Geopolitical Regionalisms Resulting From US-Led GWOT, Colour Revolutions and Arab Spring: Implications for Turkish Defence and Foreign Policy

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 263 - 284, 26.09.2021

Greg Simons

https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.996928

Cited By: 1

Öz

Geopolitical regionalisms are a mechanism of managing influence in a particular region at a particular point in time. They exist and are driven by powers vying for influence at the expense of others, in turn, influenced by the nature of the geopolitical era in which they exist. The Cold War saw a bipolar world, where geopolitical regionalisms were achieved by the two superpowers, often through their proxies. This was replaced by a monopolar world order after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The current transforming global order towards a multipolar world has created a lot of chaos through the United States seeking to maintain its global hegemony and thwart competition. This is accomplished through creating branded events in international relations, such as the Global War On Terror or the Arab Spring. The goal is to manage the international system as envisaged by the strategic imperatives mentioned by Brzezinski in 1997, through weakening opponents and keeping allies dependent. As such, tremendous challenges have been created for Turkey in handling its foreign and security policy interests as a regional power in the Middle East.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkey, Global War on Terrorism, Arab Spring, Geopolitical Regionalisms, foreign and security policy, branding international events

Teröre Karşı Küresel Savaş, Renkli Devrimler, ve Arap Baharı’ndan Jeopolitik Bölgeselciliğe: Türk Savunma ve Dış Politikasına Etkileri

Öz

Jeopolitik bölgeselcilik belli bir bölgede belli bir zamanda etki yönetme mekanizmasıdır. Bu amaçla aktörler, içinde bulundukları jeopolitik dönemin doğasından etkilenirken, başkaları pahasına var olmak ve güç elde etmek adına mücadele ederler. Soğuk Savaş dönemi, jeopolitik bölgeselciliğin iki süper güç tarafından, genellikle vekilleri aracılığıyla elde edildiği iki kutuplu bir dünyaya şahit oldu. 1991’de Sovyetler Birliği’nin yıkılması ile tek kutuplu dünya düzeni hâkim hale geldi. Günümüzde çok kutuplu dünyaya doğru evrilen bu küresel düzenin dönüşüm süreci ise sancılı oldu. Dünya çapında hegemonyasını korumaya ve rekabeti engellemeye çalışan ABD bu dönüşümün sancılı olmasında büyük rol oynadı. ABD hegemonyasını devam ettirmek için Teröre Karşı Küresel Savaş veya Arap Baharı gibi olayları markalaştırarak uluslararası ilişkilerin temel konusu haline getirdi. ABD’nin bununla ulaşmak istediği hedef, Brzezinski'nin 1997'de belirttiği stratejik zorunlulukların öngördüğü uluslararası sistemi, muhalifleri zayıflatarak ve müttefikleri bağımlı tutarak yönetmekti. Bu iklimde, Ortadoğu'da bölgesel bir güç olarak Türkiye'nin dış ve güvenlik politikası çıkarlarını gerçekleştirmesinde ciddi zorluklar yaratılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye, Terörizme Karşı Küresel Savaş, Arap Baharı, Jeopolitik bölgeselcilik, Dış politika, Uluslararası Olayları Markalaştırma

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