Balkanlar'da sui generis bir güç aktörü olarak Türkiye

Öz

Bilimsel literatürde, Türk dış politikasının Balkanlar'a kullandığı ana araçlar olarak “yumuşak güç” kavramı üzerinde bir fikir birliği bulunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda, son yıllarda birçok gözlemci, Türkiye'nin silah satışı ve çeşitli Balkan ülkeleriyle savunma işbirliği anlaşmaları imzalaması şeklinde bölgedeki askeri faaliyetlerini artırdığını belirtmiştir. Ancak, Türk yumuşak gücünün bazı özellikleri ve zorlayıcı bir şekilde kullanımı yeterince incelenmemiştir. Bu bağlamda, bu makale geçici olarak “sui generis yumuşak güç” terimini önermektedir. Aynı zamanda Türkiye, Balkan ülkeleriyle uzun süreli bağlar kurmak için askeri alanı kullanmakta, böylece sert gücü yine kendine özgü, değiştirilmiş bir şekilde kullanmaktadır. Makale, Balkanlar'da her iki aracın bir arada kullanılmasıyla Türkiye'nin yaklaşımının Joseph Nye'nin tanımladığı “akıllı güç” olarak sınıflandırılabileceği sonucuna varmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Balkanlar,
• Türk Dış Politikası
• yumuşak güç
• sert güç
• akıllı güç

Etik Beyan

Yazar tarafından herhangi bir çıkar çatışması bildirilmemiştir.

Türkiye as a sui generis power player at the Balkans

Öz

There is consensus in the scientific literature that so-called “soft power” is the primary instrument of Turkish foreign policy toward the Balkans. At the same time, in recent years, a number of observers have noted Türkiye's increased military activism in the region, including arms sales and the signing of defense cooperation agreements with various Balkan countries. However, some specifics of the Turkish soft power and its usage in a coercive manner are understudied. In this respect, the current article offers the tentative term “soft power sui generis”. At the same time, Türkiye is using the military domain to create long-lasting bonds with Balkan countries, thereby employing hard power again in a specific, modified, sui generis way. The article concludes that the combination of both tools in the Balkans allows Türkiye's approach to be categorized as “smart power” as defined by Joseph Nye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• The Balkans
• Turkish Foreign Policy
• soft power
• hard power
• smart power

Etik Beyan

No conflict of interest is reported by the author

Teşekkür

I want to thank R./ for her patience and support through my academic endeavours.

Kaynakça

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