COVID-19 Phobia and Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccines in Individuals with Respiratory Diseases

Öz

Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the COVID-19 phobia levels of individuals with respiratory diseases and their attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines. Material and Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 368 pulmonology patients between 15 March 2021 and 15 June 2021. The data were collected using a “Patient Information Form” that was developed by researchers, the “COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S)”, and the “COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes Scale (ATV-COVID-19)”. The data analyses included descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: It was determined that 51.4% of the participants were women, 99.5% had received COVID-19 vaccination, and 70.1% experienced anxiety in cases of respiratory difficulties. The mean C19P-S and ATV-COVID-19 scores of participants were 56.33±6.47 and 4.08±0.27, respectively. The total C19P-S scores of participants and their scores in the psychological and social dimensions of C19P-S were significantly and positively related to their scores in the positive attitudes dimension of ATV-COVID-19, while their scores in the somatic and economic dimensions of C19P-S were significantly and positively related to the latter (p<0.05). The COVID-19 phobia levels and vaccine attitudes of participants were found to vary significantly in terms of being COVID-19-positive or in contact with a COVID-19 patient, COVID-19 positivity in relatives, perception of general health status, having breathing problems/experiencing anxiety, and respiratory disease diagnosis types (p<0.05). Conclusion: The COVID-19 phobia levels of participants were above-average, and their attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines were positive. As the COVID-19 phobia levels of the participants increased, their positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines increased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pulmonology patient
• Phobia
• Vaccine
• Attitude
• COVID-19

Solunum Sistemi Hastalıklarına Sahip Bireylerin Covıd-19 Fobisi İle Covıd-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumları

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, solunum sistemi hastalıklarına sahip bireylerin COVID-19 fobisi ile COVID-19 aşısına yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel nitelikteki bu araştırma, 15 Mart 2021- 15 Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında 368 göğüs hastası ile tamamlanmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Hasta Tanıtım Formu”, “Koronavirüs 19 Fobisi Ölçeği” ve “COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Independent Sample T test, ANOVA testi ve Pearson Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Solunum sistemi hastalığına sahip hastaların %51.4’ünün kadın, %99.5’inin COVID-19 aşısı yaptırdığı, %70.1’inin solunum sıkıntısı durumunda kaygı yaşadığı saptanmıştır. Hastaların COVID-19 Fobi puan ortalamalarının 56.33±6.47 ve COVID-19 Aşı Tutum Ölçeği puan ortalamalarının ise 4.08±0.27 olduğu bulunmuştur. COVID-19 fobisi ölçeği toplam puanı, COVID-19 fobi ölçeği psikolojik ve sosyal alt boyutu ile COVID-19 aşısı olumlu tutum alt boyutu arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı, somatik alt boyut ve ekonomik alt boyut arasında ise negative yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0.05). COVID-19 fobisi ve aşı tutumunun COVID-19 temaslı/pozitif olma durumu, yakınlarında COVID-19 pozitiflik durumu, genel sağlık durumu algısı, solunum sıkıntısı/kaygısı çekme ve solunum sistemi hastalık tanılarına gore anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştığı bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Sonuç ve Öneriler: Solunum sistemi hastalığına sahip hastaların, COVID-19 Fobisinin orta düzeyin üzerinde olduğu ve COVID-19 Aşına yönelik tutumlarının olumlu olduğu saptandı. Hastaların fobisi arttıkça COVID-19 aşısına yönelik olumlu tutumlarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Göğüs Hastası
• Fobi
• Tutum
• COVİD-19

Kaynakça

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