Cihadi Selefiliğin Evreleri: İdeolojik Oluşumda Olgu-Düşünce İlişkisi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 472 - 492, 26.09.2021

Nurullah Çakmaktaş

https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.946927

Öz

Bu çalışmamızda, altmışlı yıllardan itibaren genelde Müslüman toplumları ve özelde ise Siyasal İslami hareketleri doğrudan etkileyen İslam dünyasında vuku bulmuş bazı dini, siyasi ve askeri gelişmeleri ve olguları ana perspektif alarak; kırılma anlarının yaşandığı bu dönemlerde cihadî ideologlar olarak kabul edilen kimselerin içinde bulundukları krizlere reaksiyon olarak ürettiği ve dönemin temsil kabiliyetini haiz ana metinleri kronolojik olarak incelemek suretiyle cihadi selefi ideolojinin oluşumunun izini sürmeye çalıştık. Böylece cihâdî düşünceye dair zaman içinde üretilen temaların her birinin büyük oranda İslam dünyasını ve Müslüman toplumu bir şekilde etkileyen harici veya dahili kaynaklı olgularla bağlantılı olduğunu göstermeye çalıştık. Bu çalışmadaki temel amacımız, ilk kez 19.yüzyılda, İslam dünyasının içinde bulunduğu krize bir reçete olarak sunulun İslamcılık düşüncesinin ve bağımsızlık sonrası dönemde de bu düşünce üzerine aksiyon kazanan İslami hareketin bir sapması olarak üretilen cihâdî düşüncenin, söz konusu olgularla bağlantılı olarak ortaya çıktığını, olgunlaştığını, evrildiğini ve kontrolden çıkmak suretiyle şiddete savrularak terörize olduğunu göstermeye çalışmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cihadi Selefilik, Cihadi Düşünce, Dini Radikalizm, İdeoloji, Ortadoğu

The Ages of Jihadi Salafism: A Dual Exchange of Ideas and Contexts in Ideological Formation

Öz

In this study I try to trace the ideological formation of jihadi Salafism through a chronological survey of the foundational texts, which were penned by people, who were regarded as ideologues of jihadi Salafism, in the form of reaction pieces to the conjuncture they were set against. I argue in this article that there is a strong connection between some religious, political, and military developments and facts, internal or external in origin, that influenced the Muslim world and each major theme of jihadi thought that went into circulation over time. The main objective of this article is to demonstrate that the jihadi ideology, generated as an anomaly of the mainstream Islamic movement in the post-independence period, emerged interrelated with the facts and developments aforementioned above, matured, developed, and became a terrorist movement. The study’s coverage is the course of jihadism from the 1960s to 2006 when ISIS began to take form.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jihadi Salafism, Jihadi Thought, Religious Radicalism, Ideology, Middle East

Kaynakça

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