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AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU

Yıl 2013, Sayı: 2, 71 - 112, 01.02.2013

Öz

The U.S. Constitution includes many fundamental guarantees of individual liberty, including the right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures. According to The Fourth Amendment all searches and seizures must be reasonable and be supported by probable cause in order for them to be conducted. The Fourth Amendment protects the people against unreasonable searches and seizures by requiring warrant based on probable cause. This Amendment provides a general standard that all searches and seizures must be reasonable. It also imposes obtaining warrant, relying on probable cause, and describing particularly the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.The Supreme Court has interpreted the Fourth Amendment to include a presumptive warrant requirement. The Supreme Court, however, has also recognized situations that render obtaining a warrant impractical or against the public’s interest and has accordingly crafted various exceptions to the warrant and probable cause requirements of the Fourth Amendment. There are some exceptions to the warrant requirement, which have been established by the Supreme Court. To give an example of those exceptions is school search. At the schools as a principle, officers may conduct routine stops and searches without a warrant or probable cause. Routine searches are permissible under the school search doctrine, not requiring a search warrant, probable cause, reasonable suspicion, or even an articulable suspicion. School searches at the public scholl is made primarily by school officers

Kaynakça

  • Andrew E. TASLITZ-Margaret L. PARIS-Lenese C. HERBERT, Constitutional Criminal Procedure, Professor Review Copy Not For Sale, Foundation Press, 3rd Ed. 2007 Ed.
  • Bernard E. HARCOURT, “The Road to Racial Profiling” In: Carol S. STEIKER, Criminal Procedure Stories, 2006.
  • Brent E. NEWTON, Practical Criminal Procedure, A Constitutional Manual, NITA, 2005.
  • Clifford S. FISHMAN- Anne T. MCKENNA, Wiretapping § Eavesdropping: Surveillance In The Internet Age, Third Edition, 2007, Online Westlaw.
  • Erwin CHEMERINSKY-Laurie L. LEVENSON, Criminal Procedure, Investigation, Aspen Publishers, 2008. (CHEMERINSKY-LEVENSON)
  • FEDERAL PROCEDURE, Lawyers Edition, § 22:223, Database updated March 2010, Online West Law.
  • Philip A. HUBBART, Making Sense of Search and Seizure Law, 2005.
  • Frank W. MILLER-Robert O.DAWSON-DIX-PARNAS, The Police Function, 2000.
  • James F. ANDERSON- Bankole THOMPSON, American Criminal Procedure, 2007.
  • Jerold H. ISRAEL-Wayne R. LAFAVE, Criminal Procedure, Constitutional Limitations, 6th Ed. 2001.
  • Jon M. Van DYKE - Melvin M. SAKURAI, Checklists for Searches and Seizures in Public Schools, West Group, 2001.
  • John R. KENNEL-Jane E. LEHMAN, “Searches and Seizures”, American Jurisprudence, Second Edition, 68 Amr.Jur. 2d. Searches and Seizures, § 54, Database updated May 2009, Online Westlaw.
  • John R. KENNEL-Jane E. LEHMAN, “Searches and Seizures”, 68 Amr. Jur.2d. § 131, Online Westlaw. Joshua DRESSLER-Alan C. MICHAELS, Understanding Criminal Procedure, Volume 1: Investigation, 4th Edition, 2006, Lexis Nexis.
  • Lawrence F. ROSSOW-Jacqueline A. STEFKOVICH, Searches and Seizures in Public Schools, Third Ed. 2006
  • Lloyd L. WEINREB, Leading Constitutional Cases on Criminal Justice, 2008,
  • Kenneth R. EVANS, Search and Seizure, 2002.
  • Marc L. MILLER-Ronald F. WRIGHT, Criminal Procedures, The Police, Aspen Publishers, 3rd Ed. 2007.
  • Micheal A. CRETACCI, Supreme Court Case Briefs in Criminal Procedure, 2008.
  • M.Murat YARDIMCI, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Hukuku, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi İçtihatları ve Türk Hukukunda İletişimin Denetlenmesi, Ankara, 2009.
  • Otis H. STEPHENS- Richard A. GLENN, Unreasonable Searches and Seizures, Rights and Liberties Under the Law, 2006.
  • Robert M. BLOOM - MARK S. BRODIN, Criminal Procedure, Aspen Publishers, Fourth Edition, 2004.
  • Robert H. WOODY, Search and Seizure, 2006
  • Ronald J. ALLEN-Joseph L. HOFFMANN-Debra A. LIVINGSTON- William J.STUNTZ, Criminal Procedure: Investigation and Right to Counsel, Aspen Publishers, 2005.
  • Ronald M. PRICE, Search and Seizure, BookWorld Publications, 2002
  • Russel L. WEAVER- Leslie W. ABRAMSON- John M. BURKOFF- Catherine HANCOCK, Principles of Criminal Procedure, 3rd Edition, Thomson- West, 2008.
  • Steven L. EMANUEL, Criminal Procedure, Aspen Publishers. 27th Edition, 2007. (EMANUEL)
  • Stephen A. SALTZBURG - Daniel J. CAPRA - Angela J. DAVIS, Basic Criminal Procedure, 4th Edition, Thomson-West 2005.
  • Thomas N. McINNIS, The Evolution of the Fourt Amendment, 2009.
  • Wayne R. LAFAVE - Jerold H. ISRAEL - Nancy J. KING, Criminal Procedure and The Constitution, 2009.
  • Wayne R. LAFAVE - Jerold H. ISRAEL - Nancy J. KING, Criminal Procedure, Fourth Edition, 2004, Thomson-West,
  • Wayne R. LAFAVE, Search and Seizure, A Treatise on the Fourt Amendment, Volume 5, Fourth Edition, Thomson-West 2004.

AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU

Yıl 2013, Sayı: 2, 71 - 112, 01.02.2013

Öz

ABD Hukukunda, arama, elkoyma ve yakalama işlemlerine karşı kişilere güvenceler sağlayan düzenleme Anayasa’nın Ek 4. Maddesidir. Bu madde genel olarak devlet görevlilerinin yerine getireceği bu işlemlerin makul olarak yürütülmesini; yapılacak işlemler için hakimden karar alınmasını, kararın da hem bir makul sebebe dayanmasını, hem de yapılacak işlemlerin kapsamını belirginleştirmesini öngörmektedir

Kaynakça

  • Andrew E. TASLITZ-Margaret L. PARIS-Lenese C. HERBERT, Constitutional Criminal Procedure, Professor Review Copy Not For Sale, Foundation Press, 3rd Ed. 2007 Ed.
  • Bernard E. HARCOURT, “The Road to Racial Profiling” In: Carol S. STEIKER, Criminal Procedure Stories, 2006.
  • Brent E. NEWTON, Practical Criminal Procedure, A Constitutional Manual, NITA, 2005.
  • Clifford S. FISHMAN- Anne T. MCKENNA, Wiretapping § Eavesdropping: Surveillance In The Internet Age, Third Edition, 2007, Online Westlaw.
  • Erwin CHEMERINSKY-Laurie L. LEVENSON, Criminal Procedure, Investigation, Aspen Publishers, 2008. (CHEMERINSKY-LEVENSON)
  • FEDERAL PROCEDURE, Lawyers Edition, § 22:223, Database updated March 2010, Online West Law.
  • Philip A. HUBBART, Making Sense of Search and Seizure Law, 2005.
  • Frank W. MILLER-Robert O.DAWSON-DIX-PARNAS, The Police Function, 2000.
  • James F. ANDERSON- Bankole THOMPSON, American Criminal Procedure, 2007.
  • Jerold H. ISRAEL-Wayne R. LAFAVE, Criminal Procedure, Constitutional Limitations, 6th Ed. 2001.
  • Jon M. Van DYKE - Melvin M. SAKURAI, Checklists for Searches and Seizures in Public Schools, West Group, 2001.
  • John R. KENNEL-Jane E. LEHMAN, “Searches and Seizures”, American Jurisprudence, Second Edition, 68 Amr.Jur. 2d. Searches and Seizures, § 54, Database updated May 2009, Online Westlaw.
  • John R. KENNEL-Jane E. LEHMAN, “Searches and Seizures”, 68 Amr. Jur.2d. § 131, Online Westlaw. Joshua DRESSLER-Alan C. MICHAELS, Understanding Criminal Procedure, Volume 1: Investigation, 4th Edition, 2006, Lexis Nexis.
  • Lawrence F. ROSSOW-Jacqueline A. STEFKOVICH, Searches and Seizures in Public Schools, Third Ed. 2006
  • Lloyd L. WEINREB, Leading Constitutional Cases on Criminal Justice, 2008,
  • Kenneth R. EVANS, Search and Seizure, 2002.
  • Marc L. MILLER-Ronald F. WRIGHT, Criminal Procedures, The Police, Aspen Publishers, 3rd Ed. 2007.
  • Micheal A. CRETACCI, Supreme Court Case Briefs in Criminal Procedure, 2008.
  • M.Murat YARDIMCI, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Hukuku, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi İçtihatları ve Türk Hukukunda İletişimin Denetlenmesi, Ankara, 2009.
  • Otis H. STEPHENS- Richard A. GLENN, Unreasonable Searches and Seizures, Rights and Liberties Under the Law, 2006.
  • Robert M. BLOOM - MARK S. BRODIN, Criminal Procedure, Aspen Publishers, Fourth Edition, 2004.
  • Robert H. WOODY, Search and Seizure, 2006
  • Ronald J. ALLEN-Joseph L. HOFFMANN-Debra A. LIVINGSTON- William J.STUNTZ, Criminal Procedure: Investigation and Right to Counsel, Aspen Publishers, 2005.
  • Ronald M. PRICE, Search and Seizure, BookWorld Publications, 2002
  • Russel L. WEAVER- Leslie W. ABRAMSON- John M. BURKOFF- Catherine HANCOCK, Principles of Criminal Procedure, 3rd Edition, Thomson- West, 2008.
  • Steven L. EMANUEL, Criminal Procedure, Aspen Publishers. 27th Edition, 2007. (EMANUEL)
  • Stephen A. SALTZBURG - Daniel J. CAPRA - Angela J. DAVIS, Basic Criminal Procedure, 4th Edition, Thomson-West 2005.
  • Thomas N. McINNIS, The Evolution of the Fourt Amendment, 2009.
  • Wayne R. LAFAVE - Jerold H. ISRAEL - Nancy J. KING, Criminal Procedure and The Constitution, 2009.
  • Wayne R. LAFAVE - Jerold H. ISRAEL - Nancy J. KING, Criminal Procedure, Fourth Edition, 2004, Thomson-West,
  • Wayne R. LAFAVE, Search and Seizure, A Treatise on the Fourt Amendment, Volume 5, Fourth Edition, Thomson-West 2004.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Dr. İlyas Şahin Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, D. İ. . (2013). AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi(2), 71-112.
AMA Şahin Dİ. AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi. Şubat 2013;(2):71-112.
Chicago Şahin, Dr. İlyas. “AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU”. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi, sy. 2 (Şubat 2013): 71-112.
EndNote Şahin Dİ (01 Şubat 2013) AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi 2 71–112.
IEEE D. İ. . Şahin, “AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU”, Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi, sy. 2, ss. 71–112, Şubat 2013.
ISNAD Şahin, Dr. İlyas. “AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU”. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi 2 (Şubat 2013), 71-112.
JAMA Şahin Dİ. AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi. 2013;:71–112.
MLA Şahin, Dr. İlyas. “AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU”. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi, sy. 2, 2013, ss. 71-112.
Vancouver Şahin Dİ. AMERİKAN HUKUKUNDA KİŞİ HAKLARI İLE KAMU YARARLARININ DENGELENMESİNE İLİŞKİN İLKELER VE KAMU OKULLARINDA YAPILAN ARAMALARIN HUKUKİ DURUMU. Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi Dergisi. 2013(2):71-112.