Evaluation of the wood machining characteristics and performance of Melia azedarach L. for furniture
Öz
The Philippine wood industry requires sustainable, indigenous alternatives to supplement limited commercial exotic species. This study evaluated the potential of Melia azedarach L. focusing on its machining characteristics and structural performance for high-value furniture manufacturing. Machining tests (ASTM D-1666-22) revealed the species has generally "Good" to "Excellent" workability across planing, turning, boring, shaping, and mortising. Optimal planing quality (98.80% defect-free area) was achieved using 25° and 30° knife hook angles, while boring quality was significantly enhanced by faster spindle speeds (2300 and 3900 rpm). Minimal defects such as chip marks, fuzzy grain, and torn grain were observed. For structural suitability, two prototype armchairs with mortise-tenon and dowel joint systems were subjected to rigorous strength and durability evaluation using ISO 7173:1989 test level 3. Both prototypes successfully passed all static, fatigue, and impact requirements without failure. The findings confirm that M. azedarach possesses favorable processing qualities and sufficient structural integrity, making it a viable and sustainable substitute material for durable furniture and high-value woodwork.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Melia azedarach wood machining jointing system furniture testing
Destekleyen Kurum
This project was supported by the DOST-FPRDI with project number 2022011
Proje Numarası
DOST-FPRDI 2022011
Teşekkür
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial and institutional support of DOST-FPRDI, as well as the to the DOST-NRCP “CareeR” Mentoring Program for providing mentoring support in developing this manuscript, which significantly contributed to the completion of this work. Appreciation is also extended to Engr. Victor G. Revilleza for his technical assistance during the machining operations and furniture performance testing. The authors likewise acknowledge Engr. Jovito A. Elec, Mr. Jonaz Nicolo T. Labastilla, Mr. Laidon L. Lastimoso, and Mr. Rosaurio L. Reyes Jr. for their support in the sawmilling, lumber preparation, and specimen fabrication for machining evaluation and prototyping of M. azedarach; Forester Oliver Marasigan for providing the log cross-section and microscopic images of M. azedarach. Lastly, the Pampanga Furniture Industries Foundation, Inc thru Ms. Lisa Samia for the manufacture of two armchair prototypes.
Kaynakça
- Aguilos, R,, Marquez, C., Adornado, H., and Aguilos, M., (2020). Domesticating commercially important native tree species in the Philippines: Early growth performance level, Forests 11(8), 885, DOI: 10.3390/f11080885
- Alipon, M. A., Alcachupas, P. L., Bondad, E. O., and Cortiguerra, E. C., (2017). Properties and utilization of Acacia mangium Willd. timber at different ages and sites in Caraga Region, Philippines, Lignocellulose, 6(2), 74-87.
- Alipon, M. A., Bondad, E. O., Gilbero, D. M., Jimenez, J. J. P., Domingo, E. P., and Marasigan, O. S., (2021). Anatomical properties and utilization of 3-, 5-, and 7-yr-old falcata (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.)) Barneby & JW Grimes] from Caraga Region, Mindanao Philippines, Philippine Journal of Science, 150(5), 1307-1319.
- Aras, O., and Sofuoğlu, S. D., (2021). The relationship of machining parameters with surface roughness in machining of chestnut (Castenia sativa Mill.) tree species with CNC, Furniture and Wooden Material Research Journal, 4(2), 114-125. DOI:10.33725/mamad.992157
- ASTM D1666-2022. Standard test methods for conducting machining tests of wood and wood-base panel materials.
- Barboutis, I., and Kamperidou, V., (2021). Shear strength of beech wood joints bonded with commercially produced PVAc D3 adhesives, International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 105, 102774. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2020.102774
- Belleville, B., Ashley, P., and Ozarska, B., (2016). Wood planing properties of Australian plantation-grown eucalypts, Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 18(3), 425-434. DOI: 10.4067/S0718-221X2016005000038
- Carmelo, W.H., (2005). DOST-FPRDI furnace-type lumber dryer, Forest Products Technoflow Series, 14, 1–14. Csanády, E., and Magoss, E., (2013). Mechanics of wood machining (pp. 168-171). Berlin: Springer.
- Davis, E. M., (1942). Machining and related characteristics of southern hardwoods. Tech. Bull, 324.
- DENR-FMB., (2023). Philippine Forestry Statistics. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1u YMd6FJosiT-12ltzZM8veYujjK_u3t3/view
- Derikvand, M., and Ebrahimi, G., (2014). Strength performance of mortise and loose-tenon furniture joints under uniaxial bending moment, Journal of Forestry Research, 25(2), 483–486. DOI: 10.1007/s11676-014-0479-5
- Erdil, Y. Z., Kasal, A., and Eckelman, C. A., (2005). Bending moment capacity of rectangular mortise and tenon furniture joints, Forest Products Journal, 55(12), 209–213.
- Fern, K., (2014). Melia azedarach. Tropical Plants Database. Retrieved from http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Melia+azedarach
- Hao, J., Xu, L., Wu, X., and Li, X., (2020). Analysis and modeling of the dowel connection in wood T-type joint for optimal performance, Composite Structures, 253, 112754. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112754
- Hoadley, B.R., (2000) Understanding wood: a craftsmans guide to wood technology. 280 p. Taunton Press.
- Hu, W. G., Yu, R. Z., and Yang, P., (2024). Characterizing roughness of wooden mortise and tenon considering effects of measured position and assembly condition. Forests, 15(9), 1584. DOI: 10.3390/f15091584.
- ISO 7173:1989. Furniture — Chairs and stools — Determination of strength and durability.
- Janíková, N., Šimek, M., Kořený, A., Gaff, M., and Hlavatý, J., (2025). Comparing furniture joint variants using a multi-criteria analysis, Wood Material Science & Engineering, 1-10, DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2445548
- Jankowska, A. (2020). Understanding of surface roughness of wood based on analysis its structure and density, Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW Forestry and Wood Technology, 111, 27-31. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.6421
- Jimenez, J.J.P., Escobin, R., and Conda, J.M., (2015). Profile of wood species used in local and imported plywood and their bond performance, Philippine Forest Products Journal, 6, 43-58.
- Jimenez, J.J.P., (2023). Drying Characteristics of Pandan (Pandanus simplex Merr.) Leaves Using the DOST-FPRDI Furnace-type Dryer, Philippine Journal of Science, 152, 2139-2147
- Jimenez J.J.P., Gilbero, D. M., and Alipon, M. A., (2021). Veneer and plywood properties of yemane (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) from 3-, 5-, and 7-year-old plantation trees. International Wood Products Journal, 12(4), 277-286, DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2021.1979823
- Jimenez J.J.P., Gilbero, D. M., and Alipon, M. A., (2022). Evaluation of young falcata plus-trees for veneer and plywood production in the Philippines, Philippine Journal of Science, 151 (6A), 2081-2092
- Jimenez, J. J. P., and Ramos, J. E. C., (2023). Gluing characteristics of giant bamboo using four commercial adhesives, Philippine Journal of Science, 152(5), 1809-1822.
- Joshi, R. C., (2006). Invasive alien species (IAS): concerns and status in the Philippines. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Development of Database (APASD) for Biological Invasion. FFTC, Taichung, Taiwan, China (pp. 1-23).
- Kang, C. W., Hashitsume, K., Jang, E., and Kolya, H., (2023). Relationship between wood anatomical features and surface roughness characteristics, Wood Research, 68, 455-464. DOI:10.37763/wr.1336-4561/68.3.455464
- Kłos, R., Fabisiak, B., and Ng, H.K.T., (2018). Comparative reliability analysis of selected joints for case furniture, BioResources, 13(3), 5111–5123, DOI: 10.15376/biores.13.3.5111-5123
- Kuşkun, T., Smardzewski, J., and Kasal, A., (2021). Experimental and numerical analysis of mounting force of auxetic dowels for furniture joints, Engineering Structures, 226, 111351. DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111351
- Laina, R., Sanz-Lobera, A., Villasante, A., López-Espí, P., Martínez-Rojas, J. A., Alpuente, J., and Vignote, S., (2017). Effect of the anatomical structure, wood properties and machining conditions on surface roughness of wood, Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 19(2), 203-212. DOI:10.4067/S0718-221X2017005000018
- Lim, S. C., Ten Choo, K., and Gan, K. S., (2002). The characteristics, properties and uses of plantation timbers-rubberwood and Acacia mangium, Timber Technology Centre, FRIM.
- Marasigan, O. S., and Mundin, M. A. M., (2024). Physico-mechanical properties and potential utilization of Melia azedarach L. grown in Quezon Province, the Philippines, Philippine Journal of Science, 153(4), 1429-1441.
- Marasigan, O. S., Daguinod, S. A., and Villareal, J. F., (2025). Physico-mechanical properties of two native tree species in the Philippines and their potential as alternatives to exotic industrial tree plantation species, Environment and Natural Resources, 23(4), 343-356, DOI:10.32526/ennrj/23/20250038
- Natividad, R. A., (2016). Pioneer tree species: Their potential uses and harvesting constraints, Ecosystems and Development Journal, 6(1), 32-36.
- Pinol, A., Perino, E., Pollisco, M., San Valentin, H. O., and Pacho, M. V., (2017). A Report on the Stocktaking of National Forest Invasive Species (FIS) Activities in the Philippines. Asia-Pacific Forest Invasive Species Network (APFISN).
- Sergeevichev, A., Vlasov, E., Lebedev, A., and Bogatova, E., (2022). Investigation of the surface quality and tool wear when forming the edges of wood materials, In International School on Neural Networks, Initiated by IIASS and EMFCSC (pp. 1531-1540). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
- Stehr, M., and Östlund, S., (2005). An investigation of the crack tendency on wood surfaces after different machining operations, Wood Research and Technology, 54(4), 427-436.
- Tankut, A. N., and Tankut, N., (2005). The effects of joint forms (shape) and dimensions on the strengths of mortise and tenon joints, Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29(6), 493-498.
- Thoma, H., Peri, L., and Lato, E., (2015). Evaluation of wood surface roughness depending on species characteristics, Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 17(2), 285-292, DOI:10.4067/S0718-221X2015005000027
- Tsai, T. H., (2023). Value-added to Small-Diameter Timber (Obtained from Hardwood Plantations) (Master of Science Thesis, Purdue University Graduate School).
- Tulod, A. M., Casas, J. V., Marin, R. A., and Ejoc, J. A. B., (2017). Diversity of native woody regeneration in exotic tree plantations and natural forest in Southern Philippines, Forest Science and Technology, 13(1), 31-40, DOI:10.1080/21580103.2017.1292958
- Uysal, M., and Haviarova, E., (2021). Evaluating design of mortise and tenon furniture joints under bending loads by lower tolerance limits, Wood and Fiber Science, 53(2), 109-125, DOI:10.22382/wfs-2021-13
- Vlaović, Z., Gržan, T., Župčić, I., Domljan, D., and Mihulja, G., (2024). Strength, durability, and aesthetics of corner joints and edge banding in furniture design: a review, Applied Sciences, 14(22), 10285. DOI:10.3390/app142210285
- Wengert, E. M., (1988). The wood doctor's Rx. Brook Forest Products Center, Department of Forest Products, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 378 p.
- Yaghoubi, S., and Rabiei, F., (2025). A profound evaluation of different strategies to improve surface roughness of manufactured part in wood-CNC machining process, Journal of Engineering Research, 13(3), 1854-1860, DOI: 10.1016/j.jer.2024.05.033
Evaluation of the wood machining characteristics and performance of Melia azedarach L. for furniture
Öz
Filipin ahşap endüstrisi, sınırlı sayıda ticari egzotik türün yerini dolduracak sürdürülebilir, yerli alternatiflere ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu çalışma, Melia azedarach L.'nin potansiyelini, yüksek değerli mobilya üretimi için işleme özelliklerine ve yapısal performansına odaklanarak değerlendirmiştir. İşleme testleri (ASTM D-1666-22), türün planyalama, tornalama, delme, şekillendirme ve oyma işlemlerinde genel olarak "İyi" ila "Mükemmel" işlenebilirliğe sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. 25° ve 30° bıçak kama açıları kullanılarak optimum planyalama kalitesi (%98.80 kusursuz alan) elde edilirken, delme kalitesi daha hızlı mil hızlarıyla (2300 ve 3900 dev/dak) önemli ölçüde artırılmıştır. Talaş izleri, puslu damarlar ve yırtık damarlar gibi minimum kusurlar gözlemlenmiştir. Yapısal uygunluk açısından, zıvana ve dübel birleştirme sistemleri kullanan iki prototip koltuk, ISO 7173:1989 seviye 3 test standardı kullanılarak mukavemet ve dayanıklılık değerlendirmesine tabi tutulmuştur. Her iki prototip de tüm statik, yorulma ve darbe gerekliliklerini hatasız bir şekilde başarıyla geçti. Elde edilen bulgular; M. Azedarach odununun uygun işleme özelliklerine ve yeterli yapısal bütünlüğe sahip olduğunu ve bu sayede dayanıklı mobilya ve yüksek değerli ahşap işçiliği için uygulanabilir ve sürdürülebilir bir alternatif malzeme olduğunu doğrulamıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Melia azedarach wood machining jointing system furniture testing
Destekleyen Kurum
DOST-FPRDI
Proje Numarası
DOST-FPRDI 2022011
Teşekkür
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial and institutional support of DOST-FPRDI, as well as the to the DOST-NRCP “CareeR” Mentoring Program for providing mentoring support in developing this manuscript, which significantly contributed to the completion of this work. Appreciation is also extended to Engr. Victor G. Revilleza for his technical assistance during the machining operations and furniture performance testing. The authors likewise acknowledge Engr. Jovito A. Elec, Mr. Jonaz Nicolo T. Labastilla, Mr. Laidon L. Lastimoso, and Mr. Rosaurio L. Reyes Jr. for their support in the sawmilling, lumber preparation, and specimen fabrication for machining evaluation and prototyping of M. azedarach; Forester Oliver Marasigan for providing the log cross-section and microscopic images of M. azedarach. Lastly, the Pampanga Furniture Industries Foundation, Inc thru Ms. Lisa Samia for the manufacture of two armchair prototypes.
Kaynakça
- Aguilos, R,, Marquez, C., Adornado, H., and Aguilos, M., (2020). Domesticating commercially important native tree species in the Philippines: Early growth performance level, Forests 11(8), 885, DOI: 10.3390/f11080885
- Alipon, M. A., Alcachupas, P. L., Bondad, E. O., and Cortiguerra, E. C., (2017). Properties and utilization of Acacia mangium Willd. timber at different ages and sites in Caraga Region, Philippines, Lignocellulose, 6(2), 74-87.
- Alipon, M. A., Bondad, E. O., Gilbero, D. M., Jimenez, J. J. P., Domingo, E. P., and Marasigan, O. S., (2021). Anatomical properties and utilization of 3-, 5-, and 7-yr-old falcata (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.)) Barneby & JW Grimes] from Caraga Region, Mindanao Philippines, Philippine Journal of Science, 150(5), 1307-1319.
- Aras, O., and Sofuoğlu, S. D., (2021). The relationship of machining parameters with surface roughness in machining of chestnut (Castenia sativa Mill.) tree species with CNC, Furniture and Wooden Material Research Journal, 4(2), 114-125. DOI:10.33725/mamad.992157
- ASTM D1666-2022. Standard test methods for conducting machining tests of wood and wood-base panel materials.
- Barboutis, I., and Kamperidou, V., (2021). Shear strength of beech wood joints bonded with commercially produced PVAc D3 adhesives, International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 105, 102774. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2020.102774
- Belleville, B., Ashley, P., and Ozarska, B., (2016). Wood planing properties of Australian plantation-grown eucalypts, Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 18(3), 425-434. DOI: 10.4067/S0718-221X2016005000038
- Carmelo, W.H., (2005). DOST-FPRDI furnace-type lumber dryer, Forest Products Technoflow Series, 14, 1–14. Csanády, E., and Magoss, E., (2013). Mechanics of wood machining (pp. 168-171). Berlin: Springer.
- Davis, E. M., (1942). Machining and related characteristics of southern hardwoods. Tech. Bull, 324.
- DENR-FMB., (2023). Philippine Forestry Statistics. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1u YMd6FJosiT-12ltzZM8veYujjK_u3t3/view
- Derikvand, M., and Ebrahimi, G., (2014). Strength performance of mortise and loose-tenon furniture joints under uniaxial bending moment, Journal of Forestry Research, 25(2), 483–486. DOI: 10.1007/s11676-014-0479-5
- Erdil, Y. Z., Kasal, A., and Eckelman, C. A., (2005). Bending moment capacity of rectangular mortise and tenon furniture joints, Forest Products Journal, 55(12), 209–213.
- Fern, K., (2014). Melia azedarach. Tropical Plants Database. Retrieved from http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Melia+azedarach
- Hao, J., Xu, L., Wu, X., and Li, X., (2020). Analysis and modeling of the dowel connection in wood T-type joint for optimal performance, Composite Structures, 253, 112754. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112754
- Hoadley, B.R., (2000) Understanding wood: a craftsmans guide to wood technology. 280 p. Taunton Press.
- Hu, W. G., Yu, R. Z., and Yang, P., (2024). Characterizing roughness of wooden mortise and tenon considering effects of measured position and assembly condition. Forests, 15(9), 1584. DOI: 10.3390/f15091584.
- ISO 7173:1989. Furniture — Chairs and stools — Determination of strength and durability.
- Janíková, N., Šimek, M., Kořený, A., Gaff, M., and Hlavatý, J., (2025). Comparing furniture joint variants using a multi-criteria analysis, Wood Material Science & Engineering, 1-10, DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2445548
- Jankowska, A. (2020). Understanding of surface roughness of wood based on analysis its structure and density, Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW Forestry and Wood Technology, 111, 27-31. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.6421
- Jimenez, J.J.P., Escobin, R., and Conda, J.M., (2015). Profile of wood species used in local and imported plywood and their bond performance, Philippine Forest Products Journal, 6, 43-58.
- Jimenez, J.J.P., (2023). Drying Characteristics of Pandan (Pandanus simplex Merr.) Leaves Using the DOST-FPRDI Furnace-type Dryer, Philippine Journal of Science, 152, 2139-2147
- Jimenez J.J.P., Gilbero, D. M., and Alipon, M. A., (2021). Veneer and plywood properties of yemane (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) from 3-, 5-, and 7-year-old plantation trees. International Wood Products Journal, 12(4), 277-286, DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2021.1979823
- Jimenez J.J.P., Gilbero, D. M., and Alipon, M. A., (2022). Evaluation of young falcata plus-trees for veneer and plywood production in the Philippines, Philippine Journal of Science, 151 (6A), 2081-2092
- Jimenez, J. J. P., and Ramos, J. E. C., (2023). Gluing characteristics of giant bamboo using four commercial adhesives, Philippine Journal of Science, 152(5), 1809-1822.
- Joshi, R. C., (2006). Invasive alien species (IAS): concerns and status in the Philippines. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Development of Database (APASD) for Biological Invasion. FFTC, Taichung, Taiwan, China (pp. 1-23).
- Kang, C. W., Hashitsume, K., Jang, E., and Kolya, H., (2023). Relationship between wood anatomical features and surface roughness characteristics, Wood Research, 68, 455-464. DOI:10.37763/wr.1336-4561/68.3.455464
- Kłos, R., Fabisiak, B., and Ng, H.K.T., (2018). Comparative reliability analysis of selected joints for case furniture, BioResources, 13(3), 5111–5123, DOI: 10.15376/biores.13.3.5111-5123
- Kuşkun, T., Smardzewski, J., and Kasal, A., (2021). Experimental and numerical analysis of mounting force of auxetic dowels for furniture joints, Engineering Structures, 226, 111351. DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111351
- Laina, R., Sanz-Lobera, A., Villasante, A., López-Espí, P., Martínez-Rojas, J. A., Alpuente, J., and Vignote, S., (2017). Effect of the anatomical structure, wood properties and machining conditions on surface roughness of wood, Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 19(2), 203-212. DOI:10.4067/S0718-221X2017005000018
- Lim, S. C., Ten Choo, K., and Gan, K. S., (2002). The characteristics, properties and uses of plantation timbers-rubberwood and Acacia mangium, Timber Technology Centre, FRIM.
- Marasigan, O. S., and Mundin, M. A. M., (2024). Physico-mechanical properties and potential utilization of Melia azedarach L. grown in Quezon Province, the Philippines, Philippine Journal of Science, 153(4), 1429-1441.
- Marasigan, O. S., Daguinod, S. A., and Villareal, J. F., (2025). Physico-mechanical properties of two native tree species in the Philippines and their potential as alternatives to exotic industrial tree plantation species, Environment and Natural Resources, 23(4), 343-356, DOI:10.32526/ennrj/23/20250038
- Natividad, R. A., (2016). Pioneer tree species: Their potential uses and harvesting constraints, Ecosystems and Development Journal, 6(1), 32-36.
- Pinol, A., Perino, E., Pollisco, M., San Valentin, H. O., and Pacho, M. V., (2017). A Report on the Stocktaking of National Forest Invasive Species (FIS) Activities in the Philippines. Asia-Pacific Forest Invasive Species Network (APFISN).
- Sergeevichev, A., Vlasov, E., Lebedev, A., and Bogatova, E., (2022). Investigation of the surface quality and tool wear when forming the edges of wood materials, In International School on Neural Networks, Initiated by IIASS and EMFCSC (pp. 1531-1540). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
- Stehr, M., and Östlund, S., (2005). An investigation of the crack tendency on wood surfaces after different machining operations, Wood Research and Technology, 54(4), 427-436.
- Tankut, A. N., and Tankut, N., (2005). The effects of joint forms (shape) and dimensions on the strengths of mortise and tenon joints, Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29(6), 493-498.
- Thoma, H., Peri, L., and Lato, E., (2015). Evaluation of wood surface roughness depending on species characteristics, Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 17(2), 285-292, DOI:10.4067/S0718-221X2015005000027
- Tsai, T. H., (2023). Value-added to Small-Diameter Timber (Obtained from Hardwood Plantations) (Master of Science Thesis, Purdue University Graduate School).
- Tulod, A. M., Casas, J. V., Marin, R. A., and Ejoc, J. A. B., (2017). Diversity of native woody regeneration in exotic tree plantations and natural forest in Southern Philippines, Forest Science and Technology, 13(1), 31-40, DOI:10.1080/21580103.2017.1292958
- Uysal, M., and Haviarova, E., (2021). Evaluating design of mortise and tenon furniture joints under bending loads by lower tolerance limits, Wood and Fiber Science, 53(2), 109-125, DOI:10.22382/wfs-2021-13
- Vlaović, Z., Gržan, T., Župčić, I., Domljan, D., and Mihulja, G., (2024). Strength, durability, and aesthetics of corner joints and edge banding in furniture design: a review, Applied Sciences, 14(22), 10285. DOI:10.3390/app142210285
- Wengert, E. M., (1988). The wood doctor's Rx. Brook Forest Products Center, Department of Forest Products, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 378 p.
- Yaghoubi, S., and Rabiei, F., (2025). A profound evaluation of different strategies to improve surface roughness of manufactured part in wood-CNC machining process, Journal of Engineering Research, 13(3), 1854-1860, DOI: 10.1016/j.jer.2024.05.033
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Malzeme Mühendisliği (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | DOST-FPRDI 2022011 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 23 Ekim 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 6 Aralık 2025 |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 13 Aralık 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 16 Aralık 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2 |
Amaç ve Kapsam
Mobilya ve Ahşap Malzeme Araştırmaları Dergisi (MAMAD), mobilya konusunu ön planda tutarak Dergi Park üzerinde yayın hayatına başlayan ilk akademik dergidir. Bu nedenle, bu alanda çalışma yapan araştırmacılara, mobilya ve ahşap malzeme ile ilgili olan tüm okuyuculara hizmet sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Açık erişim ve Uluslararası hakemli dergidir.
Mobilya ve Ahşap Malzeme Araştırmaları Dergisi; mobilya mekaniği, mobilya üst yüzey işlemleri, mobilya üretiminde kalite kontrol, mobilya ithalat ve ihracatı, bilgisayar destekli mobilya tasarımı, bilgisayar destekli mobilya üretimi konularında hazırlanan çalışmalara yer verecektir. Ayrıca, masif ahşap malzeme, ahşap esaslı kompozit malzemeler, odun plastik kompozit malzemeler, ahşap malzemenin işlenmesi, ahşap malzemenin güçlendirilmesi, ahşap malzemenin korunması, ahşap malzemenin modifikasyonu, ahşap malzemenin fiziksel, kimyasal, mekanik ve diğer teknolojik özelliklerini içeren araştırmalarda dergi kapsamındadır. Kâğıt ve kağıt hamuru üzerine yapılan çalışmalar derginin kapsamı dışındadır. Dergi, araştırma ve derleme türündeki olan makaleleri yayınlamaktadır. Diğer türlerde hazırlanan makaleleri kabul etmemektedir.
Yazım Kuralları
Makale,dergi ana sayfasından veya buradan indirilecek MAMAD şablon dosya 2025 'e göre hazırlanmalı ve copyright transfer form 2025 imzalanarak sisteme yüklenmelidir.
Makalenin sorumlu yazarı aşağıdaki kuralları uygulamalıdır.
1. Her yazarın ORCID ID verilmelidir.
2. Makale başlıkları (Türkçe ve İngilizce başlık), sayfada ortalı, 14 punto ve koyu yazılmalıdır (Bold).
3. Yazar İsimleri 12 Punto ve sadece ilk harfler büyük, normal yazılmalıdır (Bold değil).
4. Makale ilk sayfasında “Öz” ve “Abstract” konumu doğru ve bu kelimeler koyu yazılmalıdır (Bold)
5. Öz ve Abstract en az 150 ve en fazla 180 kelime olarak yazılmalıdır.
6. Anahtar kelimeler en az 3 en fazla 5 kelime verilmelidir.
7. Makale maksimum sayfa sayısı 16'dır.
8. Makale ilk sayfasının alt bilgi kısmında yazar bilgileri ve atıf bilgisi verilmelidir.
9. İlk sayfa alt bilgide satırlar alt çizgi ile ayrılmalıdır. (Örnek)
10. Giriş kısmına, makalenin ikinci sayfasından başlanmalıdır. Giriş kısmının son paragrafında çalışmanın amacı net olarak verilmelidir (Bu çalışmanın amacı...........dır).
11. Başlık numaralandırması doğru olarak verilmelidir.
12. Yazı stili "Times new roman" ve büyüklüğü "12 punto" yapılmalıdır (Makale başlıkları hariç). Çizelge içeriği, sığdırmak için 8 puntoya kadar küçültülebilir.
13. İtalik yazılması gereken ifadeler italik yapılmalıdır.
14. Paragraf başı girinti miktarları 0,5 cm ve paragraflar arası 6 nk yapılmalıdır.
15. Makalenin tüm bölümlerinde satır aralığı 1 olmalıdır.
16. Sayfa kenar boşlukları üstten ve alttan 3, diğer kenarlardan 2.5 yapılmalıdır.
17. Metin içinde yapılan atıflar doğru verilmelidir (Ali, Ayşe, Can,..1999 yanlış) (Ali ve ark., 1999 doğru) (Ali vd., 1999 yanlış).
18. Metin içinde aynı parantez içinde verilen atıflar arası noktalı virgül “;” kullanılmalıdır.
19. Formüller ve numaraları doğru verilmelidir. Formüller resim formatında verilmemelidir.
20. Şekil ve çizelge numaraları sırası doğru verilmelidir.
21. Şekil ve Çizelge başlıklarında Şekil 1 ve Çizelge 1 kelimeleri koyu (bold) verilmelidir.
22. Şekil ve Çizelge başlıkları soldan içerde verilmemelidir (paragraf girintisi 0).
23. Her şekil ve çizelgeye atıf yapılmalıdır.
24. Şekil ve çizelgeler ortalı konumda olmalıdır.
25. Şekillerde başlık alta ve çizelgelerde başlık üste yazılmalıdır.
26. Sonuçlar kısmı maddeler halinde verilmelidir.
27. Gerekli ise, teşekkür kısmı ve varsa proje numarası verilmelidir.
28. Metin içerisinde ve çizelge içeriğindeki rakamlarda ondalık ayırıcı nokta olarak verilmelidir.
29. Kaynaklarda “and” ifadesi ve “ve” ifadesi kullanılmalıdır (Örnek: Babiak, M., and Kúdela, J. Bal B.C., ve Efe F.T.)
30. Kaynaklar listesinde, yazar isimleri nokta ve virgül ile (Bal B.C.,), yıl parantez içinde (1999). parantezden sonra “.” ifadesi ile, sayı numarasından sonra parantezi takiben virgül “2(3), 25-35” sayfa numaraları arası tire (-) ifadesi ile, her bir kaynak satırı arasında 6 nk boşluk ile yazılmalıdır. Dergi, kitap ve tez isimleri italik yazılmalıdır. Kaynak bildiri ise tamamı dik yazılmalıdır. Kaynak çalışmanın ilk harfi hariç küçük harf olarak verilmelidir. Dergi isimleri tam veya kıda adı verilebilir. Atıf yapılan makalenin varsa DOI numarası verilmelidir.
31. Metin ve çizelgeler içindeki rakamların ayıracı nokta olmalıdır. (12.23 doğru, 12,23 yanlış)
Örnek kaynak gösterimi:
Bal, B. C., (2012). Genç odun ve olgun odunun lif morfolojisindeki farklılıklar üzerine bir araştırma, Düzce Üniversitesi Ormancılık Dergisi, 8(2), 29-35, DOI:....
Çavuş, V., ve Ayata, Ü., (2018). Manolya ağacı, akçaağaç ve tespih ağacı odunlarında vida tutma direnci üzerine bir araştırma. MAMAD, 1(2), 94-102, DOI:.... 10.33725/mamad.496615.
Bal, B.C., ve Kaba, O., (2019). Kahramanmaraş ilindeki ahşap oyma atölyelerinin üretim miktarları üzerine bir araştırma. III. International Mediterranean Forest and Environment Symposium (IMFES2019), 3-5.Ekim.2019, Bildiriler kitabı S:520-524, Kahramanmaraş/ Türkiye.
Omatça, İ., (2006). Ahşabın, oyuncak üretiminde kullanımı ve önemi, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, Simav Teknik Eğitim Fakültesi, Mobilya ve Dekorasyon Eğitimi Bölümü, Lisans tezi.
ASTM 1761, (2012). Standart test methods for mechanical fasteners in wood,. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Philadelphia.
Bal, B.C., and Bektaş, İ., (2012). The physical properties of heartwood and sapwood of Eucalyptus grandis, ProLigno, 8 (4), 35-43.
Bal, B.C., ve Altuntaş, E., (2013). Masif ağaç malzeme ve tabakalı kaplama kerestenin vida tutma direnci üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma, Düzce University journal of forestry, 9(2),14-22.
Bozkurt, Y., Göker, Y., ve Erdin, N., (1993). Emprenye tekniği, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, No 425, İstanbul,1993.
Çolak, S., Aydın, İ., ve Çolakoǧlu, G., (2003). Okaliptüs (E. camaldulensis) ağacının farklı yüksekliklerinden alınan tomruklardan üretilmiş kontrplakların bazı mekanik özellikleri, Doğu Akdeniz Ormancılık Araştırma Dergisi, 9, 95–111.
Çolak, G., (2024). Ahşap-plastik kompozitlerin endüstriyel üretim sürecine ilişkin yaşam döngüsü çevresel sürdürülebilirlik analizi, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bilecik, Türkiye.
DeCristoforo, R.J., (1988). The complete book of stationary power tool techniques. Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. Two Park Avenue, New York, N. Y. 388p
Gaff, M., Vokaty, V., Babiak, M., and Bal. B.C., (2016). Coefficient of wood bendability as a function of selected factors, Construction and Building Materials, 126 (2016), 630-640, DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.085
Rammer, D. R., (2010). Fastenings,wood handbook: wood as an engineering material, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-190, Madison, WI (ss. 1–2).
TS 2478, (1976). Odunun statik eğilmede elastiklik modülünün tayini. türk standartları enstitüsü, Ankara.
URL-1, (2020). George III period satinwood work table, 1stDIBS, http://www.onlinegalleries.com/art-and-antiques (last access: 19.02.2020)
Yıldırım, M. N, Karaman, A., and Akınay, A., (2016). Finite element method application of wooden furniture, International conference on research in education science, 19 - 22 Mayıs 2016, ss.1258-1270, Muğla/Türkiye,
Etik İlkeler ve Yayın Politikası
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• Editors of the Furniture and Wooden Material Research Journal are accountable for everything published in the journal. This means the editors should
strive to meet the needs of readers and authors.
• strive to improve their journal constantly;
• have processes in place to ensure the quality of the material they publish;
• champion freedom of expression;
• maintain the integrity of the academic record;
• preclude business needs from compromising intellectual and ethical standards;
• be willing to publish corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed.
The editor and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.
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When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, the author must notify the journal editor or publisher promptly and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper in the form of an erratum.
PUBLICATION POLICY
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6. Personal information such as names, e-mail addresses, and telephone numbers entered in the management system of Furniture and Wood Materials Research Journal will only be used for the scientific purposes of this journal, in accordance with the Privacy Statement.
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10. The articles sent to the Furniture and Wooden Material Research Journal are first evaluated by the editor-in-chief. Articles not suitable for the scope of the journal are rejected at this stage.
11. If the articles suit the journal's scope, a referee review is started if there is no significant deficiency. The refereeing invitation period is 1 week, and the referee evaluation period is 2 weeks. The authors are given a minimum of 1 week and a maximum of 4 weeks to make the necessary corrections to the article in line with the opinions of the referees. A minimum of 1 day and a maximum of 7 days is given for the final control phase.
12. If the articles sent to the Furniture and Wooden Material Research Journal have passed the preliminary evaluation stage and have been sent to the referees, they cannot withdraw the article.
13. Each article sent to the journal is reviewed by two referees. If both referees give a positive opinion, the article is accepted. If both referees agree on the negative opinion, the article is rejected. If one of the referees gives a positive opinion and the other a negative opinion, the opinion of a third referee is sought. A decision is made about the articles sent to the journal at the end of three months at the latest.
14. The articles sent to the journal are examined with the iThenticate program for plagiarism.
Ücret Politikası
Dergi hiç bir işlem için ücret talep etmemektedir.
Dizinler
Atıf Dizinleri
Diğer Dizinler
Dergi Kurulları
Baş editör
Editör Kurulu Üyeleri
I am a senior researcher at Department of Wood Industry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang Branch.
