Effect of Thiamethoxam on Wild Bees (Vespa sp.)

Öz

Recent increased population and globalization, have threatened inhabitants of wild plants and animals. Even though this situation is worrying, many people become neither aware of this threat and decrease, nor they know about endangered plants and animals. This study was conducted in order to examine the effects of drugs with thiamethoxam active substance on wasps that are common in both our country and Europe and that are known as yellow jacket in Europe and digger wasp in Turkey. For this purpose, wasps were directly fed with commonly used dosage of thiamethoxam in agricultural fields and diluted version of this dosage; then the changes in body motor movements were monitored and recorded. In the study,15 ml/100-L-water dose of thiamethoxam and 6 separate doses (7.5, 3.75, 1.87, 0.93, 0.46, 0.23, 0,12) prepared by diluting this dose by %50 were used in forms of 2 molars syrup. Furthermore, the same dosages were sprayed over wasps and lifetime of wasps was determined. As a result of the study, it was concluded that normally used dosage and diluted dosage of thiamethoxam killed wasps and compared to control group, lifetime of experiment group wasps became shorter.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Neonicotinoids,Thiamethoxam,Vespa,Wasp,Bee mortality

Thiamethoxam’ın Yaban Arısı (Vespa sp.) Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Son yıllarda artan nüfus artışı ve kentleşme, doğal bitki ve hayvan popülasyonlarını olumsuz yönde tehdit etmektedir. Bu durum endişe verici boyutlara ulaşmasına rağmen, birçok kişi bu tehdit ve azalmanın farkında olmadığı gibi nesli tükenen bitki veya hayvanlardan da haberdar değildir. Bu çalışma ülkemizde ve Avrupa’da yaygın olarak bulunan, ülkemizde sarıca arı (Vespa sp.), eşek arısı, üzüm arısı Avrupa’da ise sarı ceketliler olarak bilinen yaban arılar üzerine, tarımsal alanlarda yaygın olarak kullanılan thiamethoxam etken maddeli ilacının etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla thiamethoxam’ın tarımsal alanlarda en çok kullanılan dozu ile bu dozun seyreltilmiş dozları arılara doğrudan mide yoluyla verilerek, arılardaki vücut motor hareketlerindeki değişiklikler incelenmiş ve kayıt altına alınmıştır. Yine bu arılara aynı dozlar püskürtme yöntemi ile uygulanmış ve arıların yaşam süreleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada thiamethoxam’ın 15 ml /100 L su dozu ve bu dozun %50 oranında seyreltilmesiyle oluşturulan 6 ayrı doz (7.5, 3.75, 1.87, 0.93, 0.46, 0.23, 0,12) 2 Molar şurup şeklinde hazırlanarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, thiamethoxam’ın tarımsal alanlarda kullanılan normal dozu ile seyreltilmiş dozlarının arıları öldürdüğü ve deney gruplarında kullanılan arıların yaşam sürelerinin kontrol grubuna göre kısaldığı belirlenmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Neonicotinoidler,Thiamethoxam,Sarıcan arı,Yaban arısı,Arı ölümleri

Kaynakça

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