Eskişehir İli Tarım Topraklarındaki Isıya Dirençli Toprak Mikrofunguslarının Biyoçeşitliliği

Öz

Isıya dayanıklı mikro mantarlar 75°C'de 30 dakika ısıya dayanabilir ve oda koşullarında depolama sırasında ürünlerde gelişmeye ve bunlarda bozulmaya devam edebilir. Bu ısı direncindeki en önemli rol, askospor adı verilen eşeyli üreme yapıları oluşturma yeteneğine dayanmaktadır ve askosporların ısı direnci; türlere, strainlere, pH, ısıtma ortamı ve diğer büyüme koşullarına bağlıdır. Byssochlamys fulva (geçerli isim; Paecilomyces fulvus), ilk kaydedilen ısıya dayanıklı mikrofungusdur ve buna ilave olarak B. nivea (geçerli isim; B. lagunculariae), Neosartorya fischeri (geçerli isim; Aspergillus fischeri), Talaromyces macrosporus, T. bacillisporus ve Eupenicillium brefeldianum (geçerli isim; P. dodgei) en yaygın ısıya dayanıklı mikrofunguslardır. Çalışmamızda, Eskişehir ilinin tarım topraklarındaki ısıya dayanıklı mikrofungusların biyoçeşitliliği araştırıldı. Bu amaçla, Eylül 2017'de Eskişehir ilinin doğu, batı, kuzey ve güney bölgelerindeki nadas alanlarından dört farklı toprak örneği toplanmıştır. Toprak örneklerinden ısıl işlemi ve toprak seyreltme yöntemi kullanılarak izolasyon işlemi yapılmıştır. Saflaştırma aşamasından sonra, geleneksel yöntemler ve çoklu lokus gen dizilimi kullanılarak izolatlar teşhis edilmiştir. Aspergillus, Byssochlamys, Penicillium ve Talaromyces cinslerine ait 49 izolat ve ısıya dirençli mikrofunguslara ait toplam 3.22x10³ cfu/g koloni tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tarımsal toprakların, mikotoksijenik, patojenik ve saprofitik olarak bilinen yüksek ısıya dirençli mikrofungal biyolojik çeşitliliğe sahip olduğunu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Isıya dirençli mikrogfunguslar,tarım toprakları,Eskişehir,çoklu gen sekansı

Biodiversity of Heat Resistance Soil Microfungi in Agricultural Areas of Eskisehir Province

Öz

Heat-resistant microfungi can survive 30 minutes of heat at 75°C and can continue to develop and deteriorate products during storage in the room conditions. The most important role in this heat resistance is based on the ability to form sexual reproduction structures called ascospores, and ascospores heat resistance depends on species, strain, pH, heating medium and other growth. Byssochlamys fulva (current name; Paecilomyces fulvus) is the first heat-resistant microfungus recorded, and in addition to B. nivea (current name; Byssochlamys lagunculariae), Neosartorya fischeri (current name; Aspergillus fischeri), Talaromyces macrosporus, T. bacillisporus and Eupenicillium brefeldianum (current; Penicillium dodgei) are the most common heat resistant microfungi. We investigated biodiversity of heat resistant microfungi in agricultural soils of Eskisehir Province in our study. For this purpose, four different soil samples were collected from fallow lands in east, west, north and south locations of Eskisehir Province at September 2017. Isolation process was performed by using heat treatment of soil samples and the soil dilution method. After purification step, isolates were diagnosed by using conventional methods and multi locus gene sequencing. We determined total of 3.22x10³ cfu/g colonies appertain to heat resistant microfungi and 49 isolates belong to Aspergillus, Byssochlamys, Penicillium and Talaromyces genera. As a result, we determined that the agricultural soils have high heat resistance microfungal biodiversity that commonly known as mycotoxigenic, pathogenic and saprophytic.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Heat resistant microfungi,agricultural soils,Eskisehir,multi locus gene sequencing

Kaynakça

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