Lex Rhodia de Iactu'ya Genel Bir Bakış

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 209 - 234, 15.12.2017

İpek Sevda Söğüt

Öz

Bu makale, Romalıların Rodos Yasasından aldığı ve Iustinianus'un

derlemesinde yer alan müşterek avarya kavramına genel bir bakış niteliğindedir.

Müşterek avarya, antik dönemler deniz hukuku ve uygulamasının

en eski izlerinden biridir. Antik Yunan'ın çöküşü ve Roma

İmparatorluğu'nun yükselişi Rodos Deniz Hukukunun etkisini değiştirmiş

olsa da, Rodos Kanunu Akdeniz ticareti için barışçıl ve karlı olduğundan,

yeknesak bir kod olarak varlığını devam ettirdi. Akdeniz'de,

neredeyse bin yıldan fazla, Romalılar tarafından bazı eklemelerle çeşitlendirilmiş

olsa dahi, sadece Rodos Hukuku hakim olmuştur.

Nitekim, lex Rhodia de Iactu, metinlerin hukuksal olmaktan çok,

tarihsel olmasından dolayı, Roma Özel Hukukunun en tartışmalı konularından

biridir. Bu, Digesta 14.2.0 (De lege Rodia [Rhodia] de iactu)'deki

on derlemede açıklanan, oldukça karmaşık bir sistemin içeriğinin doğası

ve öneminden kaynaklanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

avarya, müşterek avarya, lex rhodia, deniz ticaret hukuku

A Synoptic Overview of the Lex Rhodia De Iactu

Öz

This article is an overview of the concept of the general average

rules that the Romans adopted from the Rhodesian Law and took place

in the codification of Iustinianus. General average is one of the most

ancient vestiges of maritime law and practice. Although the decline of

Ancient Greece and the rise of the Roman Empire altered the influence

of Rhodes maritime law; Rhodes retained its existence as a uniform

code, since it was peaceful and profitable for Mediterranean trade. The

Mediterranean Sea was, for more than one thousand years, only ruled

by the Rhodian law, although augmented with some additions by the

Romans.

As a matter of fact, the lex Rhodia de iactu may be one of the

most controversial issues of Roman private law, since the texts tend

to be more historical than juristic. This is due to the structure and significance of the content of a highly complex system which described

as ten compilations in Digest 14.2.0 (De lege Rodia [Rhodia] de iactu).

Anahtar Kelimeler

general average, jettison, lex rhodia, maritime law

Kaynakça

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