Evaluation of the effects of pandemic (COVID-19) on the world fishery sector with SWOT analysis approach

Abstract

In this study, the effects of the pandemic, which started to affect the world to 2019-December, on the world aquaculture sector were evaluated with SWOT analysis (opportunities, benefits, and threats). Previous studies on this subject were scanned using certain keywords (COVID-19, pandemic, coronavirus, fishing, fisheries), and a total of 33 studies were listed. Previous studies were classified according to the sub-areas (continents) determined by FAO. The effects of the pandemic on the sector were tried to be determined according to the continents. Accordingly, the threats on a global scale were supply-demand imbalances, closure of restaurants, storage inadequacies, plastic pollution, closure of borders, illegal fishing, inequalities in the sector, and curfew restrictions. The opportunities; creation of new supply chains, raising awareness about the seafood that positive effect on health, establishing a supply-demand balance, granting work permits to fishermen during curfews, allocation of funds to be used in extraordinary situations such as pandemics, development of aquaculture, implementation of measures for the continuity of import-export, providing economic aid packages to vulnerable sector workers such as small scale fisheries, limiting the sexist understanding in the sector, and giving more opportunities to women, and cooperation with riparian countries to prevention of illegal fishing. Its benefits are listed as prevention of overfishing in the short term, protection of fish stocks, reduction of industrial pollution in the aquatic ecosystem, adoption of an ecosystem-based fishing approach in small settlements, and an increase in recreational fishing. As a result of this analysis, it has been understood that we may create accurate and fair international cooperation to solve the adverse effects of pandemia. With this gained experience, it is thought that new production strategies should be developed for trustable food supply chains in the changing world.

Keywords

• pandemic
• Covid-19
• fisheries
• SWOT analysis

Pandemi (COVID-19)'nin dünya su ürünleri sektörü üzerine etkilerinin SWOT analizi yaklaşımı ile değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada 2019-Aralık itibariyle dünyayı etkisi altına almaya başlayan pandeminin dünya su ürünleri sektörüne etkileri SWOT analizi (fırsatlar, faydalar ve tehditler) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu konuda daha önce yapılan çalışmalar belirli anahtar kelimeler (COVID-19, pandemic, coronavirus, fishing, fisheries) kullanılarak taranmış ve toplam 33 çalışma listelenmiştir. Daha önceki çalışmalar FAO tarafından belirlenen alt alanlara (kıtalara) göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Pandeminin sektör üzerindeki etkileri kıtalara göre belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Buna göre küresel ölçekteki tehditlerin; arz-talep dengesizlikleri, restoranların kapanması, depolama yetersizlikleri, plastik kirliliği, sınırların kapanması, yasadışı balıkçılık, sektördeki eşitsizlikler ve sokağa çıkma kısıtlamaları olduğu tespit edildi. Fırsatların; yeni tedarik zincirlerinin oluşturulması, sağlık üzerinde olumlu etkisi olan su ürünleri konusunda farkındalığın artırılması, arz-talep dengesinin oluşturulması, balıkçılara sokağa çıkma kısıtlamalarında çalışma izni verilmesi, pandemi gibi olağanüstü durumlarda kullanılmak üzere kaynak tahsisi, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinin geliştirilmesi, ithalat-ihracatın sürekliliği için tedbir alınması, küçük çaplı balıkçılık gibi hassas sektör çalışanlarına ekonomik yardım paketlerinin sağlanması, sektördeki cinsiyetçi anlayışın sınırlandırılarak kadınlara daha fazla fırsat verilmesi ve yasadışı balıkçılığın önlenmesi için kıyı ülkeleri ile iş birliği yapılması olduğu belirlendi. Faydaların ise; kısa vadede aşırı avlanmanın önlenmesi, balık stoklarının korunması, su ekosisteminde endüstriyel kirliliğin azaltılması, küçük yerleşim yerlerinde ekosistem temelli balıkçılık yaklaşımının benimsenmesi ve rekreasyonel balıkçılığın artması olduğu tespit edildi. Bu analiz sonucunda pandeminin olumsuz etkilerini çözmek için doğru ve adil uluslararası iş birlikleri oluşturabileceğimiz anlaşılmıştır. Kazanılan bu tecrübe ile değişen dünyada güvenilir gıda tedarik zincirleri için yeni üretim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• pandemi
• COVID-19
• su ürünleri
• SWOT analizi

Kaynakça

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