Avrupa Birliği Doğu Ortaklığı Projesinin Gürcistan’a Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 167 - 193, 30.03.2020

Ali Onur Özçelik Sopiko Zandaradze

https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.712957

Öz

Bu makale, AB’nin doğuya yönelik genişlemesinin ardından Birliğe komşu olan yeni ülkelere demokrasiyi teşvik etmek için uyguladığı “Yeni Komşuluk Politikası ve Doğu Ortaklığı” politikalarını analiz etmek üzerine yazılmıştır. Yakın gelecekte Birliğe üye olması neredeyse imkânsız olarak değerlendirilen bu ülkeler (Ukrayna, Gürcistan, Belarus, Moldova, Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan), bütünleşme olmadan genişleme stratejisi bağlamında AB’nin Doğu komşularına yönelik uyguladığı normatif politikaların etkisi altında kalmıştır. AB’ne uyum konusunda göstermiş olduğu çaba, AB’nin Gürcistan’ı komşuluk politikasında örnek olarak seçmesi ve tek bir ülke üzerinden derinlemesine analiz yapmanın sağladığı avantaj, Gürcistan’ın seçilmesindeki temel motivasyonlardır. AB’nin normatif gücünün Gürcistan özelinde nasıl bir değişim sağladığını analiz etmek için, makalenin kavramsal çerçevesinde Avrupalılaşma literatürüne başvurulmuştur. Ayrıca “Dışsal Yönetişim Modeli”nden yola çıkarak “AB Komşuluk Politikası” ve onun halefi olan “Doğu Ortaklığı”nın Gürcistan'da insan hakları ve temel özgürlükler ile suç ve yolsuzlukla mücadele konusunda ne tür bir değişim sağladığı araştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupalılaşma, Dışsal Yönetişim, Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası, Doğu Ortaklığı, Gürcistan

The Impact of the European Union East Partnership on Georgia

Öz

This article is about analyzing the New Neighborhood Policy and the Eastern Partnership policies that the EU is applying to promote democracy towards new countries adjacent to the Union following the eastern enlargement. Countries (Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus, Moldova, Azerbaijan, and Armenia), which are considered almost impossible to join the Union in the near future, have been under the influence of the normative policies of the EU towards their Eastern neighbors in the context of the enlargement without integration strategy. The effort to adapt to the EU, being selected as an example country in the EU’s neighborhood policy and conducting in-depth analysis through one single country are the important motivations for Georgia to be selected as a case country. In order to analyze how the EU's normative power brings about changes in Georgia, Europeanization literature has been consulted as the conceptual framework of the article. In addition, based on the External Governance Model, the EU Neighborhood Policy and its successor Eastern Partnership have been investigated in Georgia in terms of human rights, fundamental freedoms and the fight against crime and corruption.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Europeanization, External Governance, European Neighborhood Policy, Eastern Partnership, Georgia

Kaynakça

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