İsrail'in Balkanlar ile İlişkilerinin Dinamikleri

Öz

Bu makale, İsrail ile seçili Balkan devletleri (Sırbistan, Arnavutluk, Kosova ve Bosna-Hersek) arasındaki gelişen ilişkileri tarihsel bir analiz çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışmada, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde İsrail ile bu devletler arasında ortaya çıkan yakınlaşmanın, ideolojik, kültürel veya tarihsel yakınlıklardan ziyade esas olarak pragmatik kaygılar tarafından yönlendirildiği ileri sürülmektedir. Düşünsel faktörler diplomatik söylemleri şekillendirmeye ve politika tercihlerini meşrulaştırmaya devam etse de, bunlar büyük ölçüde ikincil ve araçsal unsurlar olarak işlev görmektedir. Balkan devletleri açısından bakıldığında, temel belirleyiciler arasında güvenlik kaygıları, ekonomik çıkarlar ve ABD’nin stratejik öncelikleriyle uyum yer almaktadır. İsrail açısından ise, başta İran'ın nüfuzu olmak üzere güvenlik tehditleri, diplomatik izolasyondan kaçınmak amacıyla müttefik arayışı ve esnek bir reelpolitik yaklaşım, ilişkilerin temel belirleyicileri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. İsrail ile seçili Balkan devletleri arasındaki ilişkilerin şekillenmesinde pragmatizmin merkezi rolünü vurgulayan bu makale, güncel diplomasi pratiğinde maddi çıkarların düşünsel bağlılıkların önüne geçtiğini göstererek dış politika analizi ile İsrail-Balkan ilişkileri literatürüne katkı sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Israel
• Albania
• Kosovo
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Serbia
• foreign policy
• realpolitik

Dynamics of Israel’s Relations with the Balkans

Öz

This article examines the improving relations between Israel and selected Balkan states (i.e., Serbia, Albania, Kosovo, and Bosnia and Herzegovina) through a historical analysis. It argues that the post-Cold War rapprochement between Israel and these states has been driven primarily by pragmatic considerations rather than by ideological, cultural, or historical affinities. While ideational factors continue to shape diplomatic narratives and legitimize policy choices, they function largely as secondary and instrumental elements. From the perspective of the Balkan states, key drivers include security concerns, economic interests, and alignment with U.S. strategic priorities. From Israel’s perspective, security threats, most notably from Iran, the pursuit of allies to avoid diplomatic isolation, and a flexible realpolitik approach constitute the primary determinants of engagement. By highlighting the central role of pragmatism in shaping the relations of Israel and the selected states, the article contributes to the literature on foreign policy analysis and the relations of Israel and the Balkans by demonstrating how material interests consistently outweigh ideational commitments in contemporary diplomatic practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Israel
• Albania
• Kosovo
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Serbia
• foreign policy
• realpolitik

Kaynakça

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