TALCOTT PARSONS VE NİKLAS LUHMANN’DA MEŞRUİYET DÜŞÜNCESİ: ÖRGÜTSEL VE İŞLEMSEL MEŞRUİYET - LEGITIMACY CONCEPTIONS OF TALCOTT PARSONS AND NIKLAS LUHMANN: ORGANIZATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL LEGITIMACY

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 20, 265 - 282, 30.09.2017

Tuncer Fidan

https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.315487

Cited By: 1

Öz

20.
yüzyılda Weber’den sonra sosyal teori içinde tarihi-sosyolojik yaklaşımın en
etkili isimleri arasında Parsons ve Luhmann’ı zikretmek mümkündür. Bu çalışmada
Parsons ve Luhmann’ın sosyal sistem ve meşruiyet kavramlaştırmaları
tartışılarak bu kavramların tarihi-sosyolojik yaklaşım içindeki gelişim süreci betimlenmiştir.
Parsons toplumun işlevsel sorunlarla mücadele şekillerine dayalı olarak sosyal
sistem kavramlaştırması yaparken, Luhmann artan çevresel karmaşıklık karşısında
sosyal sistemlerin karmaşıklık azaltıcı etkilerine ve otopoyiyetik değişme mekanizmalarına
vurgu yapmaktadır. Parsons dengeye odaklanarak uzlaşma sürecinde etkili olan
çatışma ve çelişkileri değerler sistemine havale etmektedir. Luhmann ise
yasal-pozitivist bir yaklaşım benimseyerek işlemlere ve işlemleri düzenleyen
yasal normlara yüzeysel bir uyumun meşrulaştırıcı etkisini öne çıkarmaktadır. Meşrulaşma
sürecinde etkili olan normatif tartışmaları tam olarak açıklayamamaları, her
iki meşruiyet kavramlaştırması için temel zayıflık olarak görülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal Sistem, Meşruiyet, Örgütsel Meşruiyet, İşlemsel Meşruiyet

Kaynakça

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