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Determination of Esterase and Glutathione S-Transferase Enzyme Levels of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) Reared on Different Plants

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 6, 01.06.2013

Sibel Yorulmaz Salman Fatih Bayrak Rıfat Kılıçoğlu İdris Sancar Recep Ay

Öz

Bu çalışmada Tetranychus urticae’nin farklı bitkilerde yetiştirilmesi sonucu esteraz ve glutathion-S-transferaz (GST) enzim miktarlarındaki değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Konukçu bitki olarak fasulye (Phaseolius vulgaris), hıyar (Cucumis sativus) , domates (Lycopersicon esculentum), biber (Capsicum annuum), patlıcan (Solanum melongena) ve kabak (Cucurbita pepo) bitkileri kullanılmıştır. Farklı bitkiler üzerinde yetiştirilen T.urticae popülasyonlarında GST enzimi kinetik yöntemle, esteraz enzimi hem elektroforez hem de kinetik yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. Esteraz enziminin elektroforetik olarak incelenmesi sonucunda en yoğun bant kalınlığı kabak ve patlıcanda yetiştirilen popülasyonlarda, en az bant kalınlığı ise domates ve biber üzerinde yetiştirilen popülasyonlarda belirlenmiştir. Esteraz ve GST enzim aktiviteleri sırasıyla 13.53 ve 3.68 mOD -1 min -1 mg değerleri ile kabak bitkisinde yetiştirilen popülasyonda en yüksek bulunmuştur. Biber bitkisinde yetiştirilen popülasyonda ise esteraz ve GST enzim aktiviteleri 5.83 ve 1.36 mOD -1 min -1 mg değerleri ile en düşük olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tetranychus urticae sebze esteraz glutathion-S-transferaz detoksifikasyon enzimleri

Kaynakça

  • Ay, R., Gürkan, M.O. (2005). Resistance to bifenthrin and resistance mechanisms of different strains of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) from Turkey. Phytoparasitica 33: 237-244.
  • Ay, R., Kara, F.E. (2011). Toxicity, inheritance and biochemistry of clofentezine resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Science 18(5): 503-511.
  • Ay, R., Yorulmaz, S. (2009). Inheritance and detoxification enzyme levels in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) strain selected with chlorpyrifos. Journal of Pest Science 83: 85-93.
  • Baffi, M.A., Pereira, C.D., Souza, G.R., Bonetti, A.M., Ceron C.B., Gourlart, L.R. (2005). Esterase profile in a pyrethroid-resistant Brazilian strain of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). Genetics and Molecular Biology 28(4): 749- 753.
  • Goka, K., Takafuji, A. (1992). Enzyme variations among Japanese populations of the twospotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Applied Entomology Zoology 27:141– 150.
  • Khajehali, J., Nieuwenhuyse, P., Demaeght, P., Tirry, L., Van Leeuwen, T. (2011). Acaricide resistance and resistance mechanisms in Tetranychus urticae populations from rose greenhouses in the Netherlands. Pest Management Science 67: 1424–1433.
  • Kim, Y.J., Lee, S.H., Lee, S.W., Ahn, Y.J. (2004). Fenpyroximate resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): crossresistance and biochemical resistance mechanisms. Pest Management Science 60(10): 1001-1006.
  • Konanz, S., Nauen, R. (2004). Purification and partial characetrization of a glutathione s-transferase from the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 79(2): 49-57.
  • Lin, H., Chuan-hua, X., Jin-jun, W., Ming, L., Wencai, L., Zhi-mo, Z. (2009). Resistance selection and biochemical mechanism of resistance to two acaricides in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boiduval). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 93: 47-52.
  • Moghadama, M.M., Ghadamyaria, M., Talebi, K. (2012). Resistance mechanisms to fenazaquin in Iranian populations of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). International Journal of Acarology 38(2): 138-145.
  • Niu,J.Z., Liu, G.Y., Wei Dou, W., Wang, J.J. (2011). Susceptibility and activity of gutathione stransferases in nine field populations of Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) to pyridaben and azocyclotin. Florida Entomologist 94(2): 321-329.
  • Öncüer, C. (2004). Tarımsal zararlılarla savaş yöntemleri ve ilaçları. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 19, 424s. Aydın. Oppenoorth, F.J., (1984) .Biochemistry of insecticide resistance. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 22: 187–193.
  • Rauch, N., Nauen, R. (2003). Spirodiclofen resistance risk assessment in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): a biochemical approach. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 74: 91-101.
  • Rosenthal, G.A., Berenbaum, M.R. (1991). Herbivores: their interaction with secondary plant metabolites. Vol. 2, Ecological and Evolutionary Processes. London:Academic Press.
  • Sabelis, M.W., Janssen, A., Pallini, A., Venzon, M., Bruin, J., Drukker, B., Scutareanu, P. (1999). Behavioral responses of predatory and herbivorous arthropods to induced plant volatiles: from evolutionary ecology to agricultural implications. In AA Agrawal, S Tuzun, E Bent, eds, Induced Plant Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, pp 269–296.
  • Scott, J.G. (1999). Cytochromes P450 and insecticide resistance. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 29: 757-777.
  • Stumpf, N., Nauen, R. (2002). Biochemical markers linked to abamaectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 72: 111-121.
  • Stumpf, N., Nauen, R. (2001). Cross-Resistance, inheritance and biochemistry of mitochondrial electron transport inhibitör-acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomololgy 94(6): 1577-1583.
  • Tirello, P., Pozzebon, A., Cassanelli,S., Van Leeuwen, T., Duso, C. (2012). Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae: toxicological and enzymatic assays. Experimental and Applied Acarology 57(1): 53-64.
  • Tsagkarakou, A., Navajas, M., Rousset, F., Pasteur, N. (1999). Genetic differentiation in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) from greenhouses in france. Experimental and Applied Acarology 23: 365-378.
  • Van Den Boom, C.E.M., Van Beek, T.A., Posthumus, M.A., Groot, A.D., Dicke, M. (2004). Qualitative and quantitative variation among volatile profiles induced by Tetranychus urticae feeding on plants from various families. Journal of Chemical Ecology 30(1): 69-89.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., Tirry, L. (2007). Esterase-mediated bifenthrin resistance in a multiresistant strain of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Pest Mnagement Science 63:150156.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., Pottelberge, S.V., Tirry, L. (2005). Comparative acaricide susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activities in field-collected resistant and susceptible strains of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science 61: 499-507.
  • Van Leeuwen, T.V., Tirry, L., Nauen, R. (2006). Complete maternal inheritance of bfenazate resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its implications in mode of action considerations. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 36: 869-877.
  • Vontas, J.G., Enayati, A.A., Small, G.J., Hemingway, J. (2000). A simple biochemical assay for glutathione s-transferase activity and ıts possible field application for screening glutathione-s-transferase- based ınsecticide resistance. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 68: 184-192.
  • Winer, B.J., Brown, D.R., Michels, K.M. (1991). Statistical Principles In Experimental Design, New York 552 pp.
  • Yang, X., Buschman, L.L., Zhu, K.Y., Margolies, D.C. (2002). Susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activity in two spider mite species (Acari: Tetranychidae) after selection with three ınsecticides. Journal of Economic Entomology 95(2): 399-406.
  • Yu, S.J. (2008). The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides. CRC Pres Taylor-Francis Group, 250 pp.

Farklı Bitkiler Üzerinde Yetiştirilen Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)’nin Esteraz ve Glutathion S-Transferaz Enzim Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 6, 01.06.2013

Sibel Yorulmaz Salman Fatih Bayrak Rıfat Kılıçoğlu İdris Sancar Recep Ay

Öz

Bu çalışmada Tetranychus urticae’nin farklı bitkilerde yetiştirilmesi sonucu esteraz ve glutathion-S-transferaz (GST) enzim miktarlarındaki değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Konukçu bitki olarak fasulye (Phaseolius vulgaris), hıyar (Cucumis sativus) , domates (Lycopersicon esculentum), biber (Capsicum annuum), patlıcan (Solanum melongena) ve kabak (Cucurbita pepo) bitkileri kullanılmıştır. Farklı bitkiler üzerinde yetiştirilen T.urticae popülasyonlarında GST enzimi kinetik yöntemle, esteraz enzimi hem elektroforez hem de kinetik yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. Esteraz enziminin elektroforetik olarak incelenmesi sonucunda en yoğun bant kalınlığı kabak ve patlıcanda yetiştirilen popülasyonlarda, en az bant kalınlığı ise domates ve biber üzerinde yetiştirilen popülasyonlarda belirlenmiştir. Esteraz ve GST enzim aktiviteleri sırasıyla 13.53 ve 3.68 mOD -1 min -1 mg değerleri ile kabak bitkisinde yetiştirilen popülasyonda en yüksek bulunmuştur. Biber bitkisinde yetiştirilen popülasyonda ise esteraz ve GST enzim aktiviteleri 5.83 ve 1.36 mOD -1 min -1 mg değerleri ile en düşük olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tetranychus urticae sebze esteraz glutathion-S-transferaz detoksifikasyon enzimleri

Kaynakça

  • Ay, R., Gürkan, M.O. (2005). Resistance to bifenthrin and resistance mechanisms of different strains of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) from Turkey. Phytoparasitica 33: 237-244.
  • Ay, R., Kara, F.E. (2011). Toxicity, inheritance and biochemistry of clofentezine resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Science 18(5): 503-511.
  • Ay, R., Yorulmaz, S. (2009). Inheritance and detoxification enzyme levels in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) strain selected with chlorpyrifos. Journal of Pest Science 83: 85-93.
  • Baffi, M.A., Pereira, C.D., Souza, G.R., Bonetti, A.M., Ceron C.B., Gourlart, L.R. (2005). Esterase profile in a pyrethroid-resistant Brazilian strain of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). Genetics and Molecular Biology 28(4): 749- 753.
  • Goka, K., Takafuji, A. (1992). Enzyme variations among Japanese populations of the twospotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Applied Entomology Zoology 27:141– 150.
  • Khajehali, J., Nieuwenhuyse, P., Demaeght, P., Tirry, L., Van Leeuwen, T. (2011). Acaricide resistance and resistance mechanisms in Tetranychus urticae populations from rose greenhouses in the Netherlands. Pest Management Science 67: 1424–1433.
  • Kim, Y.J., Lee, S.H., Lee, S.W., Ahn, Y.J. (2004). Fenpyroximate resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): crossresistance and biochemical resistance mechanisms. Pest Management Science 60(10): 1001-1006.
  • Konanz, S., Nauen, R. (2004). Purification and partial characetrization of a glutathione s-transferase from the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 79(2): 49-57.
  • Lin, H., Chuan-hua, X., Jin-jun, W., Ming, L., Wencai, L., Zhi-mo, Z. (2009). Resistance selection and biochemical mechanism of resistance to two acaricides in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boiduval). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 93: 47-52.
  • Moghadama, M.M., Ghadamyaria, M., Talebi, K. (2012). Resistance mechanisms to fenazaquin in Iranian populations of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). International Journal of Acarology 38(2): 138-145.
  • Niu,J.Z., Liu, G.Y., Wei Dou, W., Wang, J.J. (2011). Susceptibility and activity of gutathione stransferases in nine field populations of Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) to pyridaben and azocyclotin. Florida Entomologist 94(2): 321-329.
  • Öncüer, C. (2004). Tarımsal zararlılarla savaş yöntemleri ve ilaçları. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 19, 424s. Aydın. Oppenoorth, F.J., (1984) .Biochemistry of insecticide resistance. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 22: 187–193.
  • Rauch, N., Nauen, R. (2003). Spirodiclofen resistance risk assessment in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): a biochemical approach. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 74: 91-101.
  • Rosenthal, G.A., Berenbaum, M.R. (1991). Herbivores: their interaction with secondary plant metabolites. Vol. 2, Ecological and Evolutionary Processes. London:Academic Press.
  • Sabelis, M.W., Janssen, A., Pallini, A., Venzon, M., Bruin, J., Drukker, B., Scutareanu, P. (1999). Behavioral responses of predatory and herbivorous arthropods to induced plant volatiles: from evolutionary ecology to agricultural implications. In AA Agrawal, S Tuzun, E Bent, eds, Induced Plant Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, pp 269–296.
  • Scott, J.G. (1999). Cytochromes P450 and insecticide resistance. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 29: 757-777.
  • Stumpf, N., Nauen, R. (2002). Biochemical markers linked to abamaectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 72: 111-121.
  • Stumpf, N., Nauen, R. (2001). Cross-Resistance, inheritance and biochemistry of mitochondrial electron transport inhibitör-acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomololgy 94(6): 1577-1583.
  • Tirello, P., Pozzebon, A., Cassanelli,S., Van Leeuwen, T., Duso, C. (2012). Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae: toxicological and enzymatic assays. Experimental and Applied Acarology 57(1): 53-64.
  • Tsagkarakou, A., Navajas, M., Rousset, F., Pasteur, N. (1999). Genetic differentiation in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) from greenhouses in france. Experimental and Applied Acarology 23: 365-378.
  • Van Den Boom, C.E.M., Van Beek, T.A., Posthumus, M.A., Groot, A.D., Dicke, M. (2004). Qualitative and quantitative variation among volatile profiles induced by Tetranychus urticae feeding on plants from various families. Journal of Chemical Ecology 30(1): 69-89.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., Tirry, L. (2007). Esterase-mediated bifenthrin resistance in a multiresistant strain of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Pest Mnagement Science 63:150156.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., Pottelberge, S.V., Tirry, L. (2005). Comparative acaricide susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activities in field-collected resistant and susceptible strains of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science 61: 499-507.
  • Van Leeuwen, T.V., Tirry, L., Nauen, R. (2006). Complete maternal inheritance of bfenazate resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its implications in mode of action considerations. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 36: 869-877.
  • Vontas, J.G., Enayati, A.A., Small, G.J., Hemingway, J. (2000). A simple biochemical assay for glutathione s-transferase activity and ıts possible field application for screening glutathione-s-transferase- based ınsecticide resistance. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 68: 184-192.
  • Winer, B.J., Brown, D.R., Michels, K.M. (1991). Statistical Principles In Experimental Design, New York 552 pp.
  • Yang, X., Buschman, L.L., Zhu, K.Y., Margolies, D.C. (2002). Susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activity in two spider mite species (Acari: Tetranychidae) after selection with three ınsecticides. Journal of Economic Entomology 95(2): 399-406.
  • Yu, S.J. (2008). The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides. CRC Pres Taylor-Francis Group, 250 pp.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Sibel Yorulmaz Salman Bu kişi benim

Fatih Bayrak Bu kişi benim

Rıfat Kılıçoğlu Bu kişi benim

İdris Sancar Bu kişi benim

Recep Ay Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Salman, S. Y., Bayrak, F., Kılıçoğlu, R., Sancar, İ., vd. (2013). Farklı Bitkiler Üzerinde Yetiştirilen Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)’nin Esteraz ve Glutathion S-Transferaz Enzim Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(1), 1-6.