Göksu Nehri su kalitesinin su kalite endeksi yöntemi ile uzun süreli izleme verileri kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma Göksu Nehrinin Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’e dökülen sularındaki su kalitesini tespit etmek ve yıllara bağlı olan değişimini incelemek için yapılmıştır. Devlet Su İşleri (DSİ) tarafından Göksu Nehrinin mansabında 1992-2017 yılları arasında mevsimlik olarak yapılan sıcaklık (^oC), nitrit (NO₂^-), nitrat (NO₃^-), amonyum (NH₄⁺), biyolojik oksijen ihtiyacı (BOI₅), kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), çözünmüş oksijen (ÇO), pH, sülfat (SO₄^2-), sodyum (Na⁺), toplam çözünmüş katı madde (TÇK) parametrelerine ait ölçüm sonuçları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Parametrelere ait yıllık ortalama konsantrasyon değerleri Su Kirliliği Kontrolü Yönetmeliği ile karşılaştırıldığında su kalitesinin pH, ÇO, KOİ, SO₄^2-, Na⁺, TÇK, NO₃^- parametreleri bakımından 1. sınıf, BOİ parametresi bakımından 1.sınıf ile 2. sınıf arasında değişmekte ve NO₂^-, NH₄⁺ parametreleri bakımından 1. sınıf ile 4. sınıf arası değişmekte olduğu tespitedilmiştir. Parametreler arası su kalitesinde gözlemlenen bu değişimleri en doğruşekilde değerlendirilebilmek için su kalite endeksi kullanılmıştır. 2010’lu yıllarakadar su kalite endeksinde önemli bir değişiklik gözlemlenmezken, 2014 yılında maksimum seviye olan 2873’e ulaşmış ve ardından tekrar azalmaya başlamıştır. Mevsimlere bağlı olarak da su kalitesinde değişimler olduğu, yaz aylarında artan buharlaşma sonucunda su kalitesinde önemli bir düşüş olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Su kalite endeksi
• Çevresel izleme
• Göksu Nehri

Evaluation of water quality by water quality index method using long time monitoring data in Göksu River

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the time depended variation and status of water quality of Göksu River. Seasonal measurements which were conducted at the downstream of Göksu River between 1992-2017 by State of Hydraulic Works of Turkey (DSI) were evaluated in terms of temperature (^oC), nitrite (NO₂^-), nitrate (NO₃^-), ammonium (NH₄⁺), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, sulfate (SO₄^2-), sodium (Na⁺) and total dissolved solids (TDS). When annual average concentrations of water quality parameters were compared with the water pollution control regulation, water quality was classified as class 1 in terms of pH, DO, COD, SO₄^2-, Na⁺, TDS, NO₃^-, varied between class 1 to class 2 in terms of BOD and varied between class 1 to class 4 in terms of NO₂^-, NH₄⁺. Water quality index method was used to determine the time depended variation in the water quality in most accurate way. There was no significant variation observed in the water quality index until the beginning of 2010’s. After that, water quality index value was peaked to 2873 on 2014 and tended to decrease afterwards. Also, seasonal variation in the water quality was observed. Results revealed that water quality in Göksu River tend to decrease during summer as a result of intense evaporation.

Keywords

• Water quality index
• Environmental monitoring
• Göksu River

Kaynakça

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