Hatay ili Yayladağ ilçesindeki su kuyularından yeraltı suyu zooplankton faunasının araştırılması

Öz

Çalışmanın yürütüldüğü 10 adet su kuyusunda bazı su kalitesi parametreleri (su sıcaklığı, iletkenlik, çözünmüş oksijen ve pH) ve zooplankton faunası incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada 14 Rotifera türü (%46.67), 10 Kopepoda türü (%33.33) ve 6 Kladosera türü (%20) tespit edilmiştir. Geniş yayılım gösteren türlerin Rotaria neptunia (7 kuyuda), Keratella quadrata (5 kuyuda), Daphnia curvirostris (8 kuyuda), Coronatella rectangula (6 kuyuda), Chydorus sphaericus ve Pleuroxus aduncus (5 kuyuda), Megacyclops viridis (8 kuyuda) ve Tropocyclops prasinus (6 kuyuda) olduğu belirlenmiştir. En fazla tür (14 tür), kuyu 8'de bulunurken, bunu 11 tür ile 3, 5, 7 ve 9 numaralı kuyular izlemiştir. Genel olarak zooplankton tür çeşitliliği ve bolluğu ile su kalitesi parametreleri arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmadaki rotifer ve kladcera türlerinin bir kısmının, kopepod türlerinin ise büyük bir kısmının yeraltısuyuna uyumlu türler olduğu sonucuna varılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rotifera
• Kopepoda
• Kladosera
• su kuyuları
• Hatay

Investigation of groundwater zooplankton fauna from water wells in Yayladağ district of Hatay province in Turkey

Öz

Some water quality parameters (water temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH) and zooplankton fauna were investigated in 10 water wells where the study was conducted. In this study, 14 species of Rotifera (46.67%), 10 species of Copepoda (33.33%), and 6 species of Cladocera (20%) were identified. It was found that the widely distributed species Rotaria neptunia (in 7 wells), Keratella quadrata (in 5 wells), Daphnia curvirostris (in 8 wells), Coronatella rectangula (in 6 wells), Chydorus sphaericus and Pleuroxus aduncus (in 5 wells each), Megacyclops viridis (in 8 wells) and Tropocyclops prasinus (in 6 wells). The most species (14 species) were found in well 8, followed by wells 3, 5, 7 and 9 with 11 species. In general, it was determined that there was a significant and positive relationship between zooplankton species diversity and abundance, and water quality parameters.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rotifera
• Copepoda
• Cladocera
• water wells
• Hatay

Kaynakça

1. Bednarz, T., Starzecka, A. & Mazurkiewicz-Boroń, G. (2002). Microbiological processes accompanying the blooming of algae and cyanobacteria. Wiadomości Botaniczne 46(1-2): 45-55 (in Polish).
2. Borutsky, E. V. (1964). Freshwater Harpacticoida. Fauna of U.S.S.R., (Crustacea) 3 (4): 1-396. (Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem).
3. Bos, D. G., Cumming, B. F., Watters, C. E. & Smol, J. P. (1996). The relationship between zooplankton, conductivity and lakewater ionic composition in 111 lakes from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia, Canada. International Journal of Salt Lake Research, 5: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01996032
4. Botosaneanu, L. (1986). Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, distributional, and ecological synthesis of the World Fauna Inhabiting Subterranean Waters (Including the Marine Interstitial). Leiden, the Netherlands: E.J. Brill/W. Backhuys.
5. Boulton, A. J., Moss, G. L. & Smithyman, D. (2003). Short-term effects of aerially-applied fire-suppressant foams on water chemistry and macroinvertebrates in streams after natural wild-fire on Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Hydrobiologia, 498(1-3): 177-189. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026213301871
6. Boyd, C. E. (1990). Water quality in ponds for aquaculture. Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama. Birmingham Publishing Co., Birmingham, Alabama. 482 pp.
7. Bozkurt, A. & Bozça, M. (2019). Investigation of zooplankton fauna in water wells of Yayladağı District (Hatay, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Zoology, 43(4): 356-366. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1903-33
8. Bozkurt, A. (2019). Investigation of zooplankton fauna in water wells of Kuyubeli village (Adana, Turkey) with the first record of the genus Speocyclops Kiefer, 1937 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae) for Turkish inland waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 43(1): 142-145. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1801-29

9. Brancelj, A. & Dumont, H. J. (2007). A review of the diversity, adaptations and groundwater colonization pathways in Cladocera and Calanoida (Crustacea), two rare and contrasting groups of stygobionts. Fundamental and Applied Limnology, 168(1): 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1127/1863-9135/2007/0168-0003
10. Brancelj, A., Boonyanusith, C., Watiroyram, S. & Sanoamuang, L. (2013). The groundwater-dwelling fauna of South East Asia. Journal of Limnology, 72(2): 327-344. https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2013.s2.e16
11. Bruno, M. C. & Cottarelli, V. (2015). First record of Kinnecaris (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Parastenocarididae) from Turkey and Thailand; description of three new species and emended definition of the genus. Italian Journal of Zoology, 82(1): 69-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/11250003.2014.1002820
12. Damian-Georgescu, A. (1970). Fauna republicii socialiste Romania, crustacea. Vol. IV. 11 Copepoda, harpacticoida. Bucharest, Romania: Academiei Republicii socialiste Romania (in Romanian).
13. Danielopol, D. L. & Griebler, C. (2008). Changing paradigms in groundwater ecology from the ‘living fossils’ tradition to the ‘new groundwater ecology’. International Review of Hydrobiology, 93(4-5): 565-577. https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.200711045
14. De Manuel Barrabin, J. (2000). The Rotifers of Spanish Reservoirs: Ecological, Systematical and Zoogeographical Remarks. Limnetica, 19: 91-167.
15. De Smet, W. H. (1996). Rotifera. Vol. 4: The Proalidae (Monogonota). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 9. SPB Academic Publishing.
16. Di Lorenzo, E., Mountain, D., Batchelder, H. P., Bond, N. & Hofmann, E. E. (2013). Advances in Marine Ecosystem Dynamics from US GLOBEC. The Horizontal-Advection Bottom-up Forcing Paradigm. Oceanography, 26(4): 22-33.
17. Dorak, Z. (2013). Zooplankton abundance in the lower Sakarya River Basin (Turkey): Impact of environmental variables. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 19(1): 1-22.
18. Doveri, M., Menichini, M. and Scozzari, A. (2015). Protection of Groundwater Resources: Worldwide Regulations and Scientific Approaches. In: Scozzari, A., Dotsika, E. (eds) Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 40. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg p. 13-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2015_421
19. Dussart, B. (1969). Les Copepodes des Eaux Continentales d’Europe Occidentale Tale II. Cyclopoides et Biologie. Paris, France: N. Boubee et Cie (in French).
20. Galassi, D. M. P. & De Laurentis, P. (2004). Towards a revision of the genus Parastenocaris Kessler, 1913: establishment of Simplicaris gen. nov. from groundwaters in central Italy and review of the P. brevipes-group (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Parastenocarididae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 140(3): 417-436. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2003.00107.x
21. Galassi, D. M. P. (2001). Groundwater copepods: diversity patterns over ecological and evolutionary scales. Hydrobiologia, 453(454): 227-253. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013100924948
22. Galassi, D. M. P., Huys, R. & Reid, J. W. (2009). Diversity, ecology and evolution of groundwater copepods. Freshwater Biology, 54(4): 691-708. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02185.x
23. Gibert, J. & Culver, D. C. (2009). Assessing and conserving groundwater biodiversity: an introduction. Freshwater Biology, 54(4): 639-648. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02202.x
24. Hamaidi-Chergui, F., Hamaidi, M. S., Brahim Errahmani, M. & Benouaklil, F. (2013). Studies on biodiversity of Rotifera in five artificial lakes in Algeria: Systematical and Zoogeographical remarks. Kragujevac Journal of Sciences, 35: 115-138.
25. Hancock, P. J., Boulton, A. J. & Humpreys, W. F. (2005). Aquifers and hyporheic zones: towards an ecological understanding of groundwater. Hydrogeology Journal, 13: 98-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0421-6
26. Herzig, A. (1987). The analysis of planktonic rotifer population: a plea for long-term investigations. Hydrobiologia 147: 163-180. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4059-8_22
27. Hessen, D. O., Jensen, T. C. & Walseng, B. (2019). Zooplankton diversity and dispersal by birds; insights from different geographical scales. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 7:74. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00074
28. Ivanova, M. B. & Kazantseva, T. I. (2006). Effect of water pH and total dissolved solids on the species diversity of pelagic zooplankton in lakes: a statistical analysis. Russian Journal of Ecology, 37 (4): 264-270. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413606040084
29. Jersabek, C. D. & Bolortsetseg, E. (2010). Mongolian rotifers (Rotifera, Monogononta) a checklist with annotations on global distribution and autecology. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 159(1): 119-168. https://doi.org/10.1635/053.159.0108
30. Kiefer, F. (1978). Freilebende Copepoda, Das Zooplankton der Binengewasser 2. Teil, Die Binengewasser Band XXVI. Stuttgart, Germany: E. Schweizerbant sche Verlasbuchhandlung (in German).
31. Korinek, V. (1987). Revision of three species of the genus Diaphanosoma Ficher 1850. Hidrobiologia, 145: 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02530263
32. Koste, W. & Shiel, R. J. (1989). Rotifera from Australian land waters. III. Euchlanidae, Mytilinidae and Trichotriidae (Rotifera: Monogononta). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 113(1&2): 85-114.
33. Koste, W. (1978). Rotatoria. Die Radertiere Mittel-europas, 2nd ed. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin and Stuttgart. V. 1, text, 673 p.; V. 2, plates, 476 p.
34. Larned, S. T. (2012). Phreatic groundwater ecosystems: research frontiers for freshwater ecology. Freshwater Biology, 57(5): 885- 906. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2012.02769.x
35. Lee, J. M. & Chang, C. Y. (2007). Two new species of Tropocyclops prasinus group (Copepoda: Cyclopidae) from South Korea. Integrative Biosciences, 11(2): 255-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/17386357.2007.9647342
36. Mustapha, M. K. (2009). Zooplankton assemblage of Oyun Reservoir, Offa, Nigeria. Revista de Biología Tropical, 57(4): 1027-1047.
37. Negrea, S. T. (1983). Fauna Rebuplici Socialiste Romania Crustacea, Cladocera. Bucharest, Romania: Academia Repiblicii Socialiste Romania (in Romanian).
38. Papa, R. D. S. & Briones, J. C. A. (2014). Climate and human-induced changes to lake ecosystems: what we can learn from monitoring zooplankton ecology. Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 17(1): 60-67. https://doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2014_1/07
39. Papa, R. D., Tordesillas, D. T. & Mamaril, A. C. (2012). An updated taxonomic account of limnetic crustacean zooplankton of Lake Taal, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science, 141(2): 253-262.
40. Ramdani, M., Elkhiati, N., Flower, R. J., Birks, H. H., Kraiem, M. M., Fathi, A. A. & Patrick, S. T. (2001). Open water zooplankton communities in North African wetland lakes: the CASSARINA Project. Aquatic Ecology, 35: 319-333. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011926310469
41. Lopes, R. M. Reid, J. W. & Da Rocha, C. E. F. (1999). Copepoda: Developments in Ecology, Biology and Systematics: proceedings of the Seventh international conference on Copepoda, held in Curitiba, Brazil, 25-31 July, 1999: reprinted from Hydrobiologia, vol. 453/454 (2001) (Vol. 156). Springer Science & Business Media.
42. Rossetti, G., Viaroli, P. and Ferrari, I. (2009). Role of abiotic and biotic factors in structuring the metazoan plankton community in a lowland river. River Research and Applications, 25(7), 814-835. https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1170
43. Ruttner-Kolisko, A. (1974). Plankton Rotifers Biology and Taxonomy. Stuttgart, Germany: Biological Station Lunz of the Austrian Academy of Science.
44. Rybak, J. I. & Bledzki, L. A. (2010). Slodkowodne skorupiaki planktonowe. Klucz do oznaczania gatunków. Warsaw, Poland: Warsaw University Press (in Polish).
45. Sarvala, J. & Halsinaho, S. (1990). Crustacean zooplankton of Finnish forest lakes in relation to acidity and other envi-ronmental factors. In: Kauppi P., Anttila P. & Kenttämies K. (eds.), Acidification in Finland, Springer, Berlin, 1009–1027. pp.
46. Scourfield, D. J. & Harding, J. P. (1966). A Key to The British Freshwater Cladocera. Freshwater Biological Association Scientific Publications, No. 5. Dorset, UK: Freshwater Biological Association.
47. Segers, H. (1995). The Lecanidae (Monogononta). Rotifera 2. In: Dumont HJ (editor). Guides to the Identification of the Continental Waters of the World 6. The Hague, the Netherlands: SPB Academic Publishing.
48. Segers, H. (2007). A global checklist of the rotifers (Phylum Rotifera). Zootaxa, 1564(1): 1–104. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1564.1.1
49. Sharma, A., Sharma, R.C. & Anthwal, A. (2007). Monitoring phyto-plankton diversity in the hill stream Chandrabhaga in Garhwal Himalayas. Life Science Journal, 4: 80-84.
50. Smirnov, N. N. (1974). Fauna of USSR Crustacea Chydoridae. Vol. I, No. 2. Jerusalem, Israel: Israel Program for Scientific Translations.
51. Stankovic, I. & Ternjej, I. (2007). The first record of Cyclops bohater kozminski (copepoda, cyclopoida) in croatia and the Balkan penisula. Natura Croatica, 16(3): 189-199.
52. Stoch, F., Artheau, M., Brancelj, A., Galassi, D. M. P. & Malard, F. (2009). Biodiversity indicators in European ground waters: towards a predictive model of stygobiotic species richness. Freshwater Biology, 54(4): 745-755. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02143.x
53. Taş, B., Gönülol, A. & Taş, E. (2010). Seasonal dynamics and biomass of mixotrophic flagellate Dinobryon sertularia Ehrenberg (Chrysophyceae) in Derbent Reservoir (Samsun, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 10: 305-313. https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas.2010.0302
54. Tavsanoglu, U. N., Maleki, R. & Akbulut, N. (2015). Effects of Salinity on the Zooplankton Community Structure in Two Maar Lakes and One Freshwater Lake in the Konya Closed Basin, Turkey. Ekoloji, 24(94): 25-32. https://doi.org/10.5053/ekoloji.2015.944
55. OSIB, (2015). Republic of Turkey Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs. Surface Water Quality Regulation, 15 p. (in Turkish).
56. Winter, T. C., Harvey, J. W., Franke, O. L. & Alley, W. M. (1998). Ground water and surface water a single resource, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1139, Denver, Colorado, 87 pp.
57. Yalim, F. B. (2006). Rotifera fauna of Yamansaz Lake (Antalya) in South-West of Turkey. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 23(3- 4): 395-397.
58. Yamada, Y. & Ikeda, T. (1999). Acute toxicity of lowered pH to some oceanic zooplankton. Plankton Biology and Ecology, 46(1): 62-67.
59. Zektser I. S. & Everett L. G.(2004). Groundwater resources of the world and their use. UNESCO IHP-VI Series on Groundwater No.6. Paris, France, 346 p.