Baumworcel N, Soares AMB, Silva SB, Almeida NKO, De Castro TX. Correlation between clinical signs of feline conjunctivitis and molecular detection of felid Herpesvirus-1, feline Calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis and Mycoplasma felis in cats from shelters in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science. 2017; 54(1): 18-26.
  • 22. Harbour DA, Howard PE, Gaskell RM. Isolation of feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus from domestic cats 1980 to 1989. VetRec. 1991; 128: 77- 80.
  • 23. Stiles J, McDermott M, Bigsby D, Willis M, Martin C, Roberts W, Greene C. Use of nested polymerase chain reaction to identify feline herpesvirus in ocular tissue from clinically normal cats and cats with corneal sequestra or conjunctivitis. Am J Vet Res. 1997; 58: 338–342.
  • 24. Kang BT, Park HM. Prevalence of feline herpesvirus 1, feline calicivirus and Chlamydophila felis in clinically normal cats at a Korean animal shelter. Journal of veterinary science. 2008; 9(2): 207-209.
  • 25. Burns RE, Wagner DC, Leutenegger CM, Pesavento PA. Histologic and molecular correlation in shelter cats with acute upper respiratory infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2011; 49: 2454-2460.
  • 26. Weigler BJ, Guy JS, Nasisse MP, Hancock SI, Sherry B. Effect of a live attenuated int-ranasal vaccine on latency and shedding of feline herpesvirus 1 in domestic cats. Arch Virol. 1997; 142 (12): 2389-400.
  • 27. Gaskell R, Dawson S, Radford A, Thiry E. Feline Herpesvirus, Veterinary Research. 2007; 38: 337-354.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yakup Yıldırım 0000-0003-4299-4712

Seval Bilge Dağalp 0000-0002-1166-721X

Fırat Doğan 0000-0001-8656-3645

Ali Küçük 0000-0001-9929-1378

Gülizar Acar Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0800-1564

Ramazan Yıldız 0000-0001-5772-0891

Mehmet Kale 0000-0003-4156-1077

Sibel Hasırcıoğlu 0000-0002-5436-0795

Kamil Atlı 0000-0002-2266-4372

Hasbi Sait Saltık 0000-0002-3283-7062

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldırım, Y., Dağalp, S. B., Doğan, F., Küçük, A., vd. (2022). Kedilerde Felid Alphaherpesvirus 1’in (FeHV-1) moleküler tanısı ve asemptomatik kedilerin enfeksiyonun epidemiyolojisindeki rolünün belirlenmesi. Veterinary Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 7(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.1008528