Dünyada Kadın Yoksulluğunun Uluslararası Kuruluşların Raporları Bağlamında İncelenmesi

Öz

Tarihsel ve yapısal bir olgu olan yoksulluk, bireylerin insani yaşam standartlarına erişememelerini ifade etmektedir. Yoksulluğu daha ağır ve derinden yaşamak durumunda kalan kadınların içinde bulundukları bu dezavantajlı durum cinsiyet ayrımcılığının ve fırsat eşitsizliğinin bir sonucu olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çerçevede kadın yoksulluğu toplumsal niteliklidir ve önemli bir insan hakkı ihlalidir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı 21. yüzyılın ilk çeyreği geride kalırken ve Birleşmiş Milletler’in (BM) 2030 hedeflerinin gerçekleştirilmesine beş yıl kalmışken küresel alandaki kadın yoksulluğunun portresini çizmektir. Çalışmanın temeli kadın yoksulluğunun çeşitli politika ve kriz dönemleri ile yeniden üretildiği savına dayanmaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada 2015 yılı ve sonrasında dünyadaki kadın yoksulluğunun durumu, iki önemli uluslararası kuruluş olan BM ve Dünya Ekonomik Formu’nun raporları üzerinden ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada BM Kalkınma Programı (UNDP)’nın yayınladığı İnsani Gelişme Raporları (Human Development Report) ve Dünya Ekonomik Formu tarafından yayınlanan Küresel Cinsiyet Uçurumu (Global Gender Gap) Raporları bölgesel ve küresel ölçekte ve kadın yoksulluğu ekseninde analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları, 2015-2025 döneminde kadın yoksulluğunun hem yapısal eşitsizlikler hem de pandemi, çatışmalar ve ekonomik şoklar gibi küresel krizler nedeniyle yeniden üretildiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yoksulluk
• Kadın Yoksulluğu
• Dünya Ekonomik Formu
• UNDP

An Analysis of Women’s Poverty Worldwide in the Context of Reports by International Organization

Abstract

Poverty, as a historical and structural phenomenon, refers to the inability of individuals to attain decent living. Women, who experience poverty more severely and profoundly, are placed in this disadvantaged position as a result of gender discrimination and inequality of opportunity. In this context, women’s poverty is a social phenomenon that constitutes a significant human rights violation. The main purpose of this study is to draw a portrait of global women’s poverty at a time when the first quarter of the 21st century has passed and only five years remain until the realization of the United Nations (UN) 2030 Goals. The study is based on the argument that women’s poverty is continuously reproduced through various policy cycles and periods of crisis. The qualitative research method of document analysis was employed. Within this framework, the study examines the state of women’s poverty worldwide since 2015 through reports published by two major international organizations: the UN and the World Economic Forum. Specifically, the Human Development Reports published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Global Gender Gap Reports released by the World Economic Forum are analyzed on both regional and global scales within the context of women’s poverty. The findings of the study indicate that between 2015 and 2025, women’s poverty has been reproduced through both structural inequalities and global crises such as the pandemic, conflicts, and economic shocks.

Keywords

• Poverty
• Women’s Poverty
• World Economic Forum
• UNDP

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