Termal olarak modifiye edilmiş dışbudak odunda faz değiştiren bir malzeme olarak 1-tetradekanolün performansı

Öz

Isıl işlemli odunda faz değiştiren malzemelerin kullanımı, odunun termal özelliklerini geliştirmek için yenilikçi bir yol sunarak çeşitli uygulamalarda enerji verimliliğine ve termal konfora katkıda bulunur. Bununla birlikte, kullanılan malzeme ve yöntemlerin dikkatli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi, bu teknolojinin etkinliğini ve pratikliğini sağlamak için esastır. Faz değiştiren malzemeler (FDM), çeşitli yöntemlerle ısıl işlem uygulanmış oduna entegre edilebilir. Bunun için birçok yöntem vardır. Bu yöntemlerden biri FDM’nin oduna emprenyesidir. Diğer yöntem ise FDM’nin odun yüzeyinde üst yüzey işlemi veya cila olarak uygulanması. Bu çalışmada faz değiştiren malzeme olarak 1-tetradekanol (TD) kullanılmış ve termal olarak modifiye edilmiş dişbudak ağacı (TMA) üzerindeki etkinliği araştırılmıştır. TMA, enerji depolama uygulamalarında ısı kaybını en aza indirmek için gerekli olan daha iyi ısı yalıtım özelliklerine sahiptir. Bu amaçla, termal olarak modifiye edilmiş dişbudak odunundan (TMA) TD sızıntısı, sızıntı testi ile test edilmiştir. Örnekler diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetri (DSC), termogravimetrik analiz (TGA), fourier transform kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile incelendi. Sonuçlara göre sızıntı testinde az miktarda sızıntı vardı. TGA analizi, TD/TMA'nın, emprenyesiz ısıl işlemli onunda (TMA) 800°C'de bıraktığı %18.20'lik kalıntıya kıyasla %16.30'luk daha düşük bir kalıntı bıraktığını gösterdi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Termal enerji depolama
• odun
• vakum emprenyesi
• sızıntı testi

Characterization of 1-tetradecanol’s performance as a phase change material in thermally modified ash wood

Öz

The use of phase change materials in thermally modified wood presents an innovative way to enhance the thermal properties of wood, contributing to energy efficiency and thermal comfort in various applications. However, careful consideration of the materials and methods used is essential to ensure the effectiveness and practicality of this technology. Phase change materials (PCM) can be integrated into thermally modified wood through various methods. One common method is impregnation, where the PCM is infused into the wood structure. Another method could be the application of PCM in coatings or finishes applied to the wood surface. In this study, 1-tetradecanol (TD) was used as a PCM and its effectiveness on thermally modified ash wood (TMA) was investigated. TMA has better thermal insulation properties, which are essential in energy storage applications to minimize heat loss. For this purpose, the leaching of TD from TMA was examined. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were examined. According to the results, there was a small amount of leakage in the leakage test. TGA analysis showed that TD/TMA left a lower residue of 16.30% at 800°C compared to the residue of 18.20% left by untreated thermally modified wood (TMA).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Thermal energy storage
• wood
• vacuum impregnation
• leakage test.

Kaynakça

1. Amini, M. H., Temiz, A., Hekimoğlu, G., Köse Demirel, G., Sarı, A. (2022), Properties of Scots pine wood impregnated with capric acid for potential energy saving building material, Holzforschung, 76(8), 744-753. DOI: 10.1515/hf-2022-0007
2. Antonini, E., Gaspari, J. (2022), Architectures for Next Generation EU Cities: Challenges, Key Drivers, and Research Trends (p. 290). Franco Angeli.
3. Ayaz, H., Chinnasamy, V., Shin, M., Cho, H. (2023), Investigation of 1-tetradecanol with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes as PCM for high-density thermal energy storage, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.10.226.
4. Can, J. Žigon, (2022), n-Heptadecane-ımpregnated wood as a potential material for energy-saving buildings, Forests, 13 (2022) 1–10. DOI: 10.3390/f13122137
5. Demirel, G.K. (2023), Evaluation of lauric-myristic acid as phase change material in thermally modified wood for thermal energy storage, BioResources, 18(4),7186-7201, DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.7186-7201
6. Hekimoğlu, G., Sarı, A., Kar, T., Keleş, S., Kaygusuz, K., Yıldırım, N., Saleh, T. A. (2021), Carbonized waste hazelnut wood‐based shape‐stable composite phase change materials for thermal management implementations, International Journal of Energy Research, 45(7), 10271-10284. DOI: 10.1002/er.6514
7. Hekimoğlu, G., Sarı, A., Gencel, O., Tyagi, V. V., Sharma, R. K. (2023), Activated carbon/expanded graphite hybrid structure for development of nonadecane based composite PCM with excellent shape stability, enhanced thermal conductivity and heat charging-discharging performance, Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 44, 102081. DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2023.102081
8. Herrera, R., Sandak, J., Robles, E., Krystofiak, T., Labidi, J. (2018), Weathering resistance of thermally modified wood finished with coatings of diverse formulations, Progress in Organic Coatings, 119, 145-154. DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.015

9. Hill, C., Kymäläinen, M., Rautkari, L. (2022), Review of the use of solid wood as an external cladding material in the built environment, Journal of Materials Science, 57(20), 9031-9076. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-022-07211-x
10. Jirouš-Rajković, V., Miklečić, J. (2019), Heat-treated wood as a substrate for coatings, weathering of heat-treated wood, and coating performance on heat-treated wood, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2019, 1-9. DOI: 10.1155/2019/8621486
11. Li, M., Luo, F., Liang, X., Wang, S., Gao, X., Zhang, Z., Fang, Y. (2023), Myristic acid-tetradecanol-capric acid ternary eutectic/SiO2/MIL-100 (Fe) as phase change humidity control material for indoor temperature and humidity control, Journal of Energy Storage, 74, 109437. DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2023.109437
12. Lund, H. (2010), The role of sustainable buildings in 100% renewable energy systems, In e-nova-Internationaler Kongress 2010: Nachhaltige Gebäude (pp. 1-8). Fachhochschulstudiengänge Burgenland.
13. Najjar, M., Figueiredo, K., Hammad, A. W., Haddad, A. (2019), Integrated optimization with building information modeling and life cycle assessment for generating energy efficient buildings, Applied Energy, 250, 1366-1382, DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.05.101
14. Rowell, R. M. (2005), Handbook of wood chemistry and wood composites. CRC press.
15. Temiz, A., Kose, G., Panov, D., Terziev, N., Alma, M. H., Palanti, S., Akbas, S. (2013), Effect of bio‐oil and epoxidized linseed oil on physical, mechanical, and biological properties of treated wood, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 130(3), 1562-1569. DOI: 10.1002/app.39334
16. Temiz, A., Hekimoğlu, G., Köse Demirel, G., Sarı, A., Mohamad Amini, M. H. (2020), Phase change material impregnated wood for passive thermal management of timber buildings, International Journal of Energy Research, 44(13), 10495-10505. DOI: 10.1002/er.5679
17. Tripathi, B. M., Shukla, S. K., Rathore, P. K. S. (2023), A comprehensive review on solar to thermal energy conversion and storage using phase change materials, Journal of Energy Storage, 72, 108280, DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2023.108280
18. Wimmers, G. (2017), Wood: a construction material for tall buildings. Nature Reviews Materials, 2(12), 1-2. DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2017.51
19. Yildiz, S., Tomak, E. D., Yildiz, U. C., Ustaomer, D. (2013), Effect of artificial weathering on the properties of heat treated wood, Polymer degradation and stability, 98(8), 1419-1427, DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.05.004
20. Žegarac Leskovar, V., Premrov, M. (2021), A review of architectural and structural design typologies of multi-storey timber buildings in Europe, Forests, 12(6), 757, DOI: 10.3390/f12060757.