KARBON EMİSYONLARI, ORTA VE YÜKSEK TEKNOLOJİLİ SEKTÖRLER VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN YENİDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: GELİŞMEKTE OLAN AVRUPA ÜLKELERİ İÇİN U-ŞEKLİNDE BULGULAR

Öz

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin yüksek büyüme oranlarını sürdürürken karşı karşıya kaldıkları en büyük problemlerden biri çevre kirliğidir. Ekonomik büyüme, çevre kirliliği arasındaki ilişki literatürde Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi kapsamında ele alınmaktadır. Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi bağlamında yapılan çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı ekonomik büyüme ile CO2 emisyonları arasında ters-U şeklinde bir ilişki olduğunu tespit etmiştir. Bu çalışmada 2001-2018 yılları arasında gelişmekte olan 8 Avrupa ülkesinde kişi başına düşen gelir ile CO2 emisyonları arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Daha önce yapılmış çalışmalardan farklı olarak bu çalışmada orta ve yüksek teknoloji ürünlerinin katma değerinin CO2 emisyonları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiş ve analiz edilen zaman periyodunun CO2 emisyonlarının daha güncel halini temsil etmesi sağlanmıştır. Panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan çalışmada gelişmekte olan Avrupa ülkelerinde Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi’nin literatürdeki çalışmaların çoğundan farklı olarak U- biçiminde olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuca ek olarak orta ve yüksek teknolojili endüstrilerin katma değeri CO2 emisyonları üzerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir ve orta ve yüksek teknolojili endüstrilerin katma değerindeki artış CO2 emisyonlarını azaltmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (ÇKE)
• CO2 emisyonları
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Orta ve Yüksek Teknolojili Sektörler
• U- şeklinde ilişki

REVISITING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARBON EMISSIONS, MEDIUM AND HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: U-SHAPED EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPING EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Öz

Environmental pollution is one of the biggest problems faced by the developing countries while sustaining their growth rates. The relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution is dealt with within the context of Environmental Kuznets Curve in literature. Most of the studies conducted within the context of Environmental Kuznets Curve have established that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions. This study has been designed to analyse the relationship between the income per capita and CO2 emissions in 8 developing European countries between 2001 and 2018. Unlike the previous studies, in this study the effect of the added value of the medium and high-tech products on CO2 emissions has been analysed and the analysed time period has been made to represent the more updated state of CO2 emissions. In this study conducted by using the panel data analysis method, unlike in most of the studies in literature, it has been found out that Environmental Kuznets Curve is U-shaped. Besides, the added value of the medium and high-tech products has a statistically significant effect on CO2 emissions, and the increase in the added value of the medium and high-tech products reduces CO2 emissions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)
• CO2 emissions
• Economic Growth
• Medium and High-Tech Industries
• U-shaped relationship

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