OBOR GİRİŞİMİ’NİN COĞRAFYASI

Öz

OBOR (One Belt One Road-Bir Kuşak Bir Yol) Girişimi, Çin jeopolitiği ve jeoekonomisinin bir gereği olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. OBOR, merkezinde Çin’in yer aldığı Asya, Avrupa, Orta Doğu ve kısmen Afrika’yı da kapsayan, ulaşım ağları, telekomünikasyon ve enerji ağları ile uluslararası entegrasyonun hedeflendiği bir projedir. OBOR girişimi oldukça geniş bir coğrafi sınıra sahiptir. 69 üye ülkeyi, dünya nüfusunun % 65’ini, dünya GYSYH’nIn % 42’sini, bilinen enerji rezervlerinin % 75’ini, dünya kara yüzölçümünün % 40 kadarını kapsamaktadır. Çin, OBOR sürecinde altyapı yatırımlarını 30-35 yılda tamamlamayarak, Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşunun 100. yılı olan 2049’da, girişime tüm yönlerliyle işlerlik kazandırmayı planlamaktadır. Projelerin tamamlanması uzun vadeye yayılsa da, Çin on yıl içinde OBOR ülkeleri arasında 2.5 trilyon ABD Doları değerinde yıllık ticaret hacmine ulaşmayı hedeflemektedir. OBOR süreci yalnızca altyapı projelerinden ibaret olarak görülmemelidir. Girişimin zaman içerisinde ticaret hukukunda uyum, serbest ticaret bölgeleri oluşturma, gümrük anlaşmalarıyla uluslararası bir entegrasyona dönüşeceği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, pek çok yönüyle coğrafi mekânın konusu olan OBOR Girişimi’ni, gelişen süreçlerle birlikte irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Jeopolitik,Jeoekonomi,Coğrafya,Çin,OBOR

Geography of OBOR Attempt

Öz

OBOR attempt has manifested the force of Chinese geopolitics and geoeconomics. OBOR is a project where China places in its center and also involves Asia, Europe, Middle East and partly the Africa. Transportation networks, telecommunication, energy networks with the international integration are aimed at this project. OBOR attempt has pretty large territorial limits. It covers 69 member countries, 65% of the world population, 42% of the world’s GDP, 75% of the energy reserves known, 40% of the square measure of lands of the world. China has planned the attempt to bring into force in 2049 when will be the 100th year of the foundation of PRC by completing the infrastructure investments within 30-35 years. Much as completing the project has extended over a period, China targets to reach $2,5 trillion of annual trade volume among OBOR countries within ten years. OBOR must not be seen as just composed of the infrastructure projects. It is observed that the attempt is going to turn into an international integration by the adaptation in commercial law, establishing free trade areas, and the customs treatises. This paper aims to analyze OBOR attempt that is the subject of the geographical location of the developing processes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Geopolitics,Geoecenomy,Geography,China,OBOR

Kaynakça

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