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Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse

Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2 30 Aralık 2024
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Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse

Öz

This article investigates the proof of God’s existence within Ibn Sīnā’s metaphysical framework, particularly addressing the concepts of divine simplicity and the problem of modal collapse. It commences by positioning Ibn Sīnā’s metaphysics in contrast to Aristotle’s, emphasizing the dynamic and evolutionary nature of Ibn Sīnā’s engagement with metaphysical inquiry. The article highlights Ibn Sīnā’s distinctiveness in redefining metaphysical exploration beyond physicalist presuppositions and establishing metaphysics as foundational for other scientific disciplines. Central to this exploration is the elucidation of Ibn Sīnā’s arguments for God’s existence, primarily through his concept of modality—encompassing the necessary, contingent, and impossible—and his unique argument known as The Proof of the Sincere (Burhān al-Siddiqīn). These arguments demonstrate Ibn Sīnā’s belief in the necessity of a being whose existence and essence are identical, countering Kantian critiques by emphasizing an ontological foundation rather than rational judgments alone. However, the assertion of the identity of existence and essence in the Necessary Being introduces the issue of divine simplicity and the potential for modal collapse—a challenge whereby distinctions between possible states of affairs are nullified. The article proposes that Ibn Sīnā’s distinction between general and special existence, alongside his theory of tashkīk al-wujūd (gradation of existence), offers avenues to navigate this philosophical challenge. Additionally, it suggests that Frege’s distinction between meaning and reference could further elucidate the discussion. The conclusion posits that while Ibn Sīnā’s arguments for God’s existence exhibit significant persuasive power, they also prompt further inquiries into divine simplicity and modal collapse. The exploration of these themes underscores the relevance of Ibn Sīnā’s metaphysical contributions to contemporary philosophical debates, advocating for a nuanced understanding of his work beyond traditional Aristotelian or Cartesian interpretations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Abbas, Ahsan “Islamic Contradictory Theology”, University of Birmingham, PhD Dissertation (2021).
  2. Alper, Ömer M. İbn Sînâ. İstanbul:Ankara: İSAM Yayınları, 2022.
  3. Alper, Ömer M. “İslam Felsefe Geleneğinde Metafiziğin Konusu Sorunu: Özgünlük Açısından Bir İnceleme”. İslam Felsefesinin Özgünlüğü. Ankara: Elis Yayınları, 2009.
  4. Alper, Ömer M. “Avicenna’s Conception Of The Scope Of Metaphysics: Did He Really Misunderstand Aristotle”. İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 16 (2007).
  5. Atar, A. "Fârâbî ve İbn Sînâ’da İlâhî Basitlik Anlayışının Tanrı-Âlem İlişkisine Yansıması," İslami Araştırmalar (2023) , c. 34/1.144-159.
  6. Az, Mehmet Ata. İlahi Basitlik Bağlamında Tanrı’nın Bilinebilirliği. Ankara:Otto, 2016.
  7. Back, Allen. “Avicenna’s ‘Conception of the Modalities’”. Vivarium 30/2 (1992), 217-255.
  8. Chisholm, R. M. “Parts as essential to their wholes”. Review of Metaphysics 26 (1973), 581-603.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Din Felsefesi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Aralık 2024

Gönderilme Tarihi

23 Eylül 2024

Kabul Tarihi

11 Aralık 2024

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Taşçı, T. (2024). Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse. Marifetname, 11(2), 523-551. https://doi.org/10.47425/marifetname.vi.1554592
AMA
1.Taşçı T. Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse. Marifetname. 2024;11(2):523-551. doi:10.47425/marifetname.vi.1554592
Chicago
Taşçı, Tugay. 2024. “Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse”. Marifetname 11 (2): 523-51. https://doi.org/10.47425/marifetname.vi.1554592.
EndNote
Taşçı T (01 Aralık 2024) Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse. Marifetname 11 2 523–551.
IEEE
[1]T. Taşçı, “Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse”, Marifetname, c. 11, sy 2, ss. 523–551, Ara. 2024, doi: 10.47425/marifetname.vi.1554592.
ISNAD
Taşçı, Tugay. “Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse”. Marifetname 11/2 (01 Aralık 2024): 523-551. https://doi.org/10.47425/marifetname.vi.1554592.
JAMA
1.Taşçı T. Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse. Marifetname. 2024;11:523–551.
MLA
Taşçı, Tugay. “Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse”. Marifetname, c. 11, sy 2, Aralık 2024, ss. 523-51, doi:10.47425/marifetname.vi.1554592.
Vancouver
1.Tugay Taşçı. Arguments for the Existence of God in Ibn Sīnā’s Metaphysics: An Evaluation of the Problems of Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse. Marifetname. 01 Aralık 2024;11(2):523-51. doi:10.47425/marifetname.vi.1554592

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