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Hypertensive Retinopathy and Risk Factors in Eskisehir Population

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 83 - 86, 01.12.2018

Öz

Aim: Hypertension is affecting the retinal, choroidal and optic nerve circulation. The retinal vascular network is a small copy of the systemic vascular network and can only be examined by a simple retinal examination, thus giving a direct overview of the overall microvascular structure. Follow-up of retinopathy is important in determining systemic prediction. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hypertensive retinopathy, risk factors and accompanying systemic diseases. Methods: The study was a prospective study. Participants who visited voluntarily to health centers in Eskişehir were included in the study. Age, gender, height, weight systolic SBP and diastolic blood pressure DBP , history of DM, history of HT, smoking and alcohol use and drugs used were questioned. A total of 5181 cases aged over 40 years were evaluated. Retinal photographs were evaluated in terms of the presence and severity of HTRP. The relationship between the presence and severity of HTRP with systemic and demographic factors. Results: The relationship between female gender, low education level, and high blood pressure was found to be correlated with the presence and severity of HTRP. but alcohol and cigarette use were not correlated with HTRP severity. Conclusion: Determining the related factors in the prevention of hypertensive retinopathy and also the complication of hypertension is important. most of these factors are can be changed and diagnosis of the disease and make provision against the complication are observed as a significant factor. In this respect, ıt is an important step that the hypertensive retinopathy and related factors diagnosed.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Modi, P. and T. Arsiwalla, Retinopathy, Hypertensive, in StatPearls. 2018, StatPearls Publishing StatPearls Publishing LLC.: Treasure Island (FL).
  • 2. Kabedi NN., et al., Hypertensive retinopathy and its association with cardiovascular, renal and cerebrovascular morbidity in Congolese patients. Cardiovasc J Afr 2014: 25(5): 228-32.
  • 3. Erden, S. and E. Bicakci, Hypertensive retinopathy: incidence, risk factors, and comorbidities. Clin Exp Hypertens, 2012;34(6): 397-401.
  • 4. Biesenbach, G. and J. Zazgornik, High prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy and coronary heart disease in hypertensive patients with persistent microalbuminuria under short intensive antihypertensive therapy. Clin Nephrol, 1994. 41(4): 211-8.
  • 5. Keane, E.M., et al., Eye screening in the elderly. Ir Med J, 1997. 90(4): 141-2.
  • 6. Cuspidi, C., et al., Prevalence and correlates of advanced retinopathy in a large selected hypertensive population. The Evaluation of Target Organ Damage in Hypertension (ETODH) study. Blood Press 2005;14(1): 25-31.
  • 7. Besharati, M.R., et al., Prevalence of retinopathy in hypertensive patients. Saudi Med J 2006;27(11): 1725-1728.
  • 8. Salako, B.L., et al., Unexpectedly high prevalence of target-organ damage in newly diagnosed Nigerians with hypertension. Cardiovasc J Afr 2007;18(2):77-83.
  • 9. Wong, T.Y., et al., A prospective cohort study of retinal arteriolar narrowing and mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2004;159(9): 819-825.
  • 10. Klein, R., B.E. Klein, and S.E. Moss, The relation of systemic hypertension to changes in the retinal vasculature: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1997:95; 329-48.
  • 11. Cugati, S., et al., Five-year incidence and progression of vascular retinopathy in persons without diabetes: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Eye (Lond) 2006;20(11): 1239-45.
  • 12. Pham, L.H., et al., Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: results from a STEPS survey. BMC Public Health 2009; 9: 291.
  • 13. Zou, H.D., et al., (Prevalence study of agerelated macular degeneration in Caojiadu blocks, Shanghai). Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi, 2005. 41(1): p. 15-9.
  • 14. Helvaci, M.R., et al., Funduscopic examination has limited benefit for management of hypertension. Int Heart J 2007;48(2) 187-94.
  • 15. Karki, K.J., Incidence of ophthalmoscopic fundus changes in hypertensive patients. KUMJ 2003;1(1): 27-31.
  • 16. Addo, J., L. Smeeth, and D.A. Leon, Hypertensive target organ damage in Ghanaian civil servants with hypertension. PLoS One 2009;4(8):e6672.
  • 17. Sharp, P.S., et al., Hypertensive retinopathy in Afro-Caribbeans and Europeans. Prevalence and risk factor relationships. Hypertension 1995;25(6):1322- 1325.
  • 18. Nemesure, B., et al., The relationship of body mass index and waist-hip ratio on the 9-year incidence of diabetes and hypertension in a predominantly Africanorigin population. Ann Epidemiol 2008;18(8):657- 663.

Eskişehir Populasyonunda Hipertansif Retinopati ve Risk Faktörleri

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 83 - 86, 01.12.2018

Öz

Amaç: Hipetansiyon retinal, koroidal ve optik sinir dolaşımını etkileyen önemli bir sistemik hastalıktır. Retinal damar ağı sistemik damar ağının küçük bir kopyasıdır ve sadece basit bir retinal muayene ile incelenebilir, böylece genel mikrovasküler yapı hakkında direkt bir bilgi verebilir. Hipertansiyon takininde retinopati bulguların takip edilmesi, sistemik ön görülerin tespitinde önemlidir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada 40 yaş üstü Eskişehir polpulasyonunda hipertansif retinopati sıklığı, risk faktörleri ve eşlik eden sistemik hastalıkların araştırılması hedeflendi. Metod: Prospektif çalışmada, Eskişehir kırsal semtlerine bağlı sağlık ocaklarına gönüllü olarak başvuran katılımcılar çalışmaya dahil edidi. Yaş, cinsiyet, boy,kilo sistolik kan basıncı SKB , diastolik kan basıncı DKB , DM hikayesi , HT hikayesi, sigara ve alkol kullanımı ile kullanılan ilaçların sorgulandığı anketler eğitili teknisyenler yardımıyla katlımcılar tarafından dolduruldu. Retina fotoğrafı çekilen 40 yaş üzerindeki 5181 olgu incelendi. Hipertansiyonlu hastaların retina fotoğrafları HTRP varlığı ve şiddeti açısından incelendi. HTRP varlığı ve şiddetinin sistemik ve demografik faktörleri ile ilişkisi araştırıldı. Bulgular: Kadın cinsiyet, düşük eğitim seviyesi ve yüksek tansiyon değerleri ile HTRP varlığı ve şiddeti arasında ilişki saptanırken alkol, sigara kullanımı ve ilaç kullanım düzeni arasında ilişki saptanmadı. Sonuç: Hipertansif retinopati ve hipertansiyona ait komplikasyonun önlenmesinde risk faktörlerin tespiti önemlidir. Bu faktörlerin çoğu değiştirilebilen faktörler olduğundan hastalığın tanısının konması ve önlemlerin alınması hastalığın kötü yönde progesyonun önlenmesinde önemli bir etken gibi gözlenmektedir. Bu yönüyle retinopati ve risk faktörlerinin tespiti önemli bir basamaktır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Modi, P. and T. Arsiwalla, Retinopathy, Hypertensive, in StatPearls. 2018, StatPearls Publishing StatPearls Publishing LLC.: Treasure Island (FL).
  • 2. Kabedi NN., et al., Hypertensive retinopathy and its association with cardiovascular, renal and cerebrovascular morbidity in Congolese patients. Cardiovasc J Afr 2014: 25(5): 228-32.
  • 3. Erden, S. and E. Bicakci, Hypertensive retinopathy: incidence, risk factors, and comorbidities. Clin Exp Hypertens, 2012;34(6): 397-401.
  • 4. Biesenbach, G. and J. Zazgornik, High prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy and coronary heart disease in hypertensive patients with persistent microalbuminuria under short intensive antihypertensive therapy. Clin Nephrol, 1994. 41(4): 211-8.
  • 5. Keane, E.M., et al., Eye screening in the elderly. Ir Med J, 1997. 90(4): 141-2.
  • 6. Cuspidi, C., et al., Prevalence and correlates of advanced retinopathy in a large selected hypertensive population. The Evaluation of Target Organ Damage in Hypertension (ETODH) study. Blood Press 2005;14(1): 25-31.
  • 7. Besharati, M.R., et al., Prevalence of retinopathy in hypertensive patients. Saudi Med J 2006;27(11): 1725-1728.
  • 8. Salako, B.L., et al., Unexpectedly high prevalence of target-organ damage in newly diagnosed Nigerians with hypertension. Cardiovasc J Afr 2007;18(2):77-83.
  • 9. Wong, T.Y., et al., A prospective cohort study of retinal arteriolar narrowing and mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2004;159(9): 819-825.
  • 10. Klein, R., B.E. Klein, and S.E. Moss, The relation of systemic hypertension to changes in the retinal vasculature: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1997:95; 329-48.
  • 11. Cugati, S., et al., Five-year incidence and progression of vascular retinopathy in persons without diabetes: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Eye (Lond) 2006;20(11): 1239-45.
  • 12. Pham, L.H., et al., Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: results from a STEPS survey. BMC Public Health 2009; 9: 291.
  • 13. Zou, H.D., et al., (Prevalence study of agerelated macular degeneration in Caojiadu blocks, Shanghai). Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi, 2005. 41(1): p. 15-9.
  • 14. Helvaci, M.R., et al., Funduscopic examination has limited benefit for management of hypertension. Int Heart J 2007;48(2) 187-94.
  • 15. Karki, K.J., Incidence of ophthalmoscopic fundus changes in hypertensive patients. KUMJ 2003;1(1): 27-31.
  • 16. Addo, J., L. Smeeth, and D.A. Leon, Hypertensive target organ damage in Ghanaian civil servants with hypertension. PLoS One 2009;4(8):e6672.
  • 17. Sharp, P.S., et al., Hypertensive retinopathy in Afro-Caribbeans and Europeans. Prevalence and risk factor relationships. Hypertension 1995;25(6):1322- 1325.
  • 18. Nemesure, B., et al., The relationship of body mass index and waist-hip ratio on the 9-year incidence of diabetes and hypertension in a predominantly Africanorigin population. Ann Epidemiol 2008;18(8):657- 663.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hakika Erdoğan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Erdoğan H. Eskişehir Populasyonunda Hipertansif Retinopati ve Risk Faktörleri. Maltepe tıp derg. 2018;10(3):83-6.