Anadolu cevizi (Juglans regia L.) ve Ak dut (Morus alba L.) Gövde Odunlarının Kristalografik, Pirolitik ve Mikro-Mekanik Özelliklerin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Anadolu cevizi (Juglans regia L.) ve Ak dut (Morus alba L.) gövde odunlarının kristalografik, termal ve mikro mekanik özellikleri arasındaki çok ölçekli ilişkiler karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Lignoselülozik yapının karakterizasyonunda X-ışını kırınımı (XRD), termogravimetrik analiz (TGA) ve Vickers mikrosertlik yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. XRD analizleri sonucunda Ak dutun kristalinite indeksi %78 ve kristalit boyutu 2,38 nm olarak belirlenirken Anadolu cevizinde bu değerler sırasıyla %70 ve 1,01 nm seviyesinde kalmıştır. TGA bulguları, Ak dutun yüksek hücresel organizasyonuna bağlı olarak selülozun ana bozunma evresinde 345 °C civarında bir maksimum bozunma sıcaklığı ve %40,9 oranında kalıntı miktarı ile daha yüksek bir stabilite sergilediğini göstermiştir. Buna karşın, Anadolu cevizi, 333 °C maksimum bozunma sıcaklığı oluşturmasına rağmen, sahip olduğu kompleks lignin yapısı sayesinde piroliz süreci sonunda %45,7 ile daha yüksek bir kömür verimine ulaşmıştır. Odunun anizotropik doğasını yansıtan mikrosertlik testlerinde, Ak dut odunu, liflere paralel ve dik yönlerde yapılan ölçümlerde ceviz odununa kıyasla yaklaşık 2,5 kat daha yüksek mekanik direnç göstermiştir. Elde edilen tüm veriler ışığında, hücre duvarındaki selüloz zincirlerinin düzenlilik derecesinin, odun materyalinin hem termal bozunma profili hem de mikrosertlik performansı üzerinde doğrudan ve belirleyici bir etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Juglans regia L.
• Morus alba L.
• TGA
• Vickers mikrosertlik
• XRD

Comparative Analysis of Crystallographic, Pyrolytic, and Micro-Mechanical Properties of Anatolian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and White Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Stem Wood

Öz

This study comparatively investigates the multi-scale relationships between the crystallographic, thermal, and micromechanical properties of Anatolian walnut (Juglans regia L.) and white mulberry (Morus alba L.) stem woods. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Vickers microhardness methods were employed for the characterization of the lignocellulosic structure. XRD analysis revealed that while the crystallinity index and crystallite size of white mulberry were 78% and 2.38 nm, respectively, these values remained at 70% and 1.01 nm for Anatolian walnut. TGA findings demonstrated that white mulberry exhibited superior stability during the main cellulose degradation phase, with a maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) of approximately 345 °C and a residue amount of 40.9%, attributed to its high cellular organization. Conversely, although Anatolian walnut presented a Tmax of 333 °C, it reached a higher char yield of 45.7% at the end of the pyrolysis process due to its complex lignin structure. In microhardness tests reflecting the anisotropic nature of wood, white mulberry exhibited approximately 2.5 times higher mechanical resistance than walnut wood in both parallel and perpendicular grain directions. Consequently, it was determined that the degree of ordering in the cellulose chains within the cell wall exerts a direct and decisive influence on both the thermal decomposition profile and the microhardness performance of the wood material.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Juglans regia L.
• Morus alba L.
• TGA
• Vickers microhardness
• XRD

Kaynakça

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