Araştırma Makalesi
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Yeşil Sentez Yöntemi İle Althaea officinalis Bitkisi Kullanılarak Elde Edilen Nanokompozitlerin Karakterizasyonu ve Hemolitik Aktivitelerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 22 - 32, 27.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.1402681

Öz

Bu çalışmada toksik olmayan yeşil sentez yöntemi ile yumurta tozu kullanılarak metal oksit nanokompozitleri sentezlenmiştir. Burdur yöresinden toplanan Althaea officinalis (A. officinalis-hatmi) bitkisinin kırmızımsı-pembe çiçek kısımlarından farklı çözücülerle (etanol, metanol, aseton ve ultra saf su) bitki özütleri hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan bu bitki özütlerinin kuersetin ve gallik asit miktarları HPLC (Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografisi) analizi ile tespit edilmiştir. HPLC analiz sonuçlarına göre seçilen bitki özütü ile toz hale getirilen temel inorganik bileşeni CaCO3 olan yumurta kabukları tozu metal çözeltilerine eklenerek nanokompozit yapılar sentezlenmiştir. Elde edilen nanokompozit yapıların ATR-FTIR (Zayıflatılmış Toplam Yansıma- Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi), XRD (X-ışını Difraksiyon Spektroskopisi) ve SEM-EDX (Enerji Dağılımlı X-Ray Dedektörlü Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu) analizleri ile karakterizasyon çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda MgO ve Al2O nanopartikülleri (NP) içeren nanokompozitler sentezlenmiştir. Sentezlenen nanokompozitlerin hemoliz deneyleri sonucunda hemouyumlu oldukları tespit edilmiştir.



Anahtar kelimeler: Yumurta kabuğu, nanokompozit, yeşil sentez, metal nanopartiküller, Althaea officinalis

Destekleyen Kurum

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Proje Numarası

0919-DR-23

Teşekkür

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi 09-DR-23 no’ lu BAP projesi kapsamında yürütülen bu çalışmaya destek sağlayan Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ ne teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

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  • Abdallah, Y., Liu. M., Ogunyemi, S.O., Ahmed, T., Fouad, H., Abdelazez, A., Yan, C., Yang, Y., Chen, J., & Li, B. (2020). Bioinspired green synthesis of chitosan and zinc oxide nanoparticles with strong antibacterial activity against rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae. Molecules, 25(20), 4795. https:// doi:10.3390/molecules25204795
  • Adeosun, S.O., Lawal, G.I., Balogun, S.A., & Akpan, E.I. (2012). Review of green polymer nanocomposites. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 11(4), 385-416. https://10.4236/jmmce.2012.114028
  • Barakat, M.A., Anjum, M., Kumar, R., Alafif, Z.O., Oves, M., & Ansari, M.O. (2020). Design of ternary Ni(OH)2/graphene oxide/TiO2 nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic, microbial contaminants, and aerobic digestion of dairy wastewater. Journal of Cleaner Production, 258, 120588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.12058
  • Bee, S.L., & Abdul, H.Z.A. (2020). Hydroxyapatite derived from food industry bio-wastes: Syntheses, properties and its potential multifunctional applications. Ceramics International, 46, 17149–17175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.04.103
  • Bhagavatheswaran, E.S., Das, A., Rastin, H., Saeidi, H., Jafari, S.H., Vahabi, H., & Saeb, M.R. (2019). The taste of waste: the edge of eggshell over calcium carbonate in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 27(11), 2478–2489. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-019-01530-y
  • Bindhu, M.R., Umadevi, M., Esmail, G.A., Al-Dhabi, N.A., & Arasu, M.V. (2020). Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera flower and assessment of antimicrobial and sensing properties. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 205, 111836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111836
  • Chen J., Kuichang, Z., Yilin, L., Huang, X., Jiahui, H., Yang, Y., Wang, W., Chen, L., Jain, A., Verduzco, R., Li, X., & Li, O. (2022). Eggshell membrane derived nitrogen rich porous carbon for selective electrosorption of nitrate from water. Water Research, 216, 118351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118351
  • Choudhary, R., Venkatraman, S.K., Bulygina, I., Senatov, F., Kaloshkin, S., Anisimova, N., Kiselevskiy, M., Knyaeva, M., Kukui, D., & Swamiappan, S. (2021). Biomineralization, dissolution and cellular studies of silicate bioceramics prepared from eggshell and rice husk. Materials Science and Engineering, 118, 111456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111456
  • Ding, Q., Kang, Z., Cao, L., Lin, M., Lin, H., & Yang, D.P. (2020). Conversion of waste eggshell into difunctional Au/CaCO3 nanocomposite for 4-nitrophenol electrochemical detection and catalytic reduction. Applied Surface Science, 510, 145526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145526
  • Dobrovolskaia, M.A., Clogston, J.D., Neun, B.W., Hall, J.B., Patri, A.K., & McNeil, S.E. (2008). Method for analysis of nanoparticle hemolytic properties in vitro. Nano Letters, 8(8), 2180–2187. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl0805615
  • El-Borady, O.M., Fawzy, M., & Hosny, M. (2021). Antioxidant, anticancer and enhanced photocatalytic potentials of gold nanoparticles biosynthesized by common reed leaf extract. Applied Nanoscience, 13, 3149-3160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01776-w
  • Gomes, T., Caponio, F., & Alloggio, V., (1999). Phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil: Influence of paste preperation techniques. Food Chemistry, 64, 203-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00146-0
  • Gupta, P.K., Palanisamy, S., Gopal, T., Rajamani, R., Pandit, S., Sinha, S., & Thakur, V.K. (2021). Synthesis and characterization of novel Fe3O4/PVA/eggshell hybrid nanocomposite for photodegradation and antibacterial activity. Journal of Composites Science, 5(10), 267. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/jcs5100267.
  • He, X., Yang, D.P., Zhang, X., Liu, M., Kang, Z., Lin, C., & Luque, R. (2019). Waste eggshell membrane-templated CuO-ZnO nanocomposites with enhanced adsorption, catalysis and antibacterial properties for water purification. Chemical Engineering Journal, 369, 621-633.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.03.047
  • Honarmand, M., Mirzadeh, M., & Honarmand, M. (2020). Green synthesis of SnO2-ZnO-eggshell nanocomposites and study of their application in removal of mercury (II) ions from aqueous solution. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 18, 1581-1593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00576-8
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  • Huang, X., Chang, L., Lu, Y., Li, Z., Kang, Z., Zhang, X., Liu, M., & Yang, D. P. (2020b). Plant-mediated synthesis of dual-functional eggshell/Ag nanocomposites towards catalysis and antibacterial application. Materials Science and Engineering, 113, 111015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111015
  • Ijaz, M., Aftab, M., Afsheen, S., & Iqbal, T. (2020). Novel Au nano-grating for detection of water in various electrolytes, Applied Nanoscience. 10(11), 4029–4036. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01520-w
  • Kalaycı, T., Tunalı, B., Türköz Altuğ, D., & Kaya Kınaytürk, N. (2023). Quantum Chemical calculations of m-toluidine and investigation of its adsorption on eggshells. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(1), 169-183. https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.1210056
  • Kaya Kınaytürk, N., Tunalı, B., & Türköz Altuğ, D. (2021). Eggshell as a biomaterial can have a sorption capability on its surface: A spectroscopic research. Royal Society of Chemistry, 8, 210100. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210100
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  • Lunkov, A., Shagdarova, B., Konovalova, M., Zhuikova, Y., Drozd, N., Ilina, A., & Varlamov, V. (2020). Synthesis Of silver nanoparticles using gallic acid-conjugated chitosan derivatives. Carbohydrate Polymers, 234, 115916, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115916
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Characterization of Nanocomposites Obtained by Green Synthesis Method Using Althaea officinalis Plant and Evaluation of Their Hemolytic Activities

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 22 - 32, 27.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.1402681

Öz

In this study, metal oxide nanocomposites were synthesized using egg powder with a non-toxic green synthesis method. Plant extracts were prepared with different solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone and ultrapure water) from the reddish-pink flower parts of the Althaea officinalis (A. officinalis - marshmallow) plant collected from the Burdur region. Quercetin and gallic acid amounts of these prepared plant extracts were determined by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis. According to the HPLC analysis results, nanocomposite structures were synthesized by adding eggshell powder, the main inorganic component of which is CaCO3, which was pulverized with the selected plant extract, to metal solutions. Characterization studies of the obtained nanocomposite structures were carried out by ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflectance- Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy) and SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Detector) analyses. As a result of the study, nanocomposites containing MgO and Al2O nanoparticles (NP) were synthesized. It was determined that the synthesized nanocomposites were hemocompatible as a result of hemolysis experiments.

Keywords: Eggshell, nanocomposite, green synthesis, metal nanoparticles, Althaea officinalis

Proje Numarası

0919-DR-23

Kaynakça

  • Türköz Altuğ, D., Kaya Kınaytürk, N., Kalaycı, T., & Tunalı, B. (2022). Heavy metal adsorption with eggshell of Phasianus colchicus. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 17(1), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.29233/sdufeffd.1095952
  • Abdallah, Y., Liu. M., Ogunyemi, S.O., Ahmed, T., Fouad, H., Abdelazez, A., Yan, C., Yang, Y., Chen, J., & Li, B. (2020). Bioinspired green synthesis of chitosan and zinc oxide nanoparticles with strong antibacterial activity against rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae. Molecules, 25(20), 4795. https:// doi:10.3390/molecules25204795
  • Adeosun, S.O., Lawal, G.I., Balogun, S.A., & Akpan, E.I. (2012). Review of green polymer nanocomposites. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 11(4), 385-416. https://10.4236/jmmce.2012.114028
  • Barakat, M.A., Anjum, M., Kumar, R., Alafif, Z.O., Oves, M., & Ansari, M.O. (2020). Design of ternary Ni(OH)2/graphene oxide/TiO2 nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic, microbial contaminants, and aerobic digestion of dairy wastewater. Journal of Cleaner Production, 258, 120588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.12058
  • Bee, S.L., & Abdul, H.Z.A. (2020). Hydroxyapatite derived from food industry bio-wastes: Syntheses, properties and its potential multifunctional applications. Ceramics International, 46, 17149–17175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.04.103
  • Bhagavatheswaran, E.S., Das, A., Rastin, H., Saeidi, H., Jafari, S.H., Vahabi, H., & Saeb, M.R. (2019). The taste of waste: the edge of eggshell over calcium carbonate in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 27(11), 2478–2489. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-019-01530-y
  • Bindhu, M.R., Umadevi, M., Esmail, G.A., Al-Dhabi, N.A., & Arasu, M.V. (2020). Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera flower and assessment of antimicrobial and sensing properties. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 205, 111836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111836
  • Chen J., Kuichang, Z., Yilin, L., Huang, X., Jiahui, H., Yang, Y., Wang, W., Chen, L., Jain, A., Verduzco, R., Li, X., & Li, O. (2022). Eggshell membrane derived nitrogen rich porous carbon for selective electrosorption of nitrate from water. Water Research, 216, 118351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118351
  • Choudhary, R., Venkatraman, S.K., Bulygina, I., Senatov, F., Kaloshkin, S., Anisimova, N., Kiselevskiy, M., Knyaeva, M., Kukui, D., & Swamiappan, S. (2021). Biomineralization, dissolution and cellular studies of silicate bioceramics prepared from eggshell and rice husk. Materials Science and Engineering, 118, 111456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111456
  • Ding, Q., Kang, Z., Cao, L., Lin, M., Lin, H., & Yang, D.P. (2020). Conversion of waste eggshell into difunctional Au/CaCO3 nanocomposite for 4-nitrophenol electrochemical detection and catalytic reduction. Applied Surface Science, 510, 145526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145526
  • Dobrovolskaia, M.A., Clogston, J.D., Neun, B.W., Hall, J.B., Patri, A.K., & McNeil, S.E. (2008). Method for analysis of nanoparticle hemolytic properties in vitro. Nano Letters, 8(8), 2180–2187. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl0805615
  • El-Borady, O.M., Fawzy, M., & Hosny, M. (2021). Antioxidant, anticancer and enhanced photocatalytic potentials of gold nanoparticles biosynthesized by common reed leaf extract. Applied Nanoscience, 13, 3149-3160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01776-w
  • Gomes, T., Caponio, F., & Alloggio, V., (1999). Phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil: Influence of paste preperation techniques. Food Chemistry, 64, 203-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00146-0
  • Gupta, P.K., Palanisamy, S., Gopal, T., Rajamani, R., Pandit, S., Sinha, S., & Thakur, V.K. (2021). Synthesis and characterization of novel Fe3O4/PVA/eggshell hybrid nanocomposite for photodegradation and antibacterial activity. Journal of Composites Science, 5(10), 267. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/jcs5100267.
  • He, X., Yang, D.P., Zhang, X., Liu, M., Kang, Z., Lin, C., & Luque, R. (2019). Waste eggshell membrane-templated CuO-ZnO nanocomposites with enhanced adsorption, catalysis and antibacterial properties for water purification. Chemical Engineering Journal, 369, 621-633.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.03.047
  • Honarmand, M., Mirzadeh, M., & Honarmand, M. (2020). Green synthesis of SnO2-ZnO-eggshell nanocomposites and study of their application in removal of mercury (II) ions from aqueous solution. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 18, 1581-1593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00576-8
  • Huang, Y., Ji, Y., Kang, Z., Li, F., Ge, S., Yang, D.-P., Ruan, J., & Fan, X. (2020a). Integrating eggshell-derived CaCO3/MgO nanocomposites and chitosan into a biomimetic scaffold for bone regeneration. Chemical Engineering Journal, 395, 125098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125098
  • Huang, X., Chang, L., Lu, Y., Li, Z., Kang, Z., Zhang, X., Liu, M., & Yang, D. P. (2020b). Plant-mediated synthesis of dual-functional eggshell/Ag nanocomposites towards catalysis and antibacterial application. Materials Science and Engineering, 113, 111015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111015
  • Ijaz, M., Aftab, M., Afsheen, S., & Iqbal, T. (2020). Novel Au nano-grating for detection of water in various electrolytes, Applied Nanoscience. 10(11), 4029–4036. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01520-w
  • Kalaycı, T., Tunalı, B., Türköz Altuğ, D., & Kaya Kınaytürk, N. (2023). Quantum Chemical calculations of m-toluidine and investigation of its adsorption on eggshells. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(1), 169-183. https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.1210056
  • Kaya Kınaytürk, N., Tunalı, B., & Türköz Altuğ, D. (2021). Eggshell as a biomaterial can have a sorption capability on its surface: A spectroscopic research. Royal Society of Chemistry, 8, 210100. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210100
  • Kiselev, K.V., Dubrovina, A.S., Veselova, M.V., Bulgakov, V. P., Fedoreyev, S.A., & Zhuravlev, Y.N. (2007). The rol-B gene-induced over production of resveratrol in Vitis amurensis transformed cells. Journal of Biotechnology, 128, 681-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.11.008
  • Li, X., Ma, M., Ahn, D.U., & Huang, X. (2018). Preparation and characterization of novel eggshell membrane-chitosan blend films for potential wound-care dressing: From waste to medicinal products. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 123, 477-484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.215
  • Lunkov, A., Shagdarova, B., Konovalova, M., Zhuikova, Y., Drozd, N., Ilina, A., & Varlamov, V. (2020). Synthesis Of silver nanoparticles using gallic acid-conjugated chitosan derivatives. Carbohydrate Polymers, 234, 115916, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115916
  • Maisa, W., & Awwad, A.M. (2021). A novel route for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using Bougainvillea plant flowers extract and antifungal activity evaluation. Chemistry International, 7(1), 71–78.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4042902
  • Martel, R.M., Du, J., & Hincke, M.T. (2012). Proteomic analysis provides new insight into the chicken eggshell cuticle. Journal Proteomics, 75, 2697–2706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2012.03.019
  • Mittal, A.K., Kumar, S., & Banerjee, U.C. (2014). Quercetin and gallic acid mediated synthesis of bimetallic (silver and selenium) nanoparticles and their antitumor and antimicrobial potential. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 431, 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2014.06.030
  • Muthu, K., & Priya, S. (2017). Green synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of silver nanoparticles using Cassia auriculata flower extract separated fraction. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 179, 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2017.02.024
  • Nasrollahzadeh, M., Sajadi, S.M., & Hatamifard, A. (2016). Waste chicken eggshell as a natural valuable resource and environmentally benign support for biosynthesis of catalytically active Cu/eggshell, Fe3O4/eggshell and Cu/Fe3O4/eggshell nanocomposites. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 191, 209–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.02.042
  • Oves, M., Rauf, M.A., Aslam, M., Qari, H.A., Sonbol, H., Ahmad, I., Zaman, G.S., & Saeed, M. (2022). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Conocarpus Lancifolius plant extract and their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 29, 460–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.007
  • Owuamanam, S., & Cree, D. (2020). Progress of bio-calcium carbonate waste eggshell and seashell fillers in polymer composites: A review. Journal of Composites Science, 4(2), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs4020070
  • Palithya, S., Gaddam, S.A., Kotakadi, V.S., Penchalaneni, J., Golla, N., Krishna, S.B.N., & Naidu, C.V. (2021). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using flower extracts of Aerva lanata and their biomedical applications. Particulate Science and Technology, 20, 84-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2021.1919259
  • Parvin, S., Biswas, B.K., Rahman, M.A., Rahman, M.H., Anik, M.S., & Uddin, M.R. (2019). Study on adsorption ofCongo red onto chemically modified egg shellmembrane, Chemosphre, 236, 124326.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.057
  • Renuka, R., Devi, K.R., Sivakami, M., Thilagavathi, T., Uthrakumar, R., & Kaviyarasu, K. (2020). Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract for antimicrobial application. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 24, 101567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101567
  • Ruhaimi, A.H., & Aziz, M.A. (2021). High-performance flake-like mesoporous magnesium oxide prepared by eggshell membrane template for carbon dioxide capture. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 300, 122242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122242
  • Rohaizad, A., Shahabuddin, S., Shahid, M.M., Rashid, N.M., Hir, Z.A.M., Ramly, M.M., Awang, K., Siong, C.W., & Aspanut, Z. (2020). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Catharanthus roseus dried bark extract deposited on graphene oxide for effective adsorption of methylene blue dye. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8(4), 103955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.103955
  • Sadighara, P., Gharibi, S., Jafari, A.M., Khaniki, G.J., & Salari, S.(2012). The antioxidant and flavonoids contents of of Althaea officinalis L. flowers based on their color. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine Received, 2(3), 113-117.
  • Sajadi, S.M., Kolo, K., Abdullah, S.M., Hamad, S.M., Khalid, H.S., & Yasin, A.T. (2018). Green synthesis of highlyrecyclable CuO/eggshell nanocomposite to efficientremoval of aromatic containing compounds andreduction of 4-Nitrophenol at room temperature.Surfaces and Interfaces, 15, 205-215.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2018.08.006
  • Sarıbuğra, S. (2014). Manyetik nanopartiküllerin analitikincelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış Doktora tezi]. İstanbulÜniversitesi.
  • Shah, S.T., Yehya, W.A., Saad, O., Simarani, K., Chowdhury,Z., Alhadi, A.A., & Al-Ani, L.A. (2017). Surfacefunctionalization of ıron oxide nanoparticles with gallicacid as potential antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.Nanomaterials, 7(10), 306.https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7100306
  • Snafi A.E. (2013). The pharmaceutical importance ofAlthaea officinalis and Althaea rosea: A review.International Journal of PharmTech Research, 5, 1378–1385.
  • Swilam, N., & Nematallah, K.A. (2020). Polyphenols profileof pomegranate leaves and their role in green synthesisof silver nanoparticles. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–11.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71847-5
  • Torres-Mansilla, A.C., & Delgado-Mejia, E. (2017).Influence of separation techniques with acid solutionson the composition of eggshell membrane.International Journal of Poultry Science, 16(11), 451-456.https://doi10.3923/ijps.2017.451.456
  • Tunalı, B., Türköz Altuğ, D., Kaya Kınaytürk, N., & Tüzün, G.C. (2021). Removal of heavy metals (copper and lead)using waste eggshell with two different species andthree different forms. Mehmet Akif Ersoy ÜniveristesiFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(1), 434-445.https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.983222
  • Yorseng, K., Siengchin, S., Ashok, B., & Rajulu, A.V. (2020). Nanocomposite eggshell powder within situ generated silver nanoparticles using inherent collagen as reducing agent. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 5(2), 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobab.2020.04.003
  • Xu, Y.-J., Dong, L., Lu, Y., Zhang, L.-C., An, D., Gao, H.-L., & Yu, S.-H. (2016). Magnetic hydroxyapatite nanoworms for magnetic resonance diagnosis of acute hepatic injury. Nanoscale, 8(3), 1684–1690. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5nr07023f
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Bitki Biyokimyası, Bitki Bilimi (Diğer), Nanomalzemeler
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Büşra Şensoy Gün 0000-0001-5190-9490

Belgin Tunalı 0000-0003-0768-679X

Rafig Gurbanov 0000-0002-5293-6447

Proje Numarası 0919-DR-23
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Haziran 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 18 Ocak 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şensoy Gün, B., Tunalı, B., & Gurbanov, R. (2024). Yeşil Sentez Yöntemi İle Althaea officinalis Bitkisi Kullanılarak Elde Edilen Nanokompozitlerin Karakterizasyonu ve Hemolitik Aktivitelerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(1), 22-32. https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.1402681