Psychological Well-Being in Children: A Model Proposal and Scale Development Study

Öz

The purpose of this study is to propose a model that provides a holistic perspective on psychological well-being in 5-6 year-old children and to develop a valid, reliable, comprehensive and useful measurement tool on the basis of this model. Accordingly, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis was performed on 1226 children and also confirmatory factor analysis was performed on 616 children determined by purposeful sampling method. The criterion validity of the scale was carried out with the Social Emotional Well-being and Psychological Resilience Scale (PERIK) developed by Mayr and Ulich (2009) and adapted to Turkish by Durmuşoğlu Saltalı, Erbay, Işık, and İmir (2018). According to the results, Psychological Well-Being Scale for 5/6 Year-old Children consists of 9 sub-dimensions: physical health, low internalization, low externalization, self-regulation, social competence-assertiveness, cognitive competence, values, psychological resilience, and life satisfaction. As a result of CFA, the values of some fit indices were found as χ2 / df = 2.0035, RMSEA = 0.040, SRMR = 0.052, NFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.95, CFI = 0.95 and IFI = 0.95. The results showed that the psychometric properties of the scale were at an acceptable level. The findings of the study were discussed and recommendations were made.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psychological well-being model in children
• scale development
• validity and reliability

Çocuklarda Psikolojik İyi Oluş: Bir Model Önerisi ve Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı 5-6 yaş çocuklarında psikolojik iyi oluş hakkında bütüncül bir bakış açısı sunan bir model önermek ve bu model temelinde geçerli, güvenilir, kapsamlı ve kullanışlı bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Bu doğrultuda amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 1226 çocuk üzerinde madde analizleri, açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve güvenirlik analizleri; 616 çocuk üzerinde ise doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğinin ölçüt geçerliği Mayr ve Ulich (2009) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçeye uyarlaması Durmuşoğlu Saltalı, Erbay, Işık ve İmir (2018) tarafından gerçekleştirilen Sosyal Duygusal İyi Oluş ve Psikolojk Sağlamlık Ölçeği (PERİK) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre 5/6 Yaş Çocukları İçin Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği fiziksel sağlık, düşük içselleştirme, düşük dışsallaştırma, öz düzenleme, sosyal yetkinlik-girişkenlik, bilişsel yetkinlik, değer davranışları, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaşam doyumu olmak üzere 9 alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. DFA sonucunda bazı uyum indekslerinin değerleri ise χ2/sd = 2.0035, RMSEA = 0.040, SRMR = 0.052, NFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.95, CFI = 0.95 ve IFI = 0.95 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuklarda psikolojik iyi oluş modeli
• ölçek geliştirme
• geçerlik ve güvenirlik

Kaynakça

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