INTEGRATED PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION PLANNING FOR PERISHABLE PRODUCTS

Öz

The stages a product completes can, generally, be sorted as, beginning from the first supplier, its process on the production line in a plant and the path it reaches to customers through distributors and retailers. The studies and practices, so far, have accepted distribution and production as separate planning stages, hence the models have discussed production and distribution under separate models. Whereas distribution and production decisions affect each other successively a combined production-distribution planning would yield more reliable and productive results. Especially if the planned product loses its quality and value in time, in other words if it is a perishable product, the decisions for when and how much to produce and when and how to distribute will affect each other. This study suggests a mixed integer linear programming model which handles production and distribution of multiple perishable products, in a plant, to multiple distribution centers by multiple vehicles. The aim of the model is to minimize total production, distribution, and inventory costs (total costs of fixed production, variable production, inventory in the plant, inventory in the distribution center and fixed transportation costs of using the vehicle)

BOZULABİLİR ÜRÜNLER İÇİN BİRLEŞİK ÜRETİM VE DAĞITIM PLANLAMA

Öz

Bir ürünün geçtiği aşamalar, ilk tedarikçisinden başlayarak fabrikadaki üretim hattında işlenmesi, dağıtımcılar ve perakendeciler yolunu izleyerek müşteriye ulaşması olarak sıralanabilir. Bu zincirin planlanmasında yazında ve uygulamada genel kanı olarak üretim ile dağıtım ayrı planlama aşamaları olarak kabul edilmiş, buna bağlı olarak kurulan modeller de üretimi ve dağıtımı ayrı modeller altında ele almıştır. Oysa dağıtım ve üretim birbirlerini zincirleme olarak etkileyen kararlar olduğundan birleşik bir üretimdağıtım planlaması çok daha sağlıklı ve verimli sonuçlar verecektir. Özellikle de planlaması yapılan ürün zamanla kalitesi ve değeri azalan, yani bozulabilir bir ürün ise; ürünün ne zaman, ne kadar üretildiği ile ne zaman, nasıl dağıtılacağı birbirini zincirleme olarak etkileyecektir. Bu çalışmada, bir fabrikada, birden fazla bozulabilir ürünün üretimi ve birden fazla dağıtım merkezine birden fazla araç ile dağıtımını birleşik ele alan bir karma tamsayılı doğrusal programlama modeli önerilmiştir. Modelin amacı, toplam üretim, dağıtım ve stok maliyetlerini (sabit ve değişken üretim, fabrikadaki ve dağıtım merkezlerindeki stok ile araçların sabit dağıtım maliyetleri toplamını) en az yapmaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Birleşik Üretim ve Dağıtım Planlama
• Bozulabilir Ürün
• Karma Tam Sayılı Doğrusal Programlama

Kaynakça

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