Büyükorhan (Bursa), Türkiye Atmosferindeki Allerjik Cladosporium ve Alternaria Sporlarının Yıllık Değişimi; Meteorolojik Faktörlerin Etkileri

Öz

Mantar sporları, atmosferde sıkça karşılaşılan önemli biyo-allerjenlerdendir. Çoğu atmosferik mantar sporu çalışmasında, Cladosporium Link (Havaküfü) ve Alternaria Nees (Arıküfü) sporları genellikle dominant olarak kaydedilmiş olup duyarlı bireyler üzerinde yüksek allerjik etkilere sahiptirler. Bu iki cinse ait türler bitkiler üzerinde patojen olarak yaşayabilir ve bitkilerde verim düşüklüğüne sebep olabilirler. Bu çalışma, Ocak 2012 ile Aralık 2013 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma, gravimetrik yönteme dayalı Durham cihazı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. İki yıl süresince toplamda 10817 adet spor kaydedilmiş olup, 4119 adet spor birinci yıla, 6698 adet spor ise ikinci yıla aittir. Her iki yılda da toplam Cladosporium sayısının toplam Alternaria sayısından çok daha fazla olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, bu iki cinse ait atmosferik sporların iki yıl içindeki değişimini meteorolojik faktörlerle karşılaştırarak belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Her iki spor tipi için, maksimum spor sayıları Haziran-Ağustos ayları arasında bulunmuş ve özellikle yaz aylarının atmosferik mantar sporu allerjisi açısından, duyarlı bireyler için riskli dönemler olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Atmosferik mantar sporları
• Aeromikoloji
• Allerji
• Meteorolojik faktörler
• Kuzeybatı Türkiye

The Annual Variation of Allergenic Cladosporium and Alternaria Spores in the Atmosphere of Büyükorhan (Bursa), Turkey; Effects of Meteorological Factors

Öz

Fungal spores are important bio-allergens frequently encountered in the atmosphere. Cladosporium Link and Alternaria Nees spores are generally recorded as dominant in many atmospheric fungal spore studies and have high allergic effects on susceptible individuals. The species belonging to these two genera may live as pathogens on the plants and cause low yield. This study was carried out between January 2012 to December 2013. Durham sampler, which is the device of the gravimetric method, was used in the research. A total of 10817 spores were recorded in the Büyükorhan (Bursa) atmosphere during the consecutive years. 4119 spores belonged to the first year and 6698 to the second year. The total numbers of Cladosporium spores were observed much higher than the total numbers of Alternaria spores in both years. This study aims to determine the variation of atmospheric spores in these two genera during the two years by comparing them with meteorological factors. For both spore types, the maximum spore numbers were found between the June-August term. Summer months revealed a risky period in terms of atmospheric fungal spore allergy for sensitive individuals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Airborne fungal spores
• Aeromycology
• Allergy
• Meteorological factors
• Northwest Turkey

Kaynakça

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